scholarly journals Effect and difference between the threatened and endemic status on the general public support towards wildlife species in a biodiversity hotspot

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín Espinosa-Molina ◽  
Ignacio A. Rodriguez-Jorquera ◽  
Volker Beckmann
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
General Public ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Ecological Attributes ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Threatened Status

AbstractGeneral public inclusion in nature conservation is crucial to accomplish wildlife species recovery. Mammal and bird species usually receive most of the research and general public attention, leaving aside other taxa species. It is necessary to obtain general public support towards other taxa species by emphasizing ecological attributes. Here we test if the disclosure of the threatened and endemic status of amphibians, fish, and invertebrates, could increase general public support. Additionally, we wanted to identify if the threatened and endemic status could implicate a difference in support. Interviews (N: 359) were conducted among the general public in Valdivia, Chile, to elicit the support, allocation of a fictional fixed amount of conservation funds (WTS), towards native wildlife species. The species were two mammals, and four bird species, none threatened nor endemic, and two amphibians, one fish, and three invertebrates, all threatened and endemic. The WTS was derived on two occasions for each participant. Firstly presenting colorful pictures with the name of the species and, secondly, adding the threatened and endemic status in two separate treatments. Results indicated mammal and bird species with significantly higher WTS when pictures and names were provided. The main driver was a misperception of the threatened status of these species. When the threatened and endemic status was disclosed, the WTS significantly shift towards the amphibians, fish, and invertebrates. No difference in the WTS was spotted between the threatened or endemic status. As our results indicate participants associate charismatic species (mammal and birds) with threatened status. We encourage nature conservation entities to promote a broader spectrum of wildlife species by emphasizing conservation needs.

scholarly journals Rise-Up mist-netting (RUM): a mobile protocol for trapping wary territorial birds

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. e20216110
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio Amorim ◽  
Mariana Fonseca Rossi ◽  
André de Camargo Guaraldo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
General Public ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Limited Space ◽  
Trapping Methods ◽  
Visual Impacts

Many bird species avoid traditional traps such as mist nets, thus alternative trapping methods are often needed. The Rufous Hornero (Furnariidae: Furnarius rufus) is one such species that was captured so far using conventional mist netting in rural areas or using nest-targeted traps, which risk nest damage and abandonment. Here we describe the novel rise-up mist-netting (RUM) protocol and its catchability for the wary and territorial Rufous Hornero in an urban area. The RUM trap allowed us quickly capturing 40 Rufous Hornero individuals even in paved parking lots and streets during the bird’s breeding period. The RUM is an active and targeted protocol that demands a single and quickly trainable field assistant. Therefore, it should also enable the capture of many understudied territorial but wary species. Moreover, it has enough mobility to fit studies in urban areas, and whenever researchers may deal with limited space and, at the same time, should reduce negative visual impacts to the general public of birds’ capturing and banding procedures.

SUICIDE, SOCIAL CAPITAL, AND HATE GROUPS IN THE UNITED STATES

World Affairs ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004382002110538
Author(s):  
Brendan Szendro
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Public Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Hate Groups ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Enduring Power

In recent years, hate groups have increasingly attracted public attention while at the same time escaping the purview of scholars. Although overt prejudiced attitudes have lost public support in recent decades, hate group and hate-group activity has remained relatively consistent. What, then, explains the enduring power of hate? I argue that hate groups have arisen in reaction to the loss of social capital, particularly in regard to rural and exurban communities. Using county-level suicide rates as a proxy for the loss of social capital, I test this theory using data from the lower 48 states from 2010 to 2019. I find that each 5.38 percent increase in suicide rates is associated with 1 additional hate group forming. These findings highlight the importance of examining quality-of-life in understanding far-right activity, and challenge previous findings with regard to rurality and hate.

The Frontal Struggle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Preminger
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
General Public ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Organized Labor ◽  
Union Power ◽  
Labor Organizing ◽  
Ideological Struggle

Chapter 7, which addresses the labor-capital balance of power, conceptualizes three planes of labor struggle, anchored in concepts of union power: the “frontal struggle” of organizing drives, unionization and collective action; the “ideological struggle” in which organized labor defends its legitimacy and the legitimacy of collective labor relations; and the “institutional struggle” over the institutions and formalized frameworks that facilitate collective labor relations. The chapter then explores the first plane with an analysis of unionizing at Pelephone, which encountered extreme opposition from the employer and led to a groundbreaking ruling from National Labor Court determining what an employer may and may not do in opposition to an organizing drive. However, noting other employers’ continued opposition to labor organizing and their ability to ignore the spirit of the ruling, the chapter suggests that the frontal struggle is easily undermined if it has no general public support on the level of ideology.

scholarly journals Anti-predator behavior along elevational and latitudinal gradients in dark-eyed juncos

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madelin Andrade ◽  
Daniel T Blumstein
Keyword(s):  
Human Impacts ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Passerine Bird ◽  
Latitudinal Gradients ◽  
Junco Hyemalis ◽  
Predator Density ◽  
Elevational Gradients ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Flight Initiation ◽  
Predator Behavior

Abstract Flight-initiation distance (FID), the distance between an individual and experimenter when it begins to flee, can be used to quantify risk-assessment. Among other factors, prior studies have shown that latitude explains significant variation in avian FID: at lower latitudes, individuals and species have longer FIDs than those living at higher latitudes. No prior studies have focused on the effect of elevation on FID. Given the similar patterns of seasonality, climate, and potentially predator density, that covary between latitude and elevation, birds at higher elevations might tolerate closer approaches. We asked whether elevation or latitude would explain more variation in the FID of a common passerine bird species, dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis). Juncos live in a variety of habitats along both latitudinal and elevational gradients. We found that statistical models containing elevation as a variable explained more of the variation in FID than did models containing latitude. We also found, unexpectedly, that birds at higher elevation fled at greater distances. While more predators were sighted per hour at higher elevations than at lower elevations, the frequency of predator sightings did not explain a significant amount of variation in FID. This result questions whether predator density is the main driver of risk perception along elevational gradients. Nonetheless, because elevation explains more variation in FID than latitude in at least one species, these findings have direct implications on how human impacts on birds are managed. Specifically, those designing set-back zones to reduce human impact on birds may consider modifying them based on both latitude and elevation.

scholarly journals 124 Creating Greater Public Understanding of Dementia: Findings on the Impact of a Coalition-led National Awareness Programme

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii17-iii65
Author(s):  
Fiona Foley ◽  
Roisin Guiry
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
General Public ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Campaign Evaluation ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tv Commercials ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Dementia Understand Together is a public support, awareness and stigma reduction campaign aimed at inspiring people from all sections of society to stand together with the 55,000 Irish people living with dementia. Led by the HSE working with The Alzheimer Society of Ireland and Genio it is supported by over 40 partner organisations and 230+ community champions, who are creating communities that actively embrace and include those living with dementia and their families. Methods The campaign uses personal testimonial TV commercials, radio advertising, social media and national and local news stories to build understanding among the general public about dementia. At a local level the campaign is growing a movement of people who are taking action to creative inclusive communities across Ireland. Extensive research using national biennial public surveys (2016 and 2018) (N=1003) and campaign evaluation tools has and continues to inform the development and progression of the campaign. Results 33% of respondents described themselves as knowing a lot about dementia, up from 24% in January 2016. There was a significant difference in attitudes between those who were aware of the campaign and those who were not. Dementia risk reduction is a key message of the national campaign and 52% of respondents were aware that there are things they can do to potentially reduce their risk – up from 46% in 2016. 59% who saw the TV campaign said they were impacted in some way as a result of the personal stories featured and stated that they took some action, such as calling into a friend. Conclusion The development and implementation of the campaign is a partnership approach between the leading organisations working in the area of dementia. Findings show that the campaign is creating better understanding of dementia among the general public, increasing awareness of the condition and risk reduction, and is inspiring people to take actions.

Corporate Capturing Public Attention through Social Media: A Content Analysis of Facebook Pages of top Indian Companies

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prof. (Dr.) Bandana Pandey ◽  
Sumedha Dhasmana
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Fortune 500 ◽  
News Story ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Communication Flow ◽  
Virtual Platform ◽  
Facebook Pages

On July 23, 2015, the Press Trust of India released the news story about seven Indian companies making it to the reputed Fortune 500 list. These seven organizations form the basis of this research that aims to understand the socialmedia efforts of top Indian companies. Since Facebook is one of the most popular social media platforms, the study examines the Facebook pages of seven Indian companies listed in the global Fortune 500 list of 2015. Undoubtedly, organizations take on various strategies for achieving maximum public support. Reaching the public through virtual platform like that of a Facebook is one such tactics that leads to communication flow and builds public goodwill. The research aimed at understanding how top Indian companies make use of their Facebook Pages in order to gain public support and popularity. The paper identifies loopholes and plus points that can help organizations and individual in analyzing Facebook Page use for growth and publicity purposes. Content analysis method has been adopted on 17 days wall posts of Facebook Pages of selected Indian companies. Findings indicate a variety of type of Facebook updates that includes photos, photos with relevantlinks, videos and video with relevant links. Among these, photo updates are most prominent on the Facebook pages of these organizations

Feminist Identity, Feminist Politics

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Kelly ◽  
Gordon Gauchat
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
General Public ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Feminist Identity ◽  
Feminist Politics ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
And Gender

Feminist scholars and activists have endorsed a broad and intersectional political agenda that addresses multiple dimensions of inequality, such as gender, sexuality, race/ethnicity, and class. We examine whether or not this perspective is also held by self-identified feminists in the general public. Drawing on public opinion polls from 2007 to 2009, we assess self-identified feminists’ attitudes toward a range of social policies. We find that after controlling for sociodemographic factors and political ideology, feminist identity is associated with progressive attitudes on policies related to gender and sexuality (e.g., abortion) as well as policies related to other social justice issues (e.g., immigration, health care). We also find some interactions between feminist identity and gender, age, education, and political ideology, suggesting some heterogeneity in feminists’ political attitudes. Overall, these findings suggest that feminists in the general public support an intersectional social justice agenda rather than a narrow focus on gender issues.

Association of public support for survival of wildlife species with their likeability

Anthrozoös ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clem Tisdell ◽  
Clevo Wilson ◽  
Hemanath Swarna Nantha
Keyword(s):  
Public Support ◽  
Wildlife Species

scholarly journals Wedging Equity and Environmental Justice into the Discourse on Sustainability

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-236
Author(s):  
Oscar H. Gandy, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
General Public ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Central Focus ◽  
Redistributive Policies ◽  
The City

This paper examines the problems and prospects for including meaningful indicators of intragenrational equity into the city based regional planning efforts unfolding around the globe. The central focus of the paper is on the challenges that environmental justice (EJ) activists face as they attempt to frame the problem of equity in ways that the general public would see as not only informative, but compelling. After reviewing examples of successful efforts to reframe debates about equity, the paper concludes with a discussion of a set of EJ concerns and indicators that have the greatest potential for capturing public attention and commitment despite mounting resistance to the use of redistributive policies in support of sustainability goals.

scholarly journals Altitudinal patterns in breeding bird species richness and density in relation to climate, habitat heterogeneity, and migration influence in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Yong Kim ◽  
Sanghun Lee ◽  
Man-Seok Shin ◽  
Chang-Hoon Lee ◽  
Changwan Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Habitat Heterogeneity ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Spring Temperature ◽  
Breeding Bird ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
And Migration

Altitudinal patterns in the population ecology of mountain bird species are useful for predicting species occurrence and behavior. Numerous hypotheses about the complex interactions among environmental factors have been proposed; however, these remain controversial. This study investigated the causes of altitudinal patterns in breeding bird species richness and density in relation to climate, habitat heterogeneity, and migration influence in Jirisan National Park, South Korea. We conducted a field survey of 142 plots at altitudes between 200 and 1400 m above mean sea level in the breeding season. A total of 2771 individuals from 53 breeding bird species were recorded. Altitudinal patterns of species richness and density showed a hump-shaped pattern, indicating that the highest richness and density could be observed at moderate altitudes. Models constructed with 16 combinations of six variables demonstrated that species richness was positively correlated with vertical and horizontal habitat heterogeneity, and that density was positively correlated with vertical, but not horizontal, habitat heterogeneity, and negatively correlated with migrant rate. No significant relationships were found between spring temperature and species richness or density. Therefore, the observed patterns in species richness support the hypothesis that habitat heterogeneity, rather than climate, is the main driver of species richness. And neither habitat heterogeneity nor climate hypotheses fully explains the observed patterns in density. However, vertical habitat heterogeneity does likely help explain observed patterns in density. The heterospecific attraction hypothesis did not apply to the distribution of birds along the altitudinal gradient. Appropriate management of vertical habitat heterogeneity, such as vegetation cover, should be maintained for the conservation of bird diversity in this area.

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