The influence of climate on the masting behavior of Mexican beech: growth rings and xylem anatomy

The secondary xylem anatomy of trees and lianas was compared in the family Bignoniaceae. General descriptions of the family and the six woody tribes are provided. Lianas belong to the tribes Bignonieae, Tecomeae and Schlegelieae, and most have ve.ssels of two distinct diameters, many vessels per unit area, large intervascular pits, septate fibres, large heterocellular rays often of two distinct sizes, scanty paratracheal and vasicentric axial parenchyma and anomalous growth. Conversely, trees, which belong to the tribes Coleeae, Crescentieae, Oroxyleae and Tecomeae generally have narrower vessels in one diameter class, fewer vessels per unit area, smaller intervascular pits, non-septate fibres, small homocellular rays, scanty paratracheal, aliform or confluent parenchyma, and none exhibits anomalous growth. The majority of both trees and Hanas possess growth rings, are diffuse-porous, have non-solitary vessels which lack helical thickenings, and few have apotracheal parenchyma or storied structure. All species have alternate intervascular pitting and simple perforation plates.

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PERTUMBUHAN LINGKARAN POHON JATI PADA DUA SISTEM KULTUR BERBEDA DI JAWA TIMUR

Jurnal Natural ◽

10.30862/jn.v6i2.683 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Iriwi Louisa S. Sinon

Keyword(s):

Tree Ring ◽

Tectona Grandis ◽

Annual Growth ◽

Natural Growth ◽

Growth Rings ◽

Climate Effect ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Annual Growth Rings ◽

Chronological Sequence ◽

Plantation Teak

<p><em>Study dendrochronology or tree-ring dating is defined as the study of chronological sequence of annual growth rings in trees. Teak (Tectona grandis) is one of various tree species that has been identified for the use of tree-ring studies in tropical regions. Teak is found to be suitable for dendrochronology as it is long-lived and develops defined annual growth rings. In Java, teak cans growth naturally or intensively in plantation. The two silviculture conditions will give different sensitivity on climate effect. Therefore, the effect of silviculturer will on natural teak and plantation teak in Saradan, Madiun, and East Java. As a part of the study, ten core samples from natural- growth teak were measured. The samples of growth rings is spanned from 1832 – 2004. Using the COFECHA program, the correlation of the samples (r) was found to be 0.44 point, which is satisfactory to the standard used in dendrochronology. Thus, from this study it can be concluded that natural teak could still be used in dendrochronology, although the sensitivity are not as high as plantation teak. </em></p>

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PEACH TREE VIGOR IS A FUNCTION OF ROOTSTOCK XYLEM ANATOMY AND HYDRAULIC CONDUCTANCE

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2012.932.70 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 483-489 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S. Tombesi ◽

J. Marsal ◽

B. Basile ◽

A. Weibel ◽

L. Solari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydraulic Conductance ◽

Peach Tree ◽

Xylem Anatomy

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Golden ratio based scaling relations in the structure and transversal formation of growth rings

International Wood Products Journal ◽

10.1179/2042645312y.0000000027 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 89-94

Author(s):

A Tekleyohannes ◽

S Avramidis

Keyword(s):

Golden Ratio ◽

Scaling Relations ◽

Growth Rings

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An Antarctic shelf population of the deep-sea, Pacific brachiopod Neorhynchia strebeli

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315400071757 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 399-407 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

David K.A. Barnes ◽

Lloyd S. Peck

Keyword(s):

Deep Sea ◽

Growth Function ◽

Weddell Sea ◽

Von Bertalanffy ◽

Growth Rings ◽

Von Bertalanffy Growth Function ◽

Annual Periodicity ◽

A Site ◽

The Antarctic ◽

Order Rhynchonellida

Thirty-five specimens of the articulate brachiopod Neorhynchia strebeli were collected from a site at 814 m in the Weddell Sea. This was only the second species of the order Rhynchonellida to be found in Antarctica. Formerly N. strebeli was known solely from abyssal Pacific Ocean localities. A circumantarctic distribution is suggested in addition to the known deep-sea Pacific range. The specimens of this collection showed considerable commissure variation, suggesting that the previously proposed erection of two subspecies on the basis of this character is erroneous, and emphasises the phenotypic plasticity of some articulate brachiopods. The valve lengths and the number of alpha growth rings in the sample showed a normal distribution and a von Bertalanffy growth function was fitted to the data: Lt = 23 (1-exp[-0·228t]). If the alpha growth rings were of annual periodicity, the ages attained by the Antarctic N. strebeli of 11 y would be substantially lower than those reported for other Weddell Sea brachiopods. The epibiotic communities occurring on the valves of N. strebeli were impoverished, which is characteristic of deep water Antarctic brachiopods. The few specimens collected with their substratum were attached to small pebbles, but the typical attachment substrata may be different.

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Variation in xylem anatomy of selected populations of lodgepole pine

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x01-142 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 31 (11) ◽

pp. 2049-2057 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tongli Wang ◽

Sally N Aitken

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Wall Thickness ◽

Slow Growth ◽

Lodgepole Pine ◽

High Density ◽

Cell Wall Thickness ◽

Fast Growth ◽

Low Density ◽

Xylem Anatomy ◽

Latewood Density

Variation in xylem anatomy among selected populations of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) was examined using digital image analysis based on an annual growth ring (age 10) per tree. Four subpopulations were selected using the following criteria for height growth and wood density: (i) fast growth and high density; (ii) slow growth and high density; (iii) fast growth and low density; and (iv) slow growth and low density. Significant differences were found among subpopulations for several anatomical parameters including tracheid density, lumen size, and cell wall thickness that may affect the economic value and utilization of wood. Principal component analysis indicate that the first four principal components (PCs) were associated with (i) ring area (PC1), (ii) earlywood density (PC2), (iii) latewood density (PC3), and (iv) lumen shape in earlywood (PC4), suggesting that these aspects of wood properties and growth are controlled by different sets of genes. Relative contributions of total number of tracheids, tracheid lumen size, and cell wall thickness to ring area and correlations between cell wall area proportion and X-ray density are discussed.

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Distribution of juvenile wood in two stems of Larixlaricina

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x86-181 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 1041-1049 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

K. C. Yang ◽

C. A. Benson ◽

J. K. Wong

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Wood ◽

Growth Ring ◽

Ring Width ◽

Tree Level ◽

Growth Rings ◽

Vertical Variation ◽

Strong Negative Correlation ◽

Ring Number ◽

Tracheid Length ◽

Growth Ring Width

The distribution and vertical variation of juvenile wood was studied in an 81-year-old dominant tree and an 83-year-old suppressed tree of Larixlaricina (Du Roi) K. Koch. Two criteria, growth ring width and tracheid length, were used to demarcate the boundary of juvenile wood. The width of juvenile wood, expressed in centimetres and the number of growth rings, decreased noticeably from the base to the top of the tree. The volume of juvenile wood decreased in a similar pattern. These decreasing trends had a strong negative correlation with the year of formation of cambial initials at a given tree level. The length of these cambial initials decreased with increasing age of formation of the cambial initials. In the juvenile wood zone, there was a positive linear regression between the growth ring number (age) and the tracheid length. The slopes of these regression lines at various tree levels increased as the age of the year of formation of the cambial initials increased. At a given tree level, the length of tracheids increased from the pith to a more uniform length near the bark. However, the number of years needed to attain a more uniform tracheid length decreased from the base to the top of the tree. These relationships suggest that the formation of juvenile wood is related to the year of formation of the cambial initials. Consequently, the juvenile wood is conical in shape, tapering towards the tree top.

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Anatomical, Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Fast-Growing Populus × Euramericana cv. ‘74/76’

IAWA Journal ◽

10.1163/22941932-00000057 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 158-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhao Rongjun ◽

Yao Chunli ◽

Cheng Xianbao ◽

Lu Jianxiong ◽

Fei Benhua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Wood Properties ◽

Planting Density ◽

Dry Density ◽

Growth Rings ◽

Fast Growing ◽

Breast Height ◽

Large Growth

The anatomical characteristics, chemical composition, and physical and mechanical properties of fast-growing Populus × euramericana cv. ‘74/76’ juvenile wood were investigated. Four- to five-year-old clonal plantation trees were harvested from two different experimental sites in the suburbs of Beijing. The Shunyi site had black alkali soil with a planting density of 4 × 6 m and the Miyun site had sandy loam soil with a planting density of 3 × 5 m. The test results showed that the poplar trees from the two sites were both fast growing, with poplar at Shunyi growing faster than at Miyun. There were no significant differences in wood properties between trees grown at the two sites. Fiber length at breast height varied from 872 to 1300 μm between growth rings, average fiber width varied from 21.0 to 25.5 μm and double wall thickness varied from 5.0 to 6.6 μm. Average cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose contents in the samples were 48.9%, 25.4%, and 18.8%, respectively. MFA was higher in the first two growth rings (20–25°), and then decreased rapidly to 12° close to the bark. The average air-dry density at breast height was 401 kg/m3 while the average MOE at breast height was 9.3 GPa. The trees showed large growth rates in both height and stem diameter during the growing season. However, wood properties of the juvenile poplar appeared to be similar to those of poplars with a slower growth rate.

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