Dynamic Membrane with a Polystyrene Surface Layer for Ultrafiltration of Spent Coolant Lubricant

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 215-222
Author(s):  
D. D. Fazullin ◽  
G. V. Mavrin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Dynamic Membrane ◽  
Polystyrene Surface

The study of polystyrene surface layer glass transition by luminescent molecular probes

2004 ◽  
Vol 566-568 ◽  
pp. 821-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna V. Zaitseva ◽  
Vladimir.B. Zaitsev ◽  
Victor.M. Rudoy
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Molecular Probes ◽  
Polystyrene Surface

scholarly journals Separation of Oil Emulsion with Dynamic Membrane with Surface Layer of Polystyrene

2021 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
D. D. Fazullin ◽  
◽  
G. V. Mavrin ◽  
L. I. Fazullina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Dispersed Phase ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Dynamic Membrane ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Membrane Particle ◽  
Oil Particles

In this paper, we studied the parameters of the process of separation of oil emulsion using a dynamic membrane of ultrafiltration PTFEg-PSd. A polymer membrane with a dynamic layer of polystyrene particles with sizes from 55 to 72 nm was obtained on a substrate of hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The results of scanning electron microscopy showed the formation of a layer of spherical polystyrene particles on the membrane surface. The properties of a dynamic membrane were studied: porosity, moisture capacity, and wettability. After applying the polystyrene layer, an increase in the hydrophobicity of the surface layer of the membrane was established. For membrane separation, a 1% oil emulsion was prepared by dispersing the carbonaceous oil. The retention capacity of membranes for oil products from 1% oil emulsion was 96.4%, with a specific productivity of 113 dm3/m2·h which is not inferior to the performance of a commercial UPM-100 ultrafiltration membrane. Particle sizes of the dispersed phase in a 1% oil emulsion are distributed in the range from 229 to 1476 nm, after separation of the emulsion by a dynamic membrane, oil particles with sizes from 134 to 236 nm were detected in the filtrate, which indicates the removal of the bulk of the dispersed phase from the emulsion by ultrafiltration membranes.

Metal nanoparticles on polymer surfaces: 6. Probing of non-glassy polystyrene surface layer

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Dement’eva ◽  
A. V. Zaitseva ◽  
M. E. Kartseva ◽  
V. A. Ogarev ◽  
V. M. Rudoy
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Polystyrene Surface

Metal Nanoparticles on Polymer Surfaces: 5. Catalytic Activity of Colloidal Platinum Films Incorporated in Polystyrene Surface Layer

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Rudoy ◽  
N. L. Sukhov ◽  
O. V. Dement’eva ◽  
E. V. Abkhalimov ◽  
O. F. Vereshchagina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Polymer Surfaces ◽  
Polystyrene Surface ◽  
Colloidal Platinum

The oxidation of Inconel alloy MA754 at low oxidation potential

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 218-219
Author(s):  
D. N. Braski ◽  
P. D. Goodell ◽  
J. V. Cathcart ◽  
R. H. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Oxidation Potential ◽  
Metal Interface ◽  
Elevated Temperature Strength ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Inconel Alloy ◽  
Inco Alloy ◽  
Resistance To Oxidation ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
Cold Worked

It has been known for some time that the addition of small oxide particles to an 80 Ni—20 Cr alloy not only increases its elevated-temperature strength, but also markedly improves its resistance to oxidation. The mechanism by which the oxide dispersoid enhances the oxidation resistance is being studied collaboratively by ORNL and INCO Alloy Products Company.Initial experiments were performed using INCONEL alloy MA754, which is nominally: 78 Ni, 20 Cr, 0.05 C, 0.3 Al, 0.5 Ti, 1.0 Fe, and 0.6 Y2O3 (wt %).Small disks (3 mm diam × 0.38 mm thick) were cut from MA754 plate stock and prepared with two different surface conditions. The first was prepared by mechanically polishing one side of a disk through 0.5 μm diamond on a syntron polisher while the second used an additional sulfuric acid-methanol electropolishing treatment to remove the cold-worked surface layer. Disks having both surface treatments were oxidized in a radiantly heated furnace for 30 s at 1000°C. Three different environments were investigated: hydrogen with nominal dew points of 0°C, —25°C, and —55°C. The oxide particles and films were examined in TEM by using extraction replicas (carbon) and by backpolishing to the oxide/metal interface. The particles were analyzed by EDS and SAD.

Structural analysis of the surface-layer protein of spirillum serpens by high-resolution electron microscopy

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 738-739
Author(s):  
W. H. Wu ◽  
R. M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Diffraction ◽  
Surface Layer Protein ◽  
Morphological Unit ◽  
Resolution Electron

Spirillum serpens possesses a surface layer protein which exhibits a regular hexagonal packing of the morphological subunits. A morphological model of the structure of the protein has been proposed at a resolution of about 25 Å, in which the morphological unit might be described as having the appearance of a flared-out, hollow cylinder with six ÅspokesÅ at the flared end. In order to understand the detailed association of the macromolecules, it is necessary to do a high resolution structural analysis. Large, single layered arrays of the surface layer protein have been obtained for this purpose by means of extensive heating in high CaCl2, a procedure derived from that of Buckmire and Murray. Low dose, low temperature electron microscopy has been applied to the large arrays.As a first step, the samples were negatively stained with neutralized phosphotungstic acid, and the specimens were imaged at 40,000 magnification by use of a high resolution cold stage on a JE0L 100B. Low dose images were recorded with exposures of 7-9 electrons/Å2. The micrographs obtained (Fig. 1) were examined by use of optical diffraction (Fig. 2) to tell what areas were especially well ordered.

Electron-Mirror Microscopic Aspects of Ferroelectric Domains of BaTiO3 And Ca2Sr (C2H5CO2)6

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 478-479
Author(s):  
Teruo Someya ◽  
Jinzo Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Ferroelectric Domain ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Surface Pattern ◽  
Crystal Surfaces ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Ferroelectric Domains

Recent progress in the electron-mirror microscopy (EMM), e.g., an improvement of its resolving power together with an increase of the magnification makes it useful for investigating the ferroelectric domain physics. English has recently observed the domain texture in the surface layer of BaTiO3. The present authors ) have developed a theory by which one can evaluate small one-dimensional electric fields and/or topographic step heights in the crystal surfaces from their EMM pictures. This theory was applied to a quantitative study of the surface pattern of BaTiO3).

Microstructure of Electro-Eroded Cemented Carbide Surfaces

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
V. N. Filimonenko ◽  
M. H. Richman ◽  
J. Gurland
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Cobalt Content ◽  
Cemented Carbides ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Metallographic Examination ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Diamond Paste ◽  
Plastic Carbon

The high temperatures and pressures that are found in a spark gap during electrical discharging lead to a sharp phase transition and structural transformation in the surface layer of cemented carbides containing WC and cobalt. By means of X-ray diffraction both W2C and a high-temperature monocarbide of tungsten (face-centered cubic) were detected after electro-erosion. The W2C forms as a result of the peritectic reaction, WC → W2C+C. The existence and amount of the phases depend on both the energy of the electro-spark discharge and the cobalt content. In the case of a low-energy discharge (i.e. C=0.01μF, V = 300v), WC(f.c.c.) is generally formed in the surface layer. However, at high energies, (e.g. C=30μF, V = 300v), W2C is formed at the surface in preference to the monocarbide. The phase transformations in the surface layer are retarded by the presence of larger percentages of cobalt.Metallographic examination of the electro-eroded surfaces of cemented carbides was carried out on samples with 5-30% cobalt content. The specimens were first metallographically polished using diamond paste and standard procedures and then subjected to various electrical discharges on a Servomet spark machining device. The samples were then repolished and etched in a 3% NH4OH electrolyte at -0.5 amp/cm2. Two stage plastic-carbon replicas were then made and shadowed with chromium at 27°.

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