scholarly journals An update on the ecological distribution of Ixodid ticks infesting cattle in Rwanda: countrywide cross-sectional survey in the wet and the dry season

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bazarusanga ◽  
Dirk Geysen ◽  
Jozef Vercruysse ◽  
Maxime Madder
Keyword(s):  
Dry Season ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Some observations on ticks (Acari : Ixodidae) infesting sheep in River Nile Province of Northern Sudan

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.M. Ahmed ◽  
A.M. El Hussein ◽  
A.O. El Khider
Keyword(s):  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
River Nile ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hyalomma Anatolicum Anatolicum ◽  
Rhipicephalus Evertsi Evertsi ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tick Load

Five species of ixodid ticks were found in a cross-sectional survey in which 200 sheep were examined for ticks in River Nile Province, Sudan. Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum was the predominant species (73.6 %), whereas ticks belonging to the Rhipicephalus sanguineus group (14.7 %), Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi (9.1 %), Rhipicephalus simus (2 %) and Hyalomma dromedarii (0.5 %) were also found. The mean tick load was 11.2 per animal. In a subsequent longitudinal survey ticks were collected on a monthly basis from eight sentinel sheep that were introduced into the area. It was found that H. a. anatolicum almost disappeared during the hot period between April and August, whereas it's highest numbers were present in winter between November and February. It is concluded that there is only one generation of H. a. anatolicum per year, which may explain the yearround appearance of clinical cases of malignant ovine theileriosis indicating endemic instability of this disease in River Nile Province.

scholarly journals Assessment of Off-season Water Supply Situation: The Case of Abetifi in the Kwahu-East District of Ghana

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
John Adu Kumi ◽  
Philemon Obiri Afari ◽  
Beatrice Nyarko
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Community People

The study aims to investigate the characterising features of off-season water supplies in the Kwahu-Abetifi Township, situated in the Kwahu-East District of Ghana. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was employed for this research. The study was conducted in the Kwahu East district of Ghana during August 2017 to December 2017. A stratified sampling technique was employed to select 200 respondents for this study. Respondents were interviewed using prepared and validated questionnaires. Data obtained from the completed questionnaires were analysed by using the statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The community people including school-going children, covered long distances and stayed in long queues to access water. They, however, spend long time in accessing water for their use in homes during the dry season. Durations respondents (n= 200) used in accessing water and returning to their homes were as follows: Approximately 15 minutes (10%); 20 minutes (16%); 35 minutes (22%); and more than 40 minutes (52%). The accessed water was perceived to be good (68%) and could be used for several domestic purposes including drinking (19%), cooking (47%), bathing and washing (34%). The study underscored the need for the revamp of broken down water supply systems in the study area and expansion of existing ones by Government to ease and improve accessibility for adequate and potable water supplies mainly during the dry season.  

scholarly journals Bovine Babesiosis and Distribution of Ixodid Ticks in Dasenech and Salamago District, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haben Fesseha Gebremeskel ◽  
Mesfin Mathewos Abose ◽  
Eyob Eshetu Bekele ◽  
Bereket Tefera Chido
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Bovine Babesiosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tick Infection

Background: Babesiosis and its tick carriers cause serious problems for cattle and are among the common protozoan blood parasites in Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from September 2019 to August 2020 to identify babesiosis in cattle and its tick vectors in extensively managed livestock in Dasenech and Salamago District South Omo Ethiopia. A total of 470 blood samples were collected for identification of hemoparasite using a thin blood smear followed by the Giemsa staining method and Packed Cell Volume (PCV) determination for detection of anemia. Results: Accordingly, the overall prevalence of bovine babesiosis in the study districts were 21.7% and Babesia bigemina (15.53%) and B. bovis (6.17%) were identified during this study. Factors such as age, sex, body condition score, season, tick burden, and level of tick Infection were considered as risk factors; yet, the season and level of tick Infection were found significantly associated (p< 0.05) with the occurrence of babesiosis. Besides, the mean PCV value of infected cattle (21.49%) was lower than non-infected animals (28.29%) which shows there was a strong correlation (p=0.0001) between anemia and Babesiosis. The prevalence of tick Infection was 86.17% (405/470) and a total of 8040 ticks adult ticks belonging to four tick genera namely Amblyomma (32.34%), Boophilus (18.51%), Hyalomma (18.94%), and Rhipicephalus (16.38%) were identified and all have a significant role (p< 0.05) on the occurrence of babesiosis in cattle. Conclusion: Bovine babesiosis is an important hemoparasitic protozoan disease of cattle in the study areas. To address and manage the problem, nearby veterinary service systems need to diagnose blood parasites and provide alternatives, especially for tick-borne diseases. Also, it is essential to customize appropriate and integrated tick control measures and tactical treatment of overt bovine babesiosis clinical cases.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Knowledge of Lassa Fever Epidemic Among Patients Presented for Treatment in Owo Between 2018-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-110
Author(s):  
Ohemeng-Parker N.Y. ◽  
Chukwuyem A.
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Lassa Fever ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Quantitative Aspect ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Lassa fever outbreaks are known to occur during the dry season (November to April), however, in recent years, cases have also occurred during the rainy season. The study therefore examined the Spatio-temporal pattern and knowledge of Lassa fever epidemics in Owo, Ondo state, Nigeria, 2018-2020. This study adopted a combination of hospital case review and a cross-sectional survey research design. Population for the quantitative aspect was a hospital of 301 individuals addressed for the cluster analyses and 407 treated patients for the questionnaire survey in Owo LGA. A validated questionnaire and data extraction form was used to collect the quantitative data. Cronbach’s Alpha reliability test was 0.881. Data was analyzed using Google-Earth Pro, SaTScan and SPSS 27.0 (inferential and descriptive). The result showed that Ehin-Ogbe Street, Aruwajoye street and Oke-Dogbon street as the highest cluster locations of cases of Lassa Fever in Owo LGA. There is a peak period of Lassa fever cases in the dry season, from November to February. 45.7% had an average level of knowledge of Lassa Fever. The most statistically significant cluster (p – 0.00048) in space and time occurred in April 2019. This was at the peri-urban area proximal to Ilale-Osijogun (Idasen) villages and environs. This occurred after an earlier significant outbreak precisely a year earlier in May 2018 at Iyere sub-urban area of Owo city. The largest outbreak subsequently occurred over a 5-month period (August-December 2020). This may be a combination of community transmission, after the two-initial human-animal (zoonotic) transmission phase of 2018-2019. The study recommends primary prevention of rodent-borne diseases can be achieved by avoiding contact with rodents. In improving human behavioural changes, health education strategies should encourage clearing up of bushes, heaps of firewood and rubble around homes as these serve as shelter for rodents. Government should provide adequate supply of PPE for both urban and rural health facilities to assure there are no shortages at the facilities

Testing the Strain Theory of Suicide – The Moderating Role of Social Support

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Lew ◽  
Ksenia Chistopolskaya ◽  
Yanzheng Liu ◽  
Mansor Abu Talib ◽  
Olga Mitina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Strains ◽  
Moderating Role

Abstract. Background: According to the strain theory of suicide, strains, resulting from conflicting and competing pressures in an individual's life, are hypothesized to precede suicide. But social support is an important factor that can mitigate strains and lessen their input in suicidal behavior. Aims: This study was designed to assess the moderating role of social support in the relation between strain and suicidality. Methods: A sample of 1,051 employees were recruited in Beijing, the capital of China, through an online survey. Moderation analysis was performed using SPSS PROCESS Macro. Social support was measured with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and strains were assessed with the Psychological Strains Scale. Results: Psychological strains are a good predictor of suicidality, and social support, a basic need for each human being, moderates and decreases the effects of psychological strains on suicidality. Limitations: The cross-sectional survey limited the extent to which conclusions about causal relationships can be drawn. Furthermore, the results may not be generalized to the whole of China because of its diversity. Conclusion: Social support has a tendency to mitigate the effects of psychological strains on suicidality.

Fit and Congruency

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-156
Author(s):  
Mary Hogue ◽  
Lee Fox-Cardamone ◽  
Deborah Erdos Knapp
Keyword(s):  
Role Theory ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Job Fit ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Role Congruity ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. Applicant job pursuit intentions impact the composition of an organization’s applicant pool, thereby influencing selection outcomes. An example is the self-selection of women and men into gender-congruent jobs. Such self-selection contributes to a lack of gender diversity across a variety of occupations. We use person-job fit and the role congruity perspective of social role theory to explore job pursuit intentions. We present research from two cross-sectional survey studies (520 students, 174 working adults) indicating that at different points in their careers women and men choose to pursue gender-congruent jobs. For students, the choice was mediated by value placed on the job’s associated gender-congruent outcomes, but for working adults it was not. We offer suggestions for practitioners and researchers.

Oscillation between identities and Subjective psychological health objectives among an informed audience in therapeutic patient education

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10202
Author(s):  
Sandrine Roussel ◽  
Alain Deccache ◽  
Mariane Frenay
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Patient Education ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Health Objectives ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Introduction: The implementation of Therapeutic Patient Education (TPE) remains a challenge. An exploratory study highlighted two tendencies among practitioners of TPE, which could hamper this implementation: an oscillation between identities (as caregivers versus as educators) and an inclination towards subjective psychological health objectives. Objectives: To verify whether these tendencies can be observed among an informed audience in TPE. Next, to explore the variables associated with one or other of these tendencies. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional survey by a self-administered questionnaire was carried out among 90 French-speaking healthcare professionals. Statistical analyses (chi-square, logistic regression) were then conducted. Results: Sixty percent of respondents displayed identity oscillation, which was found to be linked to task oscillation, patient curability, scepticism towards medicine and practising in France. Fifty-six percent pursued subjective psychological health objectives, which was found to be associated with health behaviour objectives and a locus of power in the healthcare relationship distinct from those seen in the pre-existing health models (biomedical, global). This tendency seems to constitute an alternative model of TPE. Discussion & conclusion: Identity oscillation and subjective psychological health objectives can be both observed. This study stresses the need to deliberate on the form(s) of TPE that is/are desired.

PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Alfred Eboh
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

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