scholarly journals Pes cavus and hereditary neuropathies: when a relationship should be suspected

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Piazza ◽  
G. Ricci ◽  
E. Caldarazzo Ienco ◽  
C. Carlesi ◽  
L. Volpi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Foot Deformities ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathies ◽  
Pes Cavus ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Distal Muscle ◽  
Hammer Toes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Hereditary Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Intrinsic Muscles

Abstract The hereditary peripheral neuropathies are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of diseases of the peripheral nervous system. Foot deformities, including the common pes cavus, but also hammer toes and twisting of the ankle, are frequently present in patients with hereditary peripheral neuropathy, and often represent one of the first signs of the disease. Pes cavus in hereditary peripheral neuropathies is caused by imbalance between the intrinsic muscles of the foot and the muscles of the leg. Accurate clinical evaluation in patients with pes cavus is necessary to exclude or confirm the presence of peripheral neuropathy. Hereditary peripheral neuropathies should be suspected in those cases with bilateral foot deformities, in the presence of family history for pes cavus and/or gait impairment, and in the presence of neurological symptoms or signs, such as distal muscle hypotrophy of limbs. Herein, we review the hereditary peripheral neuropathies in which pes cavus plays a key role as a “spy sign,” discussing the clinical and molecular features of these disorders to highlight the importance of pes cavus as a helpful clinical sign in these rare diseases.

scholarly journals Nodes, paranodes and neuropathies

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janev Fehmi ◽  
Steven S Scherer ◽  
Hugh J Willison ◽  
Simon Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathies ◽  
Autoimmune Neuropathy ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
Clinical Variants ◽  
Inflammatory Neuropathies ◽  
The Common ◽  
Treatment Responsiveness

This review summarises recent evidence supporting the involvement of the specialised nodal and perinodal domains (the paranode and juxtaparanode) of myelinated axons in the pathology of acquired, inflammatory, peripheral neuropathies.The identification of new target antigens in the inflammatory neuropathies heralds a revolution in diagnosis, and has already begun to inform increasingly targeted and individualised therapies. Rapid progress in our basic understanding of the highly specialised nodal regions of peripheral nerves serves to strengthen the links between their unique microstructural identities, functions and pathologies. In this context, the detection of autoantibodies directed against nodal and perinodal targets is likely to be of increasing clinical importance. Antiganglioside antibodies have long been used in clinical practice as diagnostic serum biomarkers, and associate with specific clinical variants but not to the common forms of either acute or chronic demyelinating autoimmune neuropathy. It is now apparent that antibodies directed against several region-specific cell adhesion molecules, including neurofascin, contactin and contactin-associated protein, can be linked to phenotypically distinct peripheral neuropathies. Importantly, the immunological characteristics of these antibodies facilitate the prediction of treatment responsiveness.

scholarly journals Whole-body vibration as a modality for the rehabilitation of peripheral neuropathies: implications for cancer survivors suffering from chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna L.J. Verhulst ◽  
Hans H.C.M. Savelberg ◽  
Gerard Vreugdenhil ◽  
Massimo Mischi ◽  
Goof Schep
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathies ◽  
Body Vibration

The objective was to study the effect of whole-body vibration (WBV) on strength, balance and pain in patients with peripheral neuropathies and to consider its significance for the rehabilitation of patients suffering from chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Using a broad search strategy, PubMed was searched for clinical trials on WBV interventions aimed at improving strength, balance or pain in patients with peripheral neuropathies, which were published in English until 5th June 2014. The search was performed by the first author and generated a total of 505 results, which yielded 5 articles that met the inclusion criteria, being studies: i) published in English; ii) involving adult human subjects’ peripheral neuropathies; iii) evaluating the effect of WBV as a therapeutic intervention; and iv) reporting findings for at least one of the following outcomes: strength, balance or pain. Methodological quality of included studies was assessed independently by first and second author, using the physiotherapy evidence database scale. The overall methodological quality of included studies was low. Two studies found a beneficial effect of WBV on neuropathic pain, but another study failed to find the same effect. One study found significant improvements in both muscle strength and balance, while another study found improvements only in some, but not all, of the applied tests to measure muscle strength and balance. The results of this literature search suggest insufficient evidence to assess the effectiveness for the effects of WBV on neuropathic pain, muscle strength and balance in patients with peripheral neuropathies. More high-quality trials are needed to guide the optimization of rehabilitation programs for cancer survivors with CIPN in particular.

HIV-1-Associated Neuropathies

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Verma ◽  
Walter G. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathies ◽  
Toxic Neuropathy ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Sensory Polyneuropathy

AbstractPeripheral neuropathy associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is a major cause of morbidity in this patient population. Due to the associated chronic pain, its management has come within the purview of neuropsychiatrists. This paper will focus on the primary pathogenic aspects of HIV-1–associated peripheral neuropathies. The specific syndromes of greatest concern are distal sensory polyneuropathy, toxic neuropathy, inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, and cytomegalovirus-related progressive polyradiculoneuropathy. The treatments available for these conditions and their efficacy are discussed.

scholarly journals Paraproteinemia associated Peripheral Neuropathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-77
Author(s):  
Sajin Rajbhandary
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Patient Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Neuropathy

Peripheral Neuropathy can be acute or gradual over the years turning severe and quite debilitating to the patient. Diabetes, Alcohol or Drugs are some of the common causes of neuropathies however a small percentage of patients can present with paraproteinemia. The cause of paraproteinemia in these patients range from benign to serious malignant disorders such as Multiple Myeloma. We here report a case of an elderly patient who had to visit multiple center for over 4 months for his chronic neuropathy. Following extensive workup, he was started on an immunomodulating agent and glucocorticoids. Patient has remained free of disease and symptom free throughout treatment and thereafter.

A 68-Year-Old Male with Progressive Numbness and Gait Difficulties

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Cohen ◽  
Justin J. Mowchun ◽  
Victoria H. Lawson ◽  
Nathaniel M. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathies ◽  
Hematologic Disease ◽  
Monoclonal Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Hematological Evaluation

Paraproteinemic demyelinating peripheral neuropathies require specific diagnostic and management approaches. The clinical features as well as the type of monoclonal protein and possible associated antibodies are all important considerations in evaluation and management of these complex presentations. It is important to recognize anti-myelin associated glycoproteins positive peripheral neuropathy, which is associated with IgM gammopathy, and typically presents with a sensory ataxia. Hematologic disease may mimic chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. This chapter also describes the role of hematological evaluation for patients with peripheral neuropathy and a monoclonal gammopathy.

A 59-Year-Old Man with Progressive Difficulties with Balance and Weight Loss

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Cohen ◽  
Justin J. Mowchun ◽  
Victoria H. Lawson ◽  
Nathaniel M. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Cerebral Spinal Fluid ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathies ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
Paraneoplastic Neuropathy ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Paraneoplastic Antibody

Paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathies are rare but important to consider in the evaluation of subacute peripheral neuropathy. The clinical and electrophysiological pattern as well as antibody evaluation is essential order to identify a specific paraneoplastic neuropathy. A positive paraneoplastic antibody in the cerebral spinal fluid is not required to make the diagnosis, but is helpful to consider if the serum antibodies are negative. This chapter emphasizes the importance of differential diagnosis and work up. Treatment options are described. Immunotherapy is also an important consideration.

Peripheral neuropathy after high-dose cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, and asparaginase consolidation for acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
B L Powell ◽  
R L Capizzi ◽  
E S Lyerly ◽  
M R Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Systemic Therapy ◽  
Cytosine Arabinoside ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathies ◽  
Consolidation Chemotherapy ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Neurotoxic Effects ◽  
Peripheral Motor

Two patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) developed peripheral motor and sensory neuropathies after consolidation chemotherapy with high-dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), daunorubicin, and asparaginase. Evidence for ara-C and daunorubicin-induced peripheral neuropathies is reported. Despite the frequent use of these agents, only two cases of peripheral neuropathy after systemic therapy have been previously described; neurotoxic effects may be potentiated and become clinically important when the three drugs are used in combination.

scholarly journals Innovative Approach for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study With the Hilotherm Device, the Poliambulanza Hospital Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153473542094328
Author(s):  
Ester Oneda ◽  
Fausto Meriggi ◽  
Laura Zanotti ◽  
Elisabetta Zaina ◽  
Sara Bighè ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
European Organization ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
The Common ◽  
Hands And Feet

Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is an adverse event of taxanes, with no effective prevention or treatment available and a highly negative impact on patient quality of life. The aim of this study is to asses that the constant application of cooled cuffs on the hands and feet prevent and mitigate CIPN. Methods: Patients with breast, gynecologic, and pancreatic cancer who received weekly paclitaxel (PTX), PTX/carboplatin, and nab-paclitaxel (nab-PTX)/gemcitabine for any indication at the therapeutic scheduled dosage were included in this prospective study. Hilotherm Chemo care device forms a closed-loop system with cuffs and tubes through which a coolant flows at a temperature of 10 °C. CIPN was monitored using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (edition 3.0), and the tolerability and side effects were scored by using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (T4.03 2017). Results: To date, we have enrolled 64 patients. Of these, 54 (84%) completed all cooling cycles. Continuous cooling was well tolerated by all patients. No patients had grade >2 CIPN or had serious or lasting adverse events as a result of Hilotherapy. The median time to CIPN onset was 77 days for the entire population. Conclusion: Hilotherapy has good effectiveness and tolerability and seems to be able to prevent or reduce the symptoms of CIPN. We are still recruiting patients to obtain more data and to collect data at 3 months after the end of chemotherapy. Prospective studies seem to be warranted.

scholarly journals Liver cancer stem cells as a hierarchical society: yes or no?

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 723-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanzhuo Gu ◽  
Xin Zheng ◽  
Junfang Ji
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cells possessing abilities of self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity in NOD/SCID mice. Based on this definition, multiple cell surface markers (such as CD24, CD133, CD90, and EpCAM) as well as chemical methods are discovered to enrich liver CSCs in the recent decade. Accumulated studies have revealed molecular signatures and signaling pathways involved in regulating different liver CSCs. Among liver CSCs positive for different markers, some molecular features and regulatory pathways are commonly shared, while some are only unique in certain CSC populations. These studies imply that liver CSCs exhibit diverse heterogeneity, while a functional relationship also exists. The aim of this review is to revisit the society of liver CSCs and summarize the common or unique molecular features of known liver CSCs. We hope to call for attention of researchers on the relationship of the liver CSC subgroups and to provide clues on the hierarchical structure of the liver CSC society.

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