Emergency (clonal spread) of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), extended spectrum (ESBL) – and AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria infections at Pediatric Department, Bosnia and Herzegovina

2014 ◽  
Vol 126 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 747-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Uzunović ◽  
Branka Bedenić ◽  
Ana Budimir ◽  
Farah Kamberović ◽  
Amir Ibrahimagić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Pediatric Department ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Clonal Spread

scholarly journals Detection of Antimicrobial Activity of Cranberry Fruit Extract against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Ali Nawaz Bijarani ◽  
Muhammad Owais Ismail ◽  
Zahida Memon ◽  
Faisal Afridi ◽  
Shabana Qabulio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Objective: Antibacterial effects of Cranberry fruit extract on Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Extended Spectrum beta lactamase producing E. coli and its comparison with Linezolid and Meropenem. Materials and Methods: It is a Pre Clinical (in-vitro) study conducted in Ziauddin University from January 2020 to October 2020. All samples were collected from Ziauddin University.  All clinical samples were collected inform of pus, urine, blood, tracheal aspirations, patients admitted in surgical and medical wards, intensive care units and outdoor patients who were attending clinics. All these samples were transported to Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Ziauddin hospital, North Nazimabad campus and then culture and sensitivity test were performed there. Sample showing double growth and contamination on agar plates were excluded from study. Results: Out of 80 samples included in this study 46(57.5%) were female and 34(42.5%) samples were male; female to male samples ratio of 1.35:1.The mean age was 45.71±11.83 years. MRSA commonly found in pus swab 15(37.5%) and 21(52.5%) ESBL producing E. coli found in urine samples. 14(35%) samples were observed anti-bacterial activity of cranberry fruit extracts against Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli at 50 mg/ml concentration, followed by 10(25%) and 9(22.5%) samples at  60 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml were respectively. While resistance of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Escherichia coliwere observed high at different concentration level of cranberry fruit extracts. Good anti-bacterial activity of cranberry fruit extracts observed  against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus at different                      levels of concentration 20(50%), 23(57.5%), 21(52.5%), 26(65%), 29(72.5%) samples were 20 mg/ml,30mg/ml,40mg/ml, 50mg/ml, 60mg/ml respectively. Most superior and best dose of cranberry fruit extract against Staph Aureus in about 72.5% (29) at 60mg/ml and their Comparison with linezolid and meropenem against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and found best positive results as compared with Linezolid and found significant p value 0.005. Conclusions: Cranberry extract has a lot of potential to prove itself to be a good antimicrobial agent. The cranberry fruit extract has high antimicrobial activity against methicillin resistant S.aureus and resistant strains of E. coli in comparison to linezolid and meropenem.

Protein expression profiles in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) under effects of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of imipenem

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jichun Wang ◽  
Junrui Wang ◽  
Yanyan Wang ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Xiaohui Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

ABSTRACT Imipenem is a beta-lactam antibiotic mainly active against gram-negative bacterial pathogens and also could cause cell wall impairment in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). However, related antibacterial mechanisms of imipenem on MRSA and mixed infections of MRSA and gram-negative bacteria are relatively poorly revealed. This study was to identify proteins in the MRSA response to subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of imipenem treatment. Our results showed that 240 and 58 different expression proteins (DEPs) in sub-MICs imipenem-treated S3 (a standard MRSA strain) and S23 (a clinical MRSA strain) strains were identified through the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation method when compared with untreated S3 and S23 strains, respectively, which was further confirmed by multiple reactions monitoring. Our result also demonstrated that expressions of multiple DEPs involved in cellular proliferation, metabolism and virulence were significantly changed in S3 and S23 strains, which was proved by gene ontology annotations and qPCR analysis. Further, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis showed cell wall deficiency, cell lysis and abnormal nuclear mitosis on S23 strain. Our study provides important information for understanding the antibacterial mechanisms of imipenem on MRSA and for better usage of imipenem on patients co-infected with MRSA and other multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals Adult Native Joint Septic Arthritis: A Nine-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Portuguese University Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cipriano ◽  
Fábio Videira Santos ◽  
Rita Dias ◽  
André Carvalho ◽  
Ernestina Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate

Introduction: Septic arthritis of a native joint represents a medical emergency. Drainage and effective antibiotic treatment are critical to avoid joint destruction and long-term impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with the diagnosis of septic arthritis to help establish local guidelines for empirical antibiotic treatment.Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of adult patients admitted at Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto from 2009 to 2017 with suspected native joint septic arthritis. Relevant demographics, microbiology findings and respective antibiotic susceptibilities were analysed.Results: Ninety-seven patients, predominantly males (59.8%) with a median age of 61 years old were included. The most commonly reported comorbidity associated with septic arthritis was diabetes mellitus (20.6%). The knee was the most commonly affected joint (71.1%). Arthrocentesis was performed in all patients, but only 50.5% had positive microbial growth in the synovial fluid. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently identified microorganism, 86% of which were methicillin susceptible. Gram-negative bacteria were the causative agent in 15% of cases. A wide range of empirical antibiotic regimens were prescribed with a combination of vancomycin/carbapenem being the most common (30.9%). Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility profiles revealed that amoxicillin/clavulanate would have been appropriate as the initial regimen in 89% of cases.Discussion: The main causative pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus, with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus remaining rare. The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria implies that these agents should be covered by empirical treatment, although no case of Pseudomonas infection has been identified. Therefore, antipseudomonal coverage is not necessary in empirical regimens.Conclusion: Routine coverage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not warranted but must be considered when specific risk factors are found. Amoxicillin/clavulanate can provide adequate antibiotic coverage as an empirical treatment for adult native joint septic arthritis. Its use may allow a reduction in use of broader spectrum antibiotics.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Isolat Klinik Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus dan Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Menggunakan Teknik Polimerase Chain Reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Linosefa Linosefa
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Bakteri patogen yang resisten terhadap banyak obat  seperti Staphylococcus aureus yang kebal terhadap Methicillin (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus/MRSA) telah menjadi agen penyebab infeksi baik di lingkungan pelayanan kesehatan maupun di masyarakat. Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) yang berasal dari mutasi β-laktamase juga menjadi masalah utama dalam infeksi terkait pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan: Menentukan proporsi bakteri penghasil MRSA dan ESBL dari isolat klinis di Rumah Sakit Dr. M. Djamil Padang menggunakan teknik Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi prospektif dengan mengumpulkan isolat Staphylococcus aureus dan Enterobacteriaceae dari Juli hingga September 2017. Penelitian dilakukan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas untuk mengkonfirmasi bakteri penghasil MRSA dan ESBL. Hasil: Sebanyak 15 dari 27 isolat Staphylococcus aureus (56%) merupakan  MRSA dan 21 dari 41 isolat Enterobacteriaceae (51%) adalah penghasil ESBL. Klebsiella sp. paling banyak ditemukan di antara isolat Enterobacteriaceae (59%). Lima puluh persen Klebsiella sp menghasilkan  ESBL. Simpulan: Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa setengah isolat klinis dari RSUP Dr. M. Djamil merupakan MRSA dan penghasil ESBL. Deteksi dini MRSA dan Enterobacteriaceae penghasil ESBL perlu dilakukan, untuk mencegah dan mengurangi transmisi bakteri MDR di lingkungan rumah sakit.Kata kunci: Enterobacteriaceae, Klebsiella sp, MDR, Staphylococcus aureus

scholarly journals Beta Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among Uropathogens

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
V. K. Singh ◽  
R. Tuladhar ◽  
M. K. Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
The Impact

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the leading cause of morbidity and health care expenditures in persons of all the ages. The impact of disease is high in the low-resource developing countries due to lack of awareness about the UTIs caused by extended spectrum beta lactamase producing pathogens and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This study represents a cross-sectional analysis of UTI prevalence in patients attending at KIST Medical College Teaching Hospital, Imadole, Lalitpur. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard biochemical tests. The antimicrobial susceptibility to various drugs and confirmation of the extended spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) production was done following Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. During the study period, 303 (24.08% of urine submissions) UTIs were confirmed. Among these 303 strains, E. coli was the most common, representing 65.34% of the isolates, followed by S. aureus (6.93%) and other pathogens (27.72%). Prevalence of ESBL E. coli, K. pneumoniae and MRSA in the urinary isolates were found to be 38.38 %, 35 % and 47.61 % respectively. Empiric treatment for UTIs in Nepal should be reconsidered and prudent use of antibiotics, particularly Gentamycin, is highly recommended. The recent spread of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and MRSA is striking and underlines the need for further studies.Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 16, No.1 (2015) pp.105-112

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