scholarly journals Visual aspect-oriented modeling of explorable extended reality environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Flotyński
Keyword(s):  
3D Modeling ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Training Design ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Visual Approach ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
High Level ◽  
Aspect Oriented Modeling ◽  
Level Analysis

AbstractThe availability of various extended reality (XR) systems for tracking users’ and objects’ behavior opens new opportunities for analyzing users’ and objects’ interactions and autonomous actions. Such analysis can be especially useful and attainable to domain experts when it is based on domain knowledge related to a particular application, liberating the analysts from going into technical details of 3D content. Analysis of XR users’ and objects’ behavior can provide knowledge about the users’ experience, interests and preferences, as well as objects’ features, which may be valuable in various domains, e.g., training, design and marketing. However, the available methods and tools for building XR focus on 3D modeling and programming rather than knowledge representation, making them unsuitable for domain-oriented analysis. In this paper, a new visual approach to modeling explorable XR environments is proposed. It is based on a semantic representation of aspects, which extend the primary code of XR environments to register their behavior in a form explorable with reasoning and queries, appropriate for high-level analysis in arbitrary domains. It permits domain experts to comprehend and analyze what happened in an XR environment regarding users’ and objects’ actions and interactions. The approach has been implemented as an extension to MS Visual Studio and demonstrated in an explorable immersive service guide for household appliances. The evaluation results show that the approach enables efficient development of explorable XR and may be useful for people with limited technical skills.

scholarly journals Semantic Representation of Domain Knowledge for Professional VR Training

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-150
Author(s):  
Jakub Flotyński ◽  
Paweł Sobociński ◽  
Sergiusz Strykowski ◽  
Dominik Strugała ◽  
Paweł Buń ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Web Standards ◽  
Domain Specific Knowledge ◽  
Vr Training

Domain-specific knowledge representation is an essential element of efficient management of professional training. Formal and powerful knowledge representation for training systems can be built upon the semantic web standards, which enable reasoning and complex queries against the content. Virtual reality training is currently used in multiple domains, in particular, if the activities are potentially dangerous for the trainees or require advanced skills or expensive equipment. However, the available methods and tools for creating VR training systems do not use knowledge representation. Therefore, creation, modification and management of training scenarios is problematic for domain experts without expertise in programming and computer graphics. In this paper, we propose an approach to creating semantic virtual training scenarios, in which users’ activities, mistakes as well as equipment and its possible errors are represented using domain knowledge understandable to domain experts. We have verified the approach by developing a user-friendly editor of VR training scenarios for electrical operators of high-voltage installations.

FORMALIZING AND REASONING ABOUT THE REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATIONS OF WORKFLOW SYSTEMS

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 483-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
GOCE TRAJCEVSKI ◽  
CHITTA BARAL ◽  
JORGE LOBO
Keyword(s):  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Workflow Systems ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Process Specification ◽  
Requirements Specifications ◽  
Realistic Situation ◽  
One Step ◽  
High Level

This work addresses the problem of workflow requirements specifications considering the realistic assumptions that, it involves experts from different domains (i.e. representatives of different business policies); not all the possible execution scenarios are known beforehand, during the early stage of specification. In particular, since the main purpose of a workflow is to achieve a certain (bussiness) goal, we propose a formalism which enables the users to specify their requirements (and expectations) and test if the information that they have provided is, in a sense, sufficient for the workflow to behave "as desired", in terms of the goal. Our methodology allows domain experts to express not only their knowledge, but also the "ignorance" (the semantics allows for unknown values to reflect a realistic situation of agents dealing with incomplete information) and the possibility of occurrence of exceptional situations. As a basis for formalizing the process of equirements specifications, we are using the recent results on reasoning about actions. We propose a high level language AW which enables specifying the effects that activites have on the environment and how they should be coordinated. We also describe our prototype tool for process specification. Strictly speaking, in this work we go "one step" before actual analysis and design, and offer a formalism which enables the involved partners to see if the extent to which they have expressed their domain knowledge (which may sometimes be subject to a proprietary restricions) can satisfy the intended needs and behaviour of their product_to_be. We define an entailment relation which enables reasoning about the correctness of the specification, in terms of achieving a desired goal and, also testing about consequences of modifications in the workflow descriptions.

Differences between experts and novices when reading with navigational table of contents

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Lu ◽  
Jiyue Zhang ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Ji Li
Keyword(s):  
Full Text ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Text Understanding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the difference between experts and novices when reading with navigational table of contents (N-TOC). Experts refer to readers with high level of domain knowledge; novices refer to readers with low level of domain knowledge. Design/methodology/approach The authors performed a controlled experiment of three reading tasks (including fact finding task, partial understanding task, and full-text understanding task) on an N-TOC system for 35 post-graduates of Wuhan University who have rich experience in reading with N-TOC. Participants’ domain knowledge was measured by pre-experiment questionnaires; reading performance data including score, time, navigation use, and evaluation of N-TOC were collected. Findings The results showed that there was significant difference in neither navigation use nor participants’ evaluation, but domain experts performed significantly better in both score and time of all tasks than domain novices, which revealed an “illusion of control” phenomenon that rich experience in reading with N-TOC enabled domain novices to achieve the same performance as domain experts. In addition, this research found that N-TOC was not suitable for domain novices to solve full-text understanding task because of “cognitive overload” phenomenon. Originality/value This study makes a good contribution to the literature on the effect of domain knowledge on reading performance during N-TOC reading and how to provide better digital reading service in the field of library science and information science.

scholarly journals Developing Customer Preferences for Concept Generation by Using Engineering Ontologies

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxing Cao ◽  
Karthik Ramani ◽  
Zhanjun Li ◽  
Victor Raskin ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Knowledge Modeling ◽  
Customer Preference ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Customer Preferences ◽  
System Input ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

As customer preference is viewed as a reflection of desires for product features and even future product opportunities, it is crucial for the generation of design concepts. In this paper, a six-stage methodology is described for developing customer preference by using engineering ontology. The methodology mainly focuses upon understanding the product domain knowledge and preference concepts. A modeling process of the preference ontology for searching, indexing, and retrieving domain knowledge is described. The taxonomies of the customer preferences are elicited by classifying specific concepts. The definition of preference concepts and their ontological relationships are extracted. The objective is to allow product designers to generate customer preference ontologies for their specific products. At first, the documents or catalogs of design requirements are normalized by using ontology-based semantic representation. Design specification formalization is required for system input. A model of preference elicitation from customers is proposed based on ontology knowledge for concept generation. Secondly, the attributes of the customer preferences are classified by identifying the root concepts and developing a kind of preference taxonomy as well as their relationships to each other. They are mapped to engineering ontologies for driving high-level preference concept generation. A customer preference knowledge modeling is developed to construct a thesaurus for preference terms within the domain ontology. Finally, the evaluation and analysis are given to describe the validity of concept generation from customer preferences.

scholarly journals EthIR: A Framework for High-Level Analysis of Ethereum Bytecode

2018 ◽  
pp. 513-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Albert ◽  
Pablo Gordillo ◽  
Benjamin Livshits ◽  
Albert Rubio ◽  
Ilya Sergey
Keyword(s):  
High Level ◽  
Level Analysis

A Topic Modeling Approach to Study Design Requirements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Jesse Mullis ◽  
Beshoy Morkos
Keyword(s):  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Product Evolution ◽  
Engineering Changes ◽  
Collapsed Gibbs Sampling ◽  
Requirements Documents

Abstract Risk management is vital to a product’s lifecycle. The current practice of reducing risks relies on domain experts or management tools to identify unexpected engineering changes, where such approaches are prone to human errors and laborious operations. However, this study presents a framework to contribute to requirements management by implementing a generative probabilistic model, the supervised latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) with collapsed Gibbs sampling (CGS), to study the topic composition within three unlabeled and unstructured industrial requirements documents. As finding the preferred number of topics remains an open-ended question, a case study estimates an appropriate number of topics to represent each requirements document based on both perplexity and coherence values. Using human evaluations and interpretable visualizations, the result demonstrates the different level of design details by varying the number of topics. Further, a relevance measurement provides the flexibility to improve the quality of topics. Designers can increase design efficiency by understanding, organizing, and analyzing high-volume requirements documents in confirmation management based on topics across different domains. With domain knowledge and purposeful interpretation of topics, designers can make informed decisions on product evolution and mitigate the risks of unexpected engineering changes.

scholarly journals Generating Collaborative Systems for Digital Libraries: a Model-Driven Approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Malizia ◽  
Paolo Bottoni ◽  
S. Levialdi
Keyword(s):  
Digital Library ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Neutral Models ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

The design and development of a digital library involves different stakeholders, such as: information architects, librarians, and domain experts, who need to agree on a common language to describe, discuss, and negotiate the services the library has to offer. To this end, high-level, language-neutral models have to be devised. Metamodeling techniques favor the definition of domainspecific visual languages through which stakeholders can share their views and directly manipulate representations of the domain entities. This paper describes CRADLE (Cooperative-Relational Approach to Digital Library Environments), a metamodel-based framework and visual language for the definition of notions and services related to the development of digital libraries. A collection of tools allows the automatic generation of several services, defined with the CRADLE visual language, and of the graphical user interfaces providing access to them for the final user. The effectiveness of the approach is illustrated by presenting digital libraries generated with CRADLE, while the CRADLE environment has been evaluated by using the cognitive dimensions framework.

Comparison and Evaluation of Organizational Transactions for Continuous Auditing and Business Compliance

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Rui Pedro Marques ◽  
Henrique Santos ◽  
Carlos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Continuous Auditing ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Ontological Model ◽  
High Level ◽  
Execution Pattern

This article presents a comparator module which aims to compare, in real time, executions of organizational transactions with patterns of behaviors of these transaction executions, allowing the determination of which execution pattern is being followed by running each transaction. This is according to information received by the internal control mechanisms, which continuously monitors the transaction executions. A possible application using this module was deployed and results were obtained from a case study. The results prove effectiveness of the module, mainly because it is able to assess business compliance and the qualitative risk associated to each transaction execution while it is running, enabling an efficient continuous auditing application. The innovation of this article is ensured by the use of an ontological model to represent organizational transactions, which can be applicable to any type of transaction in any business area in order to audit transactions at a very low level, contrary to what happens in traditional auditing, which occurs at a high level (e.g. compare whether a completed transaction has followed a set of procedures). Besides the conceptualization, this work presents some technical details of development and discussion of results from the case study.

scholarly journals Validation of open-source science tools and background model construction in γ-ray astronomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 632 ◽  
pp. A72
Author(s):  
L. Mohrmann ◽  
A. Specovius ◽  
D. Tiziani ◽  
S. Funk ◽  
D. Malyshev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Background Model ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Classical Analysis ◽  
Background Estimation ◽  
Likelihood Analysis ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Analysis

In classical analyses of γ-ray data from imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs), such as the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.), aperture photometry, or photon counting, is applied in a (typically circular) region of interest (RoI) encompassing the source. A key element in the analysis is to estimate the amount of background in the RoI due to residual cosmic ray-induced air showers in the data. Various standard background estimation techniques have been developed in the last decades, most of them rely on a measurement of the background from source-free regions within the observed field of view. However, in particular in the Galactic plane, source analysis and background estimation are hampered by the large number of, sometimes overlapping, γ-ray sources and large-scale diffuse γ-ray emission. For complicated fields of view, a three-dimensional (3D) likelihood analysis shows the potential to be superior to classical analysis. In this analysis technique, a spectromorphological model, consisting of one or multiple source components and a background component, is fitted to the data, resulting in a complete spectral and spatial description of the field of view. For the application to IACT data, the major challenge of such an approach is the construction of a robust background model. In this work, we apply the 3D likelihood analysis to various test data recently made public by the H.E.S.S. collaboration, using the open analysis frameworks ctools and Gammapy. First, we show that, when using these tools in a classical analysis approach and comparing to the proprietary H.E.S.S. analysis framework, virtually identical high-level analysis results, such as field-of-view maps and spectra, are obtained. We then describe the construction of a generic background model from data of H.E.S.S. observations, and demonstrate that a 3D likelihood analysis using this background model yields high-level analysis results that are highly compatible with those obtained from the classical analyses. This validation of the 3D likelihood analysis approach on experimental data is an important step towards using this method for IACT data analysis, and in particular for the analysis of data from the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA).

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of 3D virtual tours as a cognitive basis of Chemistry laboratories at UTSV

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Esbeidy Gómez-Manuel ◽  
Margarita Dominguez-Campomanes ◽  
Elena Ortíz-Hernández ◽  
Luz Alondra Katt-Morales
Keyword(s):  
3D Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Training Design ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Chemistry Teachers ◽  
Degree Of Acceptance ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
Chemistry Laboratories ◽  
Technological University

The objective of this article is to develop virtual tours in three dimensions (3D) of the Chemistry laboratories of the Technological University of the Southeast of Veracruz (UTSV). For its progress, it was carried out: analysis, selection, training, design, development and integration of software and hardware tools. The same ones that were necessary for the development of virtual reality on 3D modeling of the General Chemistry, Instrumental Analysis and Chemical Plants laboratories, achieving a product that would allow university students to be approached virtually, and thus be able to know the spaces and devices located in each laboratory, where it presents the description of the operation of each of the equipment, by means of multimedia effects accompanied by an avatar within the virtual tour. Finally, the final result was evaluated with a group of students with the support of the Chemistry teachers and knowledgeable about the laboratory spaces, where the degree of acceptance and perception was obtained as a consequence through a survey carried out.

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