Temporal Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of Fecal Escherichia coli from Deer

EcoHealth ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Ballash ◽  
Lohendy Munoz-Vargas ◽  
Amy Albers ◽  
Patricia M. Dennis ◽  
Jeffrey T. LeJeune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Temporal Trends

scholarly journals Temporal Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence-Associated Traits within the Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 Clonal Group and ItsH30 andH30-Rx Subclones, 1968 to 2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 6886-6895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bente Olesen ◽  
Jakob Frimodt-Møller ◽  
Rikke Fleron Leihof ◽  
Carsten Struve ◽  
Brian Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Biofilm Production

ABSTRACTTo identify possible explanations for the recent global emergence ofEscherichia colisequence type (ST) 131 (ST131), we analyzed temporal trends within ST131 O25 for antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes, biofilm formation, and theH30 andH30-Rx subclones. For this, we surveyed the WHOE. coliandKlebsiellaCentre'sE. colicollection (1957 to 2011) for ST131 isolates, characterized them extensively, and assessed them for temporal trends. Overall, antimicrobial resistance increased temporally in prevalence and extent, due mainly to the recent appearance of theH30 (1997) andH30-Rx (2005) ST131 subclones. In contrast, neither the total virulence gene content nor the prevalence of biofilm production increased temporally, although non-H30 isolates increasingly qualified as extraintestinal pathogenicE. coli(ExPEC). Whereas virotype D occurred from 1968 forward, virotypes A and C occurred only after 2000 and 2002, respectively, in association with theH30andH30-Rx subclones, which were characterized by multidrug resistance (including extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase [ESBL] production:H30-Rx) and absence of biofilm production. Capsular antigen K100 occurred exclusively amongH30-Rx isolates (55% prevalence). Pulsotypes corresponded broadly with subclones and virotypes. Thus, ST131 should be regarded not as a unitary entity but as a group of distinctive subclones, with its increasing antimicrobial resistance having a strong clonal basis, i.e., the emergence of theH30 andH30-Rx ST131 subclones, rather than representing acquisition of resistance by diverse ST131 strains. Distinctive characteristics of theH30-Rx subclone—including specific virulence genes (iutA,afaanddra,kpsII), the K100 capsule, multidrug resistance, and ESBL production—possibly contributed to epidemiologic success, and some (e.g., K100) might serve as vaccine targets.

scholarly journals Commensal Escherichia coli Antimicrobial Resistance and Multidrug-Resistance Dynamics during Broiler Growing Period: Commercial vs. Improved Farm Conditions

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005
Author(s):  
Laura Montoro-Dasi ◽  
Arantxa Villagra ◽  
Sandra Sevilla-Navarro ◽  
Maria Teresa Pérez-Gracia ◽  
Santiago Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Horizontal Resistance ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
Field Level ◽  
Poultry Houses ◽  
Growing Conditions

New measures applied to reduce antimicrobial resistances (AMR) at field level in broiler production are focused on improving animals’ welfare and resilience. However, it is necessary to have better knowledge of AMR epidemiology. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate AMR and multidrug resistance (MDR) dynamics during the rearing of broilers under commercial (33 kg/m2 density and max. 20 ppm ammonia) and improved (17 kg/m2 density and max. 10 ppm ammonia) farm conditions. Day-old chicks were housed in two poultry houses (commercial vs. improved), and no antimicrobial agents were administered at any point. Animals were sampled at arrival day, mid-period and at slaughter day. High AMR rates were observed throughout rearing. No statistical differences were observed between groups. Moreover, both groups presented high MDR at slaughter day. These results could be explained by vertical or horizontal resistance acquisition. In conclusion, AMR and MDR are present throughout rearing. Moreover, although a lower level of MDR was observed at mid-period in animals reared under less intensive conditions, no differences were found at the end. In order to reduce the presence of AMR bacteria in poultry, further studies are needed to better understand AMR acquisition and prevalence in differing broiler growing conditions.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance and genomic characterisation of Escherichia coli isolated from caged and non-caged retail table eggs in Western Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 109054
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Sodagari ◽  
Penghao Wang ◽  
Ian Robertson ◽  
Sam Abraham ◽  
Shafi Sahibzada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Western Australia

scholarly journals Genomic evolution of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon ◽  
Markus Hans Kristofer Johansson ◽  
Patrick Munk ◽  
Burkhard Malorny ◽  
Magdalena Skarżyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Genetic Elements

AbstractThe emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the biggest health threats globally. In addition, the use of antimicrobial drugs in humans and livestock is considered an important driver of antimicrobial resistance. The commensal microbiota, and especially the intestinal microbiota, has been shown to have an important role in the emergence of AMR. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) also play a central role in facilitating the acquisition and spread of AMR genes. We isolated Escherichia coli (n = 627) from fecal samples in respectively 25 poultry, 28 swine, and 15 veal calf herds from 6 European countries to investigate the phylogeny of E. coli at country, animal host and farm levels. Furthermore, we examine the evolution of AMR in E. coli genomes including an association with virulence genes, plasmids and MGEs. We compared the abundance metrics retrieved from metagenomic sequencing and whole genome sequenced of E. coli isolates from the same fecal samples and farms. The E. coli isolates in this study indicated no clonality or clustering based on country of origin and genetic markers; AMR, and MGEs. Nonetheless, mobile genetic elements play a role in the acquisition of AMR and virulence genes. Additionally, an abundance of AMR was agreeable between metagenomic and whole genome sequencing analysis for several AMR classes in poultry fecal samples suggesting that metagenomics could be used as an indicator for surveillance of AMR in E. coli isolates and vice versa.

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