Rheological Study of Synovial Fluid Obtained from Dogs: Healthy, Pathological, and Post-Surgery, after Spontaneous Rupture of Cranial Cruciate Ligament

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas B. Goudoulas ◽  
Eleftherios G. Kastrinakis ◽  
Stavros G. Nychas ◽  
Lysimachos G. Papazoglou ◽  
George M. Kazakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Spontaneous Rupture ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Rheological Study ◽  
Post Surgery

scholarly journals Lymphocyte Subsets in Stifle Joint Synovial Fluid of Dogs with Spontaneous Rupture of the Cranial Cruciate Ligament

2004 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Faldyna ◽  
J. Zatloukal ◽  
L. Leva ◽  
P. Kohout ◽  
A. Nečas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Spontaneous Rupture ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Stifle Joint

scholarly journals Evaluation of serum MMP-2 and MMP-3, synovial fluid IL-8, MCP-1, and KC concentrations as biomarkers of stifle osteoarthritis associated with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament rupture in dogs

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242614
Author(s):  
Sarah Malek ◽  
Hsin-Yi Weng ◽  
Shannon A. Martinson ◽  
Mark C. Rochat ◽  
Romain Béraud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Discriminative Performance ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Veterinary Pathologist ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study was to evaluate matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) -2 and MMP-3 in serum, and keratinocyte-derived chemoattractant (KC), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant 1 (MCP-1) in synovial fluid (SF) as stifle osteoarthritis (OA) biomarkers in dogs. Dogs with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture (OA group) and healthy controls were recruited. Stifles with CrCL deficiency were surgically stabilized. Serum, SF, and synovial biopsy samples were collected from the OA group preoperatively, whereas samples were collected once from control dogs. A blinded veterinary pathologist graded synovial biopsies. Serum and SF analyses were performed using xMAP technology. General linear regression was used for statistical comparisons of serum biomarkers, and mixed linear regression for SF biomarkers and temporal concentration changes. The overall discriminative ability was quantified using area under curve (AUC). Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to assess correlations between synovial histology grades and the biomarkers. Samples from 62 dogs in the OA group and 50 controls were included. The MMP-2 and MMP-3 concentrations between the OA and control groups were not significantly different, and both with an AUC indicating a poor discriminative ability. All three SF biomarker concentrations were significantly different between the OA group and controls (P <0.05). The MCP-1 was the only biomarker showing an acceptable discriminative performance with an AUC of 0.91 (95% confidence interval: 0.83–0.98). The sum of the inflammatory infiltrate score was significantly correlated with all three SF biomarkers (P <0.01). Summed synovial stroma, and all scores combined were significantly correlated with IL-8 and MCP-1 concentrations (P <0.003), and the summed synoviocyte scores were significantly correlated with MCP-1 concentrations (P <0.001). Correlations between MCP-1 concentrations and synovial histopathologic grading and its discriminative ability suggest its potential as a synovitis biomarker in canine stifle OA associated with CrCL rupture.

Examination of synovial fluid and serum following intravenous injections of hyaluronan for the treatment of osteoarthritis in dogs

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Cross ◽  
M. P. Brown ◽  
D. D. Lewis ◽  
J. Hernandez ◽  
K. A. Merritt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

SummaryA randomized, blinded, prospective clinical trial was performed to determine the effects of intravenous (IV) administration of hyaluronan sodium (HA) on serum glycosaminoglycans (GAG) concentrations, synovial fluid (SF) hyaluronan concentrations and viscosity in dogs treated for unilateral rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament. Twenty-two dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy were used in this study. Synovial fluid from both stifles and serum were collected prior to surgery and at 2, 4, and 8 weeks following surgery. Dogs received either 1.0 ml (10 mg) of sodium hyaluronate (treatment group 1; n = 10) or equal volume of 0.9% NaCl (treatment group 2; n = 12), IV immediately, 2 and 4 weeks following surgery. Synovial fluid viscosity was evaluated using a magnetically driven, acoustically tracked, translating-ball rheometer. Synovial fluid HA disaccharide content was measured by fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis. Serum GAG concentrations were measured by alcian blue spectrophotometric assay. Data were analyzed using a Wilcoxon sign rank test (p<0.05). Mean ± SD viscosity (cP) was significantly higher (p=0.011) in SF obtained from the intact stifle (450 ± 604.1) than injured (54.8 ± 60.8) prior to surgery. Mean ± SD HA concentrations (ug/ml) were significantly higher (p=0.02) in synovial fluid obtained from the injured stifles (281.4 ± 145.9) than intact stifles (141.6 ± 132.5). No significant difference was noted within or between treatment groups in SF viscosity, HA concentrations, or serum GAG concentrations at any time following surgery. Stifles with cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency had significant alterations in SF viscosity and HA concentrations.

Bacterial Culture of the Canine Stifle Joint following Surgical Repair of Ruptured Cranial Cruciate Ligament

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 01-05 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Conzemius ◽  
G. K. Smith ◽  
P. M. McManus ◽  
D. Maloney ◽  
C. M. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Satisfactory Outcome

SummaryThe purpose of this project was to determine if chronic, low grade bacterial contamination is associated with an unsatisfactory outcome of cranial cruciate ligament (CCL ) repair. Additionally, signalment and physical examination findings were compared between dogs doing well and dogs doing poorly. A sample of synovial fluid was obtained from the stifle joints of dogs with either a satisfactory or an unsatisfactory long term outcome following extra-capsular CCL repair. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial cultures were obtained and antibiotic sensitivities determined. Significant differences were not found between the two groups with regards to the frequency of positive cultures, signalment, or synovial fluid analyses. The dogs with an unsatisfactory outcome did have significantly more pain, less range of motion, and less cranial drawer signs than dogs with a satisfactory outcome. Chronic, low grade bacterial contamination is not associated with an unsatisfactory clinical outcome and, in general, appears to be an uncommon sequela to CCL repair. Physical examination findings suggest that elimination of cranial drawer is not a major determinant of clinical success of the procedure.Synovial fluid cultures and physical exam findings were compared in dogs doing well and dogs doing poorly following cranial cruciate ligament repair.

scholarly journals Synovial fluid lubricin increases in spontaneous canine cruciate ligament rupture

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyan Wang ◽  
David W. Gludish ◽  
Kei Hayashi ◽  
Rory J. Todhunter ◽  
Ursula Krotscheck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Joint Injury ◽  
Boundary Lubricant ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Large Animals

Abstract Lubricin is an important boundary lubricant and chondroprotective glycoprotein in synovial fluid. Both increased and decreased synovial fluid lubricin concentrations have been reported in experimental post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) animal models and in naturally occurring joint injuries in humans and animals, with no consensus about how lubricin is altered in different species or injury types. Increased synovial fluid lubricin has been observed following intra-articular fracture in humans and horses and in human late-stage osteoarthritis; however, it is unknown how synovial lubricin is affected by knee-destabilizing injuries in large animals. Spontaneous rupture of cranial cruciate ligament (RCCL), the anterior cruciate ligament equivalent in quadrupeds, is a common injury in dogs often accompanied by OA. Here, clinical records, radiographs, and synovial fluid samples from 30 dogs that sustained RCCL and 9 clinically healthy dogs were analyzed. Synovial fluid lubricin concentrations were nearly 16-fold greater in RCCL joints as compared to control joints, while IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α concentrations did not differ between groups. Synovial fluid lubricin concentrations were correlated with the presence of radiographic OA and were elevated in three animals sustaining RCCL injury prior to the radiographic manifestation of OA, indicating that lubricin may be a potential biomarker for early joint injury.

MMP-2 as an early synovial biomarker for cranial cruciate ligament disease in dogs

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Danger ◽  
Q. Cabon ◽  
M. Rabillard ◽  
S. Brouard ◽  
B. Bouvy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease ◽  
Serum Crp

SummaryObjectives: To measure the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and -9 in synovial fluid from the stifle joints of dogs with cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture and to compare that to values from contralateral stifle joints and dogs with clinically normal stifle joints. Additionally, the C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were also measured.Methods: Fourteen large breed dogs with unilateral CrCL rupture and 11 large breed normal dogs were included in this prospective clinical study. Synovial fluid was collected from CrCL-ruptured stifle joints, contralateral clinically normal stifle joints of the same dogs, and stifle joints of normal dogs. Serum was also collected. Synovial fluid activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and serum CRP level were measured.Results: The MMP-2 activity in synovial fluid was significantly higher in CrCL-ruptured joints compared to contralateral joints and to stifles from normal dogs. There was no significant difference in activity of MMP-2 in contralateral joints of CrCL-ruptured dogs compared to normal dogs. Both serum CRP level and MMP-9 activity did not differ significantly between the studied conditions.Clinical significance: It was confirmed that MMP-2 activity is significantly related to CrCL rupture, but there was a failure to demonstrate any significant increase in the contralateral joints compared to the stifle joints of normal dogs. The MMP-2 involvement in progressing CrCL disease still has to be defined.

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