scholarly journals The O(<sup>1</sup>S) dayglow emission as observed by the WIND imaging interferometer on the UARS

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Singh ◽  
I. C. McDade ◽  
G. G. Shepherd ◽  
B. H. Solheim ◽  
W. E. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Atom ◽  
Atomic Oxygen ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Dissociative Recombination ◽  
Model Atmosphere ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Imaging Interferometer ◽  
Volume Emission ◽  
Excitation Mechanisms ◽  
Three Body

Abstract. Volume emission rate profiles of the O(1D-1S) 5577 Å dayglow measured by the WIND imaging interferometer on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite are analyzed to examine the O(1S) excitation mechanisms in the sunlit lower thermosphere and upper mesosphere. The observed emission profiles are compared with theoretical profiles calculated using a model which takes into account all of the known daytime sources of O(1S). These include photoelectron impact on atomic oxygen, dissociative recombination of O+2, photodissociation of molecular oxygen, energy transfer from metastable N2(A3Σ+u) and three body recombination of atomic oxygen. Throughout most of the thermosphere the measured and modelled emission rates are in reasonably good agreement, given the limitations of the model, but in the region below 100 km, where the oxygen atom recombination source is likely to dominate, the measured emission rates are considerably larger than those modelled using the MSIS-90 oxygen atom densities. This discrepancy is discussed in terms of possible inadequacies in the MSIS-90 model atmosphere and/or additional sources of O(1S) at low altitude.

scholarly journals Retrieval of O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>1</sup>Σ) and O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>1</sup>Δ) volume emission rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using SCIAMACHY MLT limb scans

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 473-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirmahdi Zarboo ◽  
Stefan Bender ◽  
John P. Burrows ◽  
Johannes Orphal ◽  
Miriam Sinnhuber
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Oxygen ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Volume Emission ◽  
Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Scanning Imaging

Abstract. We present the retrieved volume emission rates (VERs) from the airglow of both the daytime and twilight O2(1Σ) band and O2(1Δ) band emissions in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). The SCanning Imaging Absorption SpectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) onboard the European Space Agency Envisat satellite observes upwelling radiances in limb-viewing geometry during its special MLT mode over the range 50–150 km. In this study we use the limb observations in the visible (595–811 nm) and near-infrared (1200–1360 nm) bands. We have investigated the daily mean latitudinal distributions and the time series of the retrieved VER in the altitude range from 53 to 149 km. The maximal observed VERs of O2(1Δ) during daytime are typically 1 to 2 orders of magnitude larger than those of O2(1Σ). The latter peaks at around 90 km, whereas the O2(1Δ) emissivity decreases with altitude, with the largest values at the lower edge of the observations (about 53 km). The VER values in the upper mesosphere (above 80 km) are found to depend on the position of the sun, with pronounced high values occurring during summer for O2(1Δ). O2(1Σ) emissions show additional high values at polar latitudes during winter and spring. These additional high values are presumably related to the downwelling of atomic oxygen after large sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs). Accurate measurements of the O2(1Σ) and O2(1Δ) airglow, provided that the mechanism of their production is understood, yield valuable information about both the chemistry and dynamics in the MLT. For example, they can be used to infer the amounts and distribution of ozone, solar heating rates, and temperature in the MLT.

scholarly journals Retrieval of O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>1</sup>Σ) and O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>1</sup>∆) volume emission rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using SCIAMACHY MLT limb scans

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirmahdi Zarboo ◽  
Stefan Bender ◽  
John P. Burrows ◽  
Johannes Orphal ◽  
Miriam Sinnhuber
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Oxygen ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Volume Emission ◽  
Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Scanning Imaging

Abstract. We present the retrieved volume emission rates (VER) from the airglow of both the daytime and twilight O2(1Σ) band and O2(1Δ) band emissions in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT). The SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) on-board the European Space Agency Envisat satellite observes upwelling radiances in limb viewing geometry during its special MLT mode over the range 50 to 150 km. In this study we use the limb observations in the visible (595–811 nm) and near infrared (1200–1360 nm) bands. We have investigated the daily mean latitudinal distributions and the time series of the retrieved VER in the altitude range from 53 to 149 km. The maximal observed VER of O2(1Δ) during daytime are typically 1 to 2 orders of magnitude larger than those of O2(1Σ). The latter peaks at around 90 km, whereas the O2(1Δ) emissivity decreases with altitude, with the largest values at the lower edge of the observations (about 53 km). The VER values in the upper mesosphere (above 80 km) are found to depend on the position of the sun, with pronounced high values occurring during summer for O2(1Δ). O2(1Σ) shows secondary maxima during winter and spring, which are related to the downwelling of atomic oxygen after large sudden stratospheric warmings (SSW). Observations of O2(1Δ) and O2(1Σ) airglow provide valuable information about both the chemistry and dynamics in the MLT and can be used to infer the amounts and distribution of ozone, solar heating rates and temperature in the MLT.

scholarly journals Effects of the planetary waves on the MLT airglow

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1023-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Egito ◽  
Hisao Takahashi ◽  
Yasunobu Miyoshi
Keyword(s):  
General Circulation ◽  
Atomic Oxygen ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Vertical Transport ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Planetary Waves ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Middle Latitudes

Abstract. The planetary-wave-induced airglow variability in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) is investigated using simulations with the general circulation model (GCM) of Kyushu University. The model capabilities enable us to simulate the MLT OI557.7 nm, O2b(0–1), and OH(6–2) emissions. The simulations were performed for the lower-boundary meteorological conditions of 2005. The spectral analysis reveals that at middle latitudes, oscillations of the emission rates with the period of 2–20 days appear throughout the year. The 2-day oscillations are prominent in the summer and the 5-, 10-, and 16-day oscillations dominate from the autumn to spring equinoxes. The maximal amplitude of the variations induced by the planetary waves was 34 % in OI557.7 nm, 17 % in O2b(0–1), and 8 % in OH(6–2). The results were compared to those observed in the middle latitudes. The GCM simulations also enabled us to investigate vertical transport processes and their effects on the emission layers. The vertical transport of atomic oxygen exhibits similar periodic variations to those observed in the emission layers induced by the planetary waves. The results also show that the vertical advection of atomic oxygen due to the wave motion is an important factor in the signatures of the planetary waves in the emission rates.

scholarly journals Tomography-like retrieval of auroral volume emission ratios for the 31 January 2008 Hotel Payload 2 event

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-F. Enell ◽  
B. Gustavsson ◽  
B. U. E. Brändström ◽  
T. I. Sergienko ◽  
P. T. Verronen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Oxygen ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Mesopause Region ◽  
Volume Emission ◽  
The Common ◽  
Volume Estimates ◽  
Emission Ratios

Abstract. Quantitative tomography-like volume estimates of the N2+(1N) emission at 427.8 nm, the O(1S) emission at 557.7 nm and the O(1D) emission at 630.0 nm can be retrieved from data from the Auroral Large Imaging System (ALIS) remote-controlled spectral imagers operated at field stations in northern Sweden and Norway. This paper presents a case study of a quiet auroral arc passing over the common volume of the imagers in the evening of 31 January 2008, before the launch of the Hotel Payload 2 (HotPay 2) rocket from Andøya Rocket Range. The reconstructed spectroscopic ratios at the lower altitudes close to the mesopause region can be used as indicators of the NO and O profiles, as the atomic oxygen O(1S) and O(1D) states are excited partly through chemical reactions. The profiles of the ratios of the volume emission rates ε557.7 and ε427.8 observed by ALIS over northern Norway show nothing unambiguously unusual within the accuracy of the calibration and retrieval, whereas HotPay 2 indicated subsidence of lower thermospheric air, with higher NO concentrations. This is consistent with observations of NO and CO by satellite instruments, which indicate subsidence in vortex filaments only in the NW as seen from the Scandinavian mainland.

Satellite airglow limb tomography: Methods for recovering structured emission rates in the mesospheric airglow layer

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 552-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. McDade ◽  
Edward J. Llewellyn
Keyword(s):  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Airglow Emissions ◽  
Volume Emission ◽  
Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Tomographic Technique

In this paper, we investigate the possibility of using satellite airglow limb tomography to study spatial structures in the airglow emissions of the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere. We describe inversion procedures for converting satellite airglow limb observations into two-dimensional distributions of volume emission rates. The performance of the inversion procedures is assessed using simulated limb observations and we demonstrate the potential of this tomographic technique for studying the horizontal and vertical characteristics of wave-driven disturbances in the 80–100 km region.

scholarly journals The OI 630.0 and 557.7nm dayglow measured by WINDII and modeled by TRANSCAR

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1947-1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Culot ◽  
C. Lathuillère ◽  
J. Lilensten ◽  
O. Witasse
Keyword(s):  
Zenith Angle ◽  
Solar Zenith Angle ◽  
Satellite Orbit ◽  
Solar Flux ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Imaging Interferometer ◽  
Volume Emission ◽  
Measured Volume ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. A 1-D fluid/kinetic code is used to model WIND Imaging Interferometer measurements of the atomic oxygen (3P-1D) red and (-1D-1S) green thermospheric dayglows at 630.0nm and 557.7nm. This modelling is performed for different latitude and solar zenith angle conditions, in order to reproduce the measurements all along the satellite orbit. Results are successfully compared to the interferometer's observations, reproducing the measured volume emission rates, together with the maximum emission altitude. A good agreement is found regardless of the position considered along the satellite orbit, meaning that the solar flux and the solar zenith angle influences were successfully taken into account. Together with this model study, a four-year red and green oxygen lines set of WINDII data is analysed with regards to those geophysical parameters. Correlations between volume emission rates and solar flux are evaluated and it is found that the MgII index is better suited to this kind of study than the f10.7 decimetric index.

A rocket measurement of the O2 Infrared Atmospheric (0–0) band emission in the dayglow and a determination of the mesospheric ozone and atomic oxygen densities

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 941-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. J. Evans ◽  
I. C. McDade ◽  
J. Yuen ◽  
E. J. Llewellyn
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Oxygen ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Band Emission ◽  
Volume Emission ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Matching Pair ◽  
Rocket Measurements ◽  
Near Infrared Spectrometer

Rocket measurements of the [Formula: see text] IR Atmospheric (0–0) band emission in the sunlit mesosphere, which were coordinated with an overpass of the Solar Mesospheric Explorer (SME) satellite, are reported. The IR Atmospheric band volume emission rates, derived from the data obtained with a matching pair of 1.27 μm radiometers, are presented and compared with the emission rates inferred from limb-scan observations made with the near-infrared spectrometer on the SME satellite. The rocket measurements are used to derive the ozone and atomic oxygen number densities in the sunlit mesosphere. The derived concentrations are compared with those obtained from other observations and model calculations.

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