The Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI)—Normative Values. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dysphagia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Sobol ◽  
Anna M. Kober ◽  
Ewelina M. Sielska-Badurek
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Dysphagia Handicap Index

scholarly journals Six-Minute Walk Distance in Breast Cancer Survivors—A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2591
Author(s):  
Jasna But-Hadzic ◽  
Mirza Dervisevic ◽  
Damir Karpljuk ◽  
Mateja Videmsek ◽  
Edvin Dervisevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Minute Walk

The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a widely used test for the indirect measurement of cardiorespiratory fitness in various cancer populations. Although the 6MWT is a simple test, there are no normative values for breast cancer survivors (BCS) or comparisons of results with healthy counterparts. A systematic review with a meta-analysis was carried out, which included studies from 2007 to 2020. Ninety-one studies were found, 21 of which were included in the quantitative synthesis. Among them were 9 randomized controlled trials (RCT), 8 prospective cohort studies and 4 cross-sectional studies. A total of 1084 BCS were included. Our results revealed that healthy subjects (n = 878) covered a significantly greater distance than BCS during the 6MWT (589.9 m vs. 477.4 m, p < 0.001), and the results of the meta-regression analysis showed that the 6MWD was predicted by the participants’ BMI (p < 0.001), but not by their age (p = 0.070). After adjustment for BMI, the healthy subjects also covered greater distances than the BCS (103 m; p < 0.001). The normative values of 6MWT were presented for BCS. Besides, 6MWT distances distinguish between their healthy counterparts, therefore, the 6MWT distance is a relevant parameter for the assessment and monitoring of cardiorespiratory fitness in medical and exercise interventions for BCS.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Spontaneous Swallow Frequency in Healthy People and Those With, or at Risk of Developing, Dysphagia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M Bulmer ◽  
Caroline Ewers ◽  
Michael J Drinnan ◽  
Victoria C Ewan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Clinical Variable ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Central Register

Abstract BackgroundDysphagia is a common, and frequently undetected, complication of many neurological disorders and of sarcopoenia in ageing persons. However it is difficult to detect dysphagia clinically until the point of visible aspiration, and there are relatively few trained speech and language therapists, whose time and remit are limited to those with obvious disorders. Reduction in spontaneous swallowing frequency (SSF) has been mooted as a possible proxy for dysphagia. We therefore conducted a systematic review of the literature to describe SSF in both the healthy population, and in disease specific populations, in order to assess its utility as a screening tool to identify dysphagia.MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. Metadata were extracted, collated, and analysed via a random effects model to give quantitative insight.ResultsThree hundred and twelve articles were retrieved, with 19 meeting inclusion and quality criteria. Heterogeneity between studies was high (I2 = 98%), in part, due to the variety of methods for swallow identification reported. The mean SSF in Healthy younger groups was 0.98/min [CI: 0.78; 1.23]. In the Parkinson’s groups mean SSF was 0.59/min [0.41; 0.85]. Mean SSF in Healthy older, Higher risk and Dysphagic populations were similar (0.21/min [0.12; 0.37], 0.26/min [0.14; 0.85]), (0.27/min [0.17; 0.43] respectively).ConclusionsSSF is a novel, non-invasive clinical variable which warrants further explorations as to its potential to identify persons at risk of dysphagia. Larger, well-conducted studies are needed to develop objective, standardised methods for detecting SSF, and develop normative values in healthy populations.

scholarly journals Reference Values for Maximal Inspiratory Pressure: A Systematic Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela MB Sclauser Pessoa ◽  
Verônica Franco Parreira ◽  
Guilherme AF Fregonezi ◽  
A William Sheel ◽  
Frank Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Inspiratory Pressure ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Maximal Inspiratory Pressure ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle Strength

BACKGROUND: Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) is the most commonly used measure to evaluate inspiratory muscle strength. Normative values for MIP vary significantly among studies, which may reflect differences in participant demographics and technique of MIP measurement.OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review with meta-analyses to synthesize MIP values that represent healthy adults.METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL) and Sport Discus databases. Two reviewers identified and selected articles, and abstracted data. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) tool. A random-effects model was used to calculate overall means and 95% CIs.RESULTS: Of 22 included articles, MIP data were synthesized according to age group and sex from six reports (n=840) in the meta-analyses. The mean QUADAS score was 3.5 of 7. The age range was between 18 and 83 years (426 men, 414 women). MIP began to decrease with age in the 40 to 60 years age range and continued to fall progressively with age. For the same age group, men tended to have higher MIPs than women. Sensitivity analysis of withdrawing studies from the meta-analysis identified one study that contributed more to heterogeneity in some age groups.DISCUSSION: MIP was higher in men and decreased with age, which was initially apparent in middle age. Several characteristics of participants and MIP technique influence values in healthy individuals.CONCLUSIONS: The present meta-analysis provides normative MIP values that are reflective of a large sample (n=840) and likely represents the broadest representation of participant characteristics compared with previous reports of normative data.

scholarly journals Instruments to measure fear of COVID-19: a diagnostic systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Elizabeth Muller ◽  
Jan Peter William Himmels ◽  
Stijn Van de Velde
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Common Reference ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Political Economic

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has become a source of fear across the world. Measuring the level or significance of fear in different populations may help identify populations and areas in need of public health and education campaigns. We were interested in diagnostic tests developed to assess or diagnose COVID-19-related fear or phobia. Methods We performed a systematic review of studies that examined instruments diagnosing or assessing fear or phobia of COVID-19 (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020197100). We utilized the Norwegian Institute of Public Health’s Live map of covid-19 evidence, a database of pre-screened and pre-categorized studies. The Live map of covid-19 evidence identified references published since 1 December 2019 in MEDLINE, Embase, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Following biweekly searches, two researchers independently categorized all studies according to topic (seven main topics, 52 subordinate topics), population (41 available groups), study design, and publication type. For this review, we assessed for eligibility all studies that had been categorized to the topic “Experiences and perceptions, consequences; social, political, economic aspects” as of 25 September 2020, in addition to hand-searching included studies’ reference lists. We meta-analyzed correlation coefficients of fear scores to the most common reference tests (self-reports of anxiety, depression, and stress), and reported additional concurrent validity to other reference tests such as specific phobias. We assessed study quality using the QUADAS-2 for the minority of studies that presented diagnostic accuracy statistics. Results We found 18 studies that validated fear instruments. Fifteen validated the Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S). We found no studies that proposed a diagnosis of fear of COVID-19 or a threshold of significant/clinical versus non-significant/subclinical fear. Study quality was low, with the most common potential biases related to sampling strategy and un-blinded data analysis. The FSV-19S total score correlated strongly with severe phobia (r = 0.703, 95%CI 0.634–0.761) in one study, and moderately with anxiety in a meta-analysis. Conclusions The accuracy of the FSV-19S needs to be measured further using fear-related reference instruments, and future studies need to provide cut-off scores and normative values. Further evaluation of the remaining three instruments is required.

scholarly journals Fit, Female or Fifty - is cardiac rehabilitation fit for purpose? A systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Smith ◽  
JJ Orchard ◽  
A La Gerche ◽  
R Gallagher ◽  
J Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Meta Regression

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a multi-disciplinary, evidence-based intervention, aimed to address modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease. It is recommended worldwide for patients following myocardial infarction (MI), Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) and cardiac surgery. A growing body of evidence points towards a lack of uptake in CR in females and younger people. Purpose To examine the effectiveness of contemporary CR programs and assess whether they cater for all patients regardless of age, gender and prior level of fitness, via systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression. Methods MEDLINE was examined for studies involving exercise prescription or CR following MI, PCI and cardiac surgery from January 2010 to May 2020. RCTs and cohort studies of ≥10 patients were included for programs delivering phase II or III CR. Primary outcome measures were peakVO2max, 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and Metabolic Equivalent of Task (METs). Data were extracted using random effects meta-analysis. Epidemiological data were analysed for age, proportion of males to females and prior level of fitness. Baseline level of fitness was assessed by peakVO2max, 6MWT and METs values on entry into CR programs. Meta-regression was then used to determine change in fitness and the influence of age or gender. Results Thirty-three of the 713 studies (13 RCT, 20 cohort) were eligible and included in the review. Participants had a mean age of 60.0 years and 6/49 (12%) of study groups had a mean age &lt;55 years. Male participants comprised 81.9% of those who completed CR and 41/58 (71%) participants were below average for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) when compared to normative values for those aged 60-69 years on entering CR. CRF improved in all study groups by the end of CR programs (mean improvement in peakVO2 3.3mL/kg/min, 6MWT 90.8m and METs 1.7). Meta-regression analysis showed that males were more likely to have an increase in 6MWT distance compared to females (mean difference 3.16m (95% CI 0.44-5.89). However, gender and age did not independently affect peakVO2max or METs. Conclusion CR following MI, PCI or cardiac surgery improved mean CRF in all study groups. While males were more likely to show an improvement in 6MWT there was no appreciable difference in effect in other outcomes after controlling for age or gender differences. Females, younger people and those of average or above CRF appear to be under-represented in data and attendance at cardiac rehabilitation. Given that CR outcomes are equal across gender and age, more effort should be made to encourage female and younger patients to attend. A ‘Precision Medicine’ model of exercise prescription may assist in this aim.

scholarly journals Normative values for singing voice handicap index – systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Sobol ◽  
Ewelina M. Sielska-Badurek ◽  
Ewa Osuch-Wójcikiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Voice Handicap Index ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Singing Voice

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

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