scholarly journals Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) exhibit positive phototaxis to white LED light

Polar Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-489
Author(s):  
Bjørn A. Krafft ◽  
Ludvig A. Krag
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Krill ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Euphausia Superba ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
White Led ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Positive Phototaxis ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Exposure Experiment

AbstractThe use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is increasingly used in fishing gears and its application is known to trigger negative or positive phototaxis (i.e., swimming away or toward the light source, respectively) for some marine species. However, our understanding of how artificial light influences behavior is poorly understood for many species and most studies can be characterized as trial and error experiments. In this study, we tested whether exposure to white LED light could initiate a phototactic response in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). Trawl-caught krill were used in a controlled artificial light exposure experiment conducted onboard a vessel in the Southern Ocean. The experiment was conducted in chambers with dark and light zones in which krill could move freely. Results showed that krill displayed a significant positive phototaxis. Understanding this behavioral response is relevant to development of krill fishing technology to improve scientific sampling gear, improve harvest efficiency, and reduce potential unwanted bycatch.

scholarly journals Continuous Light from Red, Blue, and Green Light-emitting Diodes Reduces Nitrate Content and Enhances Phytochemical Concentrations and Antioxidant Capacity in Lettuce

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong-Hua Bian ◽  
Rui-Feng Cheng ◽  
Qi-Chang Yang ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Chungui Lu
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
White Led ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Light

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have shown great potential for plant growth and development, with higher luminous efficiency and more flexible and feasible spectral control compared with other artificial lighting. The combined effects of red and blue (RB) LED with or without green (G) LED light and white LED light on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) growth and physiology, including nitrate content, chlorophyll fluorescence, and phytochemical concentration before harvest, were investigated. Continuous light exposure at preharvest can effectively reduce nitrate accumulation and increase phytochemical concentrations in lettuce plants. Nitrate accumulation is dependent on the spectral composition and duration of treatment: lettuce exposed to continuous RB (with or without G) LED light with a photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of 200 µmol·m−2·s−1 exhibited a remarkable decrease in nitrate content at 24 hour compared with white LED light treatment at the same PPF. In addition, RB LED light (R:B = 4:1) was more effective than white LED light at the same PPF in facilitating lettuce growth. Moreover, continuous LED light for 24 hours significantly enhanced free-radical scavenging activity and increased phenolic compound concentrations. We suggest that 24 hours continuous RB LED with G light exposure can be used to decrease nitrate content and enhance lettuce quality.

scholarly journals Light emitting diode (LED) color and broiler growth: effect of supplementing blue/green LED to white LED light on broiler growth, stress, and welfare

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 3519-3524
Author(s):  
Jill R. Nelson ◽  
Joey L. Bray ◽  
Juliette Delabbio ◽  
Gregory S. Archer
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Growth Stress ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
White Led ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Green Led

scholarly journals The dark side of artificial light

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Jun Yang ◽  
David A Hendrix ◽  
Jadwiga M Giebultowicz
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Constant Darkness ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Ambient Lighting

Light is necessary for life, but increasing exposure to artificial light may be detrimental to human health. With prevalent use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in ambient lighting and electronic devices, humans are increasingly exposed to blue light that appears white due to addition of other colours. Excessive blue light can damage eyes, but it is not known whether daily LED exposure across lifespan may have other adverse health effects. A recent study in short-lived model organism Drosophila melanogaster revealed that cumulative, long-term exposure to blue light impacts brain function, accelerates the aging process and significantly shortens lifespan compared to flies maintained in constant darkness or in white light with blue wavelengths blocked. Increased mortality and brain neurodegeneration was also observed in flies with genetically ablated eyes, demonstrating damage to non-retinal cells. As molecular responses to light are similar in the cells of both fruit flies and humans, these studies suggest that lifelong daily blue light exposure may impair cellular health in humans.

scholarly journals LED Induced Microglial Activation and Rise in Caspase3 Shows Reorganization in the Retina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boglárka Balogh ◽  
Gergely Szarka ◽  
Ádám J Tengölics ◽  
Gyula Hoffmann ◽  
Béla Völgyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microglial Activation ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Retinal Tissue

Vision is our primary sense as the human eye is the gateway for more than 65% of information reaching the human brain. Today’s increased exposure to different wavelengths and intensities of light from Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) sources could induce retinal degeneration and accompanying neuronal cell death. Damage induced by chronic phototoxic reactions occurring in the retina accumulates over years and it has been suggested to be responsible for the etiology of many debilitating ocular conditions. In this work, we examined how LED stimulation affects vision by monitoring changes in the expression of death and survival factors as well as microglial activation in LED-induced damage (LID) of the retinal tissue. We found an LED exposure-induced increase in the mRNA levels of major apoptosis-related markers -BAX, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 and an accompanying wide-spread microglial and Caspase-3 activation. Everyday LED light exposure was accounted for all the described changes in the retinal tissue of mice in this study, indicating that overuse of non-filtered direct LED light can have detrimental effects on the human retina as well.

scholarly journals Polymerization quality testing of composite resins cured by led light source

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Blazic ◽  
Slavoljub Zivkovic ◽  
Dejan Pantelic ◽  
Vladimir Pipic
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Curing Time ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Depth Of Cure ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Hard Dental Tissues

The quality of interface between composite resin materials and hard dental tissues is highly dependent on the polymerization light source. Newly developed blue light- emitting diode units for light polymerization of dental restorative materials are the most innovative light source technology in dentistry nowadays. The aim of this work was to estimate the depth of cure of five different light-activating composite resins exposed to different irradiation times (5s, 10s, 20s and 40s) when the experimental LED light source was used. The tested materials were: Tetric Ceram (Vivadent), Point 4 (Kerr), Admira (VOCO), Filtek Z250 (3M) and Diamond Lite (DRM Lab., Inc). The depth of cure testing was determined using a penetrometer. Results after 40s curing time were as following: the deepest depth of cure was achieved after application of Filtek Z 250, Diamond Lite Point 4 and Tetric Ceram. For the restorative material Admira was found the lowest depth of cure for the light exposure of 40s. An experimental LED light source achieved a sufficient depth of cure (over 2 mm) for all tested materials after curing time of 10s. The polymerization light source spectral distribution should be considered in addition to irradiance as a depth of cure indicator.

scholarly journals RESPONS DAN ADAPTASI IKAN TERI (Stolephorus sp.) TERHADAP LAMPU LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) (Response and Adaptation of Anchovy (Stolephorus sp.) to Light Emitting Diode (LED) Lamp)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Adi Susanto ◽  
Aristi Dian Purnama Fitri ◽  
Yuhelsa Putra ◽  
Heri Susanto ◽  
Tuti Alawiyah
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
P Value ◽  
White Led ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Main Target ◽  
Fish Tank ◽  
Fish Response ◽  
Cone Index

<div class="WordSection1"><p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><em>Innovation of LED lamp </em><em>are </em><em>encourag</em><em>ed the </em><em>research and development to obtain effective and eco-friendly fishing lamp. However, information about response, behaviour and retina adaptation of main target species to LED light are still limited. Meanwhile, this information is a key </em><em>to</em><em> determining intensity of effective LED light for fishing operation. The aim</em><em>s</em><em> of this study </em><em>are </em><em>to determine response and retina adaptation of anchovy (Stolephorus sp.) to different LED colour. This research was performed to the anchovies with total length 4.80-6.10 cm, which were acclimated in the fish tank. Fish response was observed visually and recorded by video camera. Retina adaptation was analysed</em><em> </em><em>by using histology method through pigment and cone index at light zone respectively. The results showed the fish response to white LED 3.4 times </em><em>was </em><em>faster than blue LED. However times duration of anchovy at the lighting area was 1.8 times longer in the area of blue lighting. The anchovies were more responsive to white LED (p value= 0.0033)</em><em> </em><em>with </em><em>the </em><em>average number of fish </em><em>was </em><em>45 individuals. White LED with illumination between 42-96 lux was the optimal </em><em>illumination </em><em>for fishing operation which can reach the highest cone index about 64-73%.</em><em></em></p><p class="TubuhTulisanAll"><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>cone index, effectiveness, fishing</em><em>,</em><em> illumination</em></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="Abstrakisi">Penemuan lampu LED mendorong berkembangnya penelitian untuk menghasilkan <em>fishing lamp </em>yang lebih efektif dan ramah lingkungan. Namun informasi tentang respons, tingkah laku dan adaptasi retina mata ikan target tangkapan terhadap cahaya lampu LED masih terbatas. Pada dasarnya, informasi tersebut menjadi kunci dalam penentuan intensitas cahaya lampu LED yang efektif untuk penangkapan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan respons dan adaptasi retina mata ikan teri (<em>Stolephorus </em>sp.) terhadap lampu LED dengan warna berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan ikan teri dengan panjang total antara 4,80-6,10 cm yang telah melalui proses aklimatisasi dalam bak penampungan. Pengamatan terhadap respons ikan teri dilakukan secara visual dan direkam dengan video kamera. Adaptasi retina mata ikan teri diamati berdasarkan hasil histologi dengan melihat nilai indeks pigmen dan indeks kon pada masing-masing zona pencahayaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan teri 3,4 kali lebih cepat merespons lampu LED putih dibandingkan terhadap lampu LED biru. Namun ikan teri bertahan 1,8 kali lebih lama di area pencahayaan warna biru. Ikan teri lebih memberikan respons yang lebih baik pada LED putih (p value= 0,0033) dengan rata-rata jumlah ikan yang berkumpul di area pencahayaan sebanyak 45 ekor. Lampu LED warna putih dengan iluminasi cahaya antara 42-96 lux merupakan lampu paling ideal untuk penangkapan teri karena menghasilkan adaptasi sel kon paling tinggi dengan indeks kon antara 64-73%.</p><p class="TubuhTulisanAll" align="left"><strong>Kata kunci:</strong>  indeks kon, efektivitas, penangkapan, iluminasi</p></div>

Optimising the illumination spectrum for tissue texture visibility

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 757-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Wang ◽  
RH Cuijpers ◽  
IMLC Vogels ◽  
M Ronnier Luo ◽  
I Heynderickx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Tissue ◽  
Specular Reflection ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Psychophysical Experiment ◽  
White Led ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Light ◽  
The Impact

A light-emitting diode based spectrum optimisation is proposed to enhance the visibility of the texture of biological tissue. This optimisation method is based on maximising perceptual colour differences between pairs of colour patches using images of biological tissue. This approach has two advantages. First, by weighting the importance of colour differences, the impact of glint or specular reflection is reduced automatically. Second, this optimisation method puts the priority on small colour differences which could be more useful in enhancing the visibility of tissue texture. Furthermore, a psychophysical experiment has been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. To be able to generalise our conclusions, different biological tissue types are used. The results show that illumination spectra that are optimised based on human perceptual colour differences significantly improve the visibility of tissue texture compared to illuminants such as CIE D65, and white LED light.

scholarly journals LED-Induced Microglial Activation and Rise in Caspase3 Suggest a Reorganization in the Retina

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10418
Author(s):  
Boglárka Balogh ◽  
Gergely Szarka ◽  
Ádám J. Tengölics ◽  
Gyula Hoffmann ◽  
Béla Völgyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microglial Activation ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Retinal Tissue

Vision is our primary sense as the human eye is the gateway for more than 65% of information reaching the human brain. Today’s increased exposure to different wavelengths and intensities of light from light emitting diode (LED) sources could induce retinal degeneration and accompanying neuronal cell death. Damage induced by chronic phototoxic reactions occurring in the retina accumulates over years and it has been suggested as being responsible for the etiology of many debilitating ocular conditions. In this work, we examined how LED stimulation affects vision by monitoring changes in the expression of death and survival factors as well as microglial activation in LED-induced damage (LID) of the retinal tissue. We found an LED-exposure-induced increase in the mRNA levels of major apoptosis-related markers BAX, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 and accompanying widespread microglial and Caspase-3 activation. Everyday LED light exposure was accounted for in all the described changes in the retinal tissue of mice in this study, indicating that overuse of non-filtered direct LED light can have detrimental effects on the human retina as well.

scholarly journals White LED Light Exposure Inhibits the Development and Xanthophore Pigmentation of Zebrafish Embryo

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ünsal Veli Üstündağ ◽  
E. Çalıskan-Ak ◽  
Perihan Seda Ateş ◽  
İsmail Ünal ◽  
Gizem Eğilmezer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zebrafish Embryo ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
White Led ◽  
Led Light

scholarly journals Stimulation of Light-Emitting Diode Treatment on Defence System and Changes in Mesocarp Metabolites of Avocados Cultivars (Hass and Fuerte) during Simulated Market Shelf Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1654
Author(s):  
Semakaleng Mpai ◽  
Dharini Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Fungicide Treatment ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Red Led ◽  
Simulated Market ◽  
Led Lights

The ability of light-emitting diode (LED) light treatment to reduce the anthracnose decay via its eliciting effects and thus induce resistance in the avocado (Persea americana), was investigated in this study to replace the current postharvest fungicide treatment. In experiment 1, the effect of blue or red LED lights (6 h per day) on the incidence of anthracnose in artificially inoculated (Colletotrichum gloesposorioides) and naturally infected avocados (cv. Fuerte and Hass) at 12–14 °C (simulated market shelf) for 4, 8, 14, and 16 days was investigated. In experiment 2, the effect of blue or red LED lights on the induced defence mechanism, fruit metabolites, antioxidant activity, and percentage of fruit reaching ready-to-eat stage was determined. Exposure to red LED light significantly reduced the anthracnose decay incidence in naturally infected cv. Fuerte on day 12 and in cv. Hass on day 16 compared to the prochloraz fungicide treatment by upregulating the PAL genes and maintaining the epicatechin content. Blue LED light accelerated the ripening in both cultivars, probably due to reduced D-mannoheptulose content. Red LED light exposure for 6 h per day and 12 days storage showed potential to replace the prochloraz treatment with improved ascorbic acid content and antioxidant activity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document