scholarly journals Bone tissue preservation in seawater environment: a preliminary comparative analysis of bones with different post-mortem histories through anthropological and radiological perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Bertoglio ◽  
Carmelo Messina ◽  
Annalisa Cappella ◽  
Emanuela Maderna ◽  
Debora Mazzarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tissue Preservation ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Bone Preservation ◽  
Few Data

AbstractBone taphonomy is a widely investigated topic; however, few data are available concerning marine bone taphonomy, especially on remains recovered from great depths and with short post-mortem intervals. To date, few studies have evaluated the bony changes which occur in seawater compared to samples with different post-mortem histories, and none through a comparative analysis of different approaches. To this purpose, this pilot study aims to examine the influence of seawater on bone preservation compared to other depositional contexts by multiple perspectives. Forty-nine human bone samples (femurs or tibiae) recovered from different environments (sea water, fresh water, outdoor, burial in coffin) were compared by macroscopic, microscopic and bone densitometric approaches. In order to investigate organic and inorganic components, undecalcified and decalcified histology of thin sections was performed. The analyses revealed a well-preserved bone tissue both macroscopically (92%) and microscopically (97% and 95% for undecalcified and decalcified sections). No significant differences were detected from radiological densitometric investigations (BMD = 1.6 g/cm2 ± 0.1), except between old and young individuals (p value < 0.001). Differences were observed for body decomposition and few scavenged samples (3/15). However, even if slight variations were observed, no relation was recorded with the depositional contexts. We found a similar bone preservation in the four environments at the time of recovery, both macroscopically and microscopically, but also with radiological densitometric investigations. Our observations enriched the literature on bone taphonomy, providing data on bone tissue preservation in the early post-mortem period from a multidisciplinary perspective, paving the way for further studies on the topic.

scholarly journals Intraoperative enrichment of bone autograft with autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells isolated simultaneously: moving towards tissue engineering in situ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Baranovskii ◽  
B.G. Akhmedov ◽  
O.A. Krasilnikova ◽  
A.G. Demchenko ◽  
M.E. Krasheninnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
P Value ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Bone Fragments ◽  
Autologous Bone ◽  
Bone Autograft

AbstractBackgroundThe use of tissue-engineered bone autografts is a promising approach for bone defects restoration. The isolation of cells and their seeding on bone autograft is usually carried out in a laboratory, requiring significant time and two separate surgical interventions. Intraoperative creation of tissue-engineered bone autograft can represent a perspective solution. The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of creation of tissue-engineered bone autograft by intraoperative enrichment of bone tissue with bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) isolated simultaneously.MethodsRed bone marrow and autologous bone tissue (bone fragments and bone chips) of the donor were harvested intraoperatively. BM-MNCs were isolated, and bone fragments were enriched with BM-MNCs intraoperatively. Assessment of the adhesion and proliferation of BM-MNCs on bone fragments was carried out by fluorescence microscopy and histological examination. MTT assay was used to compare metabolic activity of BM-MNCs and wBMA cells seeded on bone chips.ResultsAutologous bone fragments were colonized with autologous BM-MNCs isolated simultaneously in the O.R. with further adhesion and active growth of cells. When seeded on bone chips, metabolic activity of BM-MNCs was statistically significantly higher compared to wBMA cells (p-value=0.0272) on day 14. There was no difference in metabolic activity of BM-MNCs and wBMA cells cultured in nutrient medium without bone chips.ConclusionTechnically simple method of intraoperative enrichment of autologous bone fragments with BM-MNCs isolated simultaneously allowed to create tissue-engineered bone autograft in the O.R. The safety and effectiveness of intraoperatively enriched autografts should be investigated further.

scholarly journals Nano-carbonated hydroxyapatite precipitation from abalone shell (Haliotis asinina) waste as the bioceramics candidate for bone tissue engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 184798042110328
Author(s):  
Hestining A Permatasari ◽  
Mona Sari ◽  
Aminatun ◽  
Tri Suciati ◽  
Kiagus Dahlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
P Value ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Crystallinity Degree ◽  
Carbonated Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Carbonate Substitution

In this study, nano-carbonated hydroxyapatite (n-CHAp) was successfully synthesized with abalone shells ( Halioitis asinina) as the calcium source using precipitation methods with aging time variations, namely, 0 (without the aging process), 24, and 48 h. Based on an analysis of X-ray diffraction characterization, the spectrum of the n-CHAp is shown for all sample variations in aging time. The results of the calculation of lattice parameter values confirm that the phase formed is the B-type CHAp phase with the increasing crystallinity degree, crystallite size, particle size, and polydispersity which is confirmed by the presence of the CO32- functional group at 1438 cm−1 and 878 cm−1, that is, the B-type carbonate substitution characteristic. The presence of the carbonate ions identified as smaller during the extension of aging time causes the decreasing value of the Ca/P mole ratio but still has a value greater than the HAp Ca/P value (1.67), which is 1.80–1.72. Based on the transmission electron microscopy analysis, the nanometer-size of B-type CHAp particles was successfully obtained. According to the criteria for nanostructures, crystallographic properties, carbonate content, and chemical processes, B-type CHAp samples based on abalone shells ( Halioitis asinina) are one of the candidates in bioceramics for bone tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MONOCORTICAL AND BICORTICAL METHODS OF INSTALLING MINI-IMPLANTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Rivis ◽  
V.S. Melnyk ◽  
M.V. Rivis ◽  
K.V. Zombor
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Force Load ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Element Method

The aim of the study. Carry out a comparative analysis of the support ability of human jaw bone tissue in monocortical and bicortical installation of a mini-implant of own design OMG. Research methods. In order to study biomechanical characteristics of developed OMG mini-implant and bone tissue capacity during monocortical and bicortical installation, the finite element method (MSE) was used. The scheme and finite element 2-D model of bicortical installation of OMG mini-implant (length 8 mm, diameter 1.8 mm) provided full penetration through one layer of cortical bone equal to 1 mm, the entire cancellous bone and immersion in the second layer of cortical bone by 0, 5 mm. No implantation was immersed in the second cortical layer of bone during monocortical installation. A single force load of 1 N was applied in the horizontal direction parallel to the cortical plate of the bone. Results of the study. One of the most important factors leading to the success of the use of a mini-implant is its stability in the process of orthodontic treatment. Quite a high level of failure in the monocortical installation of mini-screws has led to the search for better methods to ensure the stability of their use. This was a bicortical method of fixation, based on the placement of the minig screw in the thickness of the two cortical plates of the jaws. Area for such installation of mini-screws can be a site of a palate and alveolar sprouts at installation of miniimplants through all its thickness. As shown by our data on the use of the finite element method under the force load of the biomechanical system "bone - mini-implant", the stress concentration zone is located in the area of the cortical bone of the jaw. The results of the calculation of the maximum stresses (σmax, MPa) and the maximum possible displacements (umax, mm) of the mini-implant in the biomechanical system "bone - mini-implant" in monocortical installation were, respectively, 8.27 MPa and 0.300 * 10-8 mm and in bicortical installation 6.00 MPa and 0.201 * 10-8 mm. The bicortical method of fixing the mini-implant in the jaw bones significantly increases the ability to resist deformation of this type of biomechanical system under force loads of the mini-implant. In the bicortical method of mini-implant placement, the extreme values of equivalent according to Mises stresses in the upper part of the cortical bone of the jaw are reduced by 27%. This can be explained by a significant increase in the area of contact due to the two layers of the cortical bone of the jaw with the surface of the mini-implant. Conclusion. The bicortical method of installing mini-implants is a more effective and reliable way to provide skeletal support during orthodontic treatment.

Comparative analysis of rodent tissue preservation methods and nucleic acid extraction techniques for virus screening purposes

2013 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines N. Yama ◽  
Madougou Garba ◽  
Janice Britton-Davidian ◽  
Simon-Djamel Thiberville ◽  
Gauthier Dobigny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Tissue Preservation ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Nucleic Acid Extraction ◽  
Preservation Methods ◽  
Virus Screening

scholarly journals Pathological and microbiological impact of a gentamicin-loaded biocomposite following limited or extensive debridement in a porcine model of osteomyelitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 394-401
Author(s):  
Sophie A. Blirup-Plum ◽  
Thomas Bjarnsholt ◽  
Henrik E. Jensen ◽  
Kasper N. Kragh ◽  
Bent Aalbæk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Drill Hole ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Group A ◽  
Extensive Debridement ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right ◽  
Surrounding Bone

Aims CERAMENT|G is an absorbable gentamicin-loaded biocomposite used as an on-site vehicle of antimicrobials for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the sole effect of CERAMENT|G, i.e. without additional systemic antimicrobial therapy, in relation to a limited or extensive debridement of osteomyelitis lesions in a porcine model. Methods Osteomyelitis was induced in nine pigs by inoculation of 104 colony-forming units (CFUs) of Staphylococcus aureus into a drill hole in the right tibia. After one week, the pigs were allocated into three groups. Group A (n = 3) received no treatment during the study period (19 days). Groups B (n = 3) and C (n = 3) received limited or extensive debridement seven days postinoculation, respectively, followed by injection of CERAMENT|G into the bone voids. The pigs were euthanized ten (Group C) and 12 (Group B) days after the intervention. Results All animals presented confirmatory signs of bone infection post-mortem. The estimated amount of inflammation was substantially greater in Groups A and B compared to Group C. In both Groups B and C, peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization (PNA FISH) of CERAMENT|G and surrounding bone tissue revealed bacteria embedded in an opaque matrix, i.e. within biofilm. In addition, in Group C, the maximal measured post-mortem gentamicin concentrations in CERAMENT|G and surrounding bone tissue samples were 16.6 μg/ml and 6.2 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that CERAMENT|G cannot be used as a standalone alternative to extensive debridement or be used without the addition of systemic antimicrobials. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(7):394–401.

Clinical and Endoscopic Presentation of Primary Gastric Lymphoma: An Italian Multicenter Study.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 4664-4664
Author(s):  
Caterina Patti ◽  
A. Zullo ◽  
L. Tedeschi ◽  
F. Di Raimondo ◽  
C. Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Lymphoma ◽  
P Value ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Primary Gastric Lymphoma ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Stage Ia ◽  
Frequent Site ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Intestinal Lymphomas ◽  
Few Data

Abstract Background. The stomach is the most frequent site of intestinal lymphomas. However, few data are available on the clinical-endoscopic presentation of gastric lymphoma as well as on possible differences in clinical pattern and endoscopic features between low-grade (LG) and high-grade (HG) lymphomas. In this study, we evaluated such aspects on consecutive primary gastric lymphoma patients observed in the last 12 years (1993–2004) in four Italian Hospitals (1 North, 2 Centre, 2 South). Methods. Clinical, histological, and endocospic records of consecutive patients diagnosed with LG or HG gastric lymphoma were retrieved and accurately evaluated. Symptoms were categorized as “alarm” (anaemia/melaena/heamorrage, persistent vomiting, weight loss) or “no alarm” (epigastric/abdominal pain, heartburn, dyspepsia/bloating). The endoscopic findings were classified as “normal” (no macroscopic lesions) or “abnormal” (ulcer, erosions, nodular pattern, hypertrophic folds, polypoid mass). Statistical analysis was carried out by using the Chi squared test. Results. During the study period, 143 patients with primary gastric lymphoma were detected. Overall, 61 patients were observed in the first 6 years and 82 in the last 6 years. The main results of the study are summarized in the table 1. Conclusions. The incidence of primary gastric lymphoma seems to be increasing. The overall prevalence of alarm symptoms is quite low, and they may be absent in near 75% of LG lymphoma patients. Moreover, contrarily to HG, LG lymphoma may present as a normal endoscopic finding and it is more frequently associated with H. pylori infection. At diagnosis, HG lymphoma is more frequently detected in an advanced stage as compared to LG lymphoma. Overall (143 patients) LG lymphoma (73 patients) HG lymphoma (70 patients) P value Age (mean ± SD) yrs 59.5 ± 14.2 59.4 ± 13.3 59.7 ± 15.1 0.4 Sex (M /F) 83/60 44/29 39/31 0.6 Alarm symptoms 57 (40%) 19 (26%) 38 (54%) 0.0009 Normal endoscopy 15 (10%) 15 (20%) 0 (0%) 0.0004 H. pylori infection 66 (73%) 47 (86%) 27 (39%) <0.0001 Stage (IA />IA) 78/65 58/15 20/50 <0.0001

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of bones, mites, soil chemistry, nematodes and soil micro-eukaryotes from a suspected homicide to estimate the post-mortem interval

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildikó Szelecz ◽  
Sandra Lösch ◽  
Christophe V. W. Seppey ◽  
Enrique Lara ◽  
David Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Post Mortem Interval
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