scholarly journals Morphing of soft tubes by anisotropic growth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Nardinocchi ◽  
Luciano Teresi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Small Perturbation ◽  
Elastic Energy ◽  
Composite Structure ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Anisotropic Growth ◽  
Cylindrical Structures

AbstractWe present a study of smart growth in layered cylindrical structures. We start from the characterization of a compatible growth field in an anisotropic growing tube with the aim to show a small perturbation in the compatible growth field that may produce a controlled deprivation of compatibility and localization of elastic energy storage in a composite structure made up of anisotropic growing tubes.

Thermal characterization of ABS-Graphene blended three dimensional printed functional prototypes for electro chemical energy storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamaljit Singh Boparai ◽  
Rupinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Fused Deposition

This study highlights the thermal characterization of ABS-Graphene blended three dimensional (3D) printed functional prototypes by fused deposition modeling (FDM) process. These functional prototypes have some applications as electro-chemical energy storage devices (EESD). Initially, the suitability of ABS-Graphene composite material for FDM applications has been examined by melt flow index (MFI) test. After establishing MFI, the feedstock filament for FDM has been prepared by an extrusion process. The fabricated filament has been used for printing 3D functional prototypes for printing of in-house EESD. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis was conducted to understand the effect on glass transition temperature with the inclusion of Graphene (Gr) particles. It has been observed that the reinforced Gr particles act as a thermal reservoir (sink) and enhances its thermal/electrical conductivity. Also, FT-IR spectra realized the structural changes with the inclusion of Gr in ABS matrix. The results are supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) based micrographs for understanding the morphological changes.

Jumping, Climbing and Suspensory Locomotion

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Elastic Energy ◽  
The Core ◽  
Power Amplification ◽  
Core Concepts

Jumping, climbing and suspensory locomotion are specialized locomotor mechanisms used on land and in the air. Jumping is used for rapid launches from substrates. Climbing and suspensory movements enable locomotion up, under and through vertically-structured habitats, such as forests. Elastic energy storage is particularly important for jumping and catapult systems and we address the core concepts of power amplification that are exemplified in nature’s extreme jumpers. We examine the diverse mechanisms of attachment that characterize animals that can grasp and adhere to a diversity of structures. We conclude the chapter by examining the integration of biological capabilities with engineering innovations in these systems.

scholarly journals Azimuthal Anchoring Strength in Photopatterned Alignment of a Nematic

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
H. Nilanthi Padmini ◽  
Mojtaba Rajabi ◽  
Sergij V. Shiyanovskii ◽  
Oleg D. Lavrentovich
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Point Defects ◽  
Elastic Energy ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Uv Exposure ◽  
Surface Anchoring ◽  
Anchoring Strength ◽  
Spatially Varying

Spatially-varying director fields have become an important part of research and development in liquid crystals. Characterization of the anchoring strength associated with a spatially-varying director is difficult, since the methods developed for a uniform alignment are seldom applicable. Here we characterize the strength of azimuthal surface anchoring produced by the photoalignment technique based on plasmonic metamsaks. The measurements used photopatterned arrays of topological point defects of strength +1 and −1 in thin layers of a nematic liquid crystal. The integer-strength defects split into pairs of half-integer defects with lower elastic energy. The separation distance between the split pair is limited by the azimuthal surface anchoring, which allows one to determine the strength of the latter. The strength of the azimuthal anchoring is proportional to the UV exposure time during the photoalignment of the azobenzene layer.

scholarly journals Evidence for a vertebrate catapult: elastic energy storage in the plantaris tendon during frog jumping

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry C. Astley ◽  
Thomas J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Elastic Energy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Angular Acceleration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Joint Motion ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Fascicle Length ◽  
Muscle Fascicle ◽  
Muscle Shortening

Anuran jumping is one of the most powerful accelerations in vertebrate locomotion. Several species are hypothesized to use a catapult-like mechanism to store and rapidly release elastic energy, producing power outputs far beyond the capability of muscle. Most evidence for this mechanism comes from measurements of whole-body power output; the decoupling of joint motion and muscle shortening expected in a catapult-like mechanism has not been demonstrated. We used high-speed marker-based biplanar X-ray cinefluoroscopy to quantify plantaris muscle fascicle strain and ankle joint motion in frogs in order to test for two hallmarks of a catapult mechanism: (i) shortening of fascicles prior to joint movement (during tendon stretch), and (ii) rapid joint movement during the jump without rapid muscle-shortening (during tendon recoil). During all jumps, muscle fascicles shortened by an average of 7.8 per cent (54% of total strain) prior to joint movement, stretching the tendon. The subsequent period of initial joint movement and high joint angular acceleration occurred with minimal muscle fascicle length change, consistent with the recoil of the elastic tendon. These data support the plantaris longus tendon as a site of elastic energy storage during frog jumping, and demonstrate that catapult mechanisms may be employed even in sub-maximal jumps.

Analysis the characteristic of energy and damage of coal-rock composite structure under cycle loading

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Li ◽  
Guangbo Chen ◽  
Zhongcheng Qin ◽  
Qinghai Li
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Elastic Energy ◽  
Composite Structure ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Damage Variable ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Coal Rock ◽  
The Stability

Abstract The stability of coal-rock composite structures is of great significance to coal mine safety production. To study the stability and deformation failure characteristics of the coal-rock composite structure, the uniaxial cyclic loading tests of the coal-rock composite structures with different coal-rock height ratios were carried out. Lithology and coal-rock height ratio play an important role in the energy dissipation of coal-rock composite structures. The higher the coal-rock height ratio, the greater the average elastic energy and dissipated energy produced per cycle of coal-rock composite structures, the smaller the total elastic energy and dissipated energy produced in the process of cyclic loading. Based on the difference of damage variables calculated by dissipative energy method and acoustic emission method, a more sensitive joint calculation method for calculating damage variable was proposed. The joint damage variable calculation method can more accurately and sensitively reflect the damage of coal-rock composite structure under cyclic loading. The macroscopic crack first appears in the coal specimen in the coal-rock composite structure, the degree of broken coal specimens in the composite structure is inversely proportional to the coal-rock height ratio. The strength and deformation characteristics of the coal-rock composite structure are mainly affected by coal sample in the composite structure.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Laser Scribed Supercapacitor Based on Polyimide for Energy Storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Malik ◽  
Shayan Naveed ◽  
Muhammad Muneer ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Super Capacitor ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Voltage Sweep ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
The Stability

Recently, supercapacitors have attracted a tremendous amount of attention as energy-storage devices due to their high-power density, fast charge–discharge ability, excellent reversibility, and long cycling life. In this research work, we demonstrate a laser scribed super capacitor based on polyimide (PI) substrate for the storage of electrical energy. PI substrate of thickness 200μm and area 1cm × 1cm was reduced by a laser engraver with a 450 nm wavelength in the form of stackable supercapacitor electrodes. Although, PI itself exhibits non-conductive behavior; however, by laser irradiation we change the surface properties of PI and reduce its resistance. The chemical property of irradiated PI was characterized with XRD where the carbon peak was observed at 2*theta = 25.44, which confirms the reduction of PI material in to a graphene-like substance. The electrical conductivity was analyzed with a probe station and observed to be 1.6mS. Two conductive regions were assembled into a capacitor device by sandwiching a PVA/H3PO4 electrolyte in between. During the charging and discharging characterization of the capacitor device, current density was observed to be 1.5mA/cm2. Capacitance versus voltage analysis was carried out and the device showed 75mF/cm2 against a voltage sweep of ±2V. The galvanostatic charging and discharging curve shows a symmetric behavior with respect to time exhibiting the stability and durability of the device.

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