scholarly journals From laboratory to field: applying the Fo47 biocontrol strain in potato fields

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-654
Author(s):  
Maria E. Constantin ◽  
Francisco J. de Lamo ◽  
Martijn Rep ◽  
Frank L. W. Takken
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Inoculum Production ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Biocontrol Potential ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Biocontrol Strain

Abstract Endophytic microbes conferring biocontrol are an eco-friendly alternative to control diseases in crops. Unfortunately, the use of endophytes to control diseases is not yet widespread as their application in agricultural settings is challenging and the outcome variable. Translating strains that perform well under laboratory conditions to the field poses several challenges. One is large scale inoculum production in a cost-effective manner. Here, we developed a framework to scale up inoculum production of Fusarium oxysporum 47 (Fo47), assess inoculum viability and its performance in the field and effects on potato yield and performance. The Fo47 endophyte is a well-described biocontrol agent, isolated from disease suppressive soils in the 1980’s. Using mung bean medium, we could routinely produce ≈7 × 108 spores/mL. Using 60 mL of 107 spores/mL per tuber we could re-isolate the fungus 79 days after application from 60 to 70% of the inoculated plants in a large-scale potato field trial (Clenze, Germany). Furthermore, this protocol can be used to assess Fo47 biocontrol potential under field conditions. The presence of the fungus did not negatively affect plant yield or starch production and did not increase susceptibility to endemic pathogens.

scholarly journals Direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 using non-commercial RT-LAMP reagents on heat-inactivated samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisa Alekseenko ◽  
Donal Barrett ◽  
Yerma Pareja-Sanchez ◽  
Rebecca J. Howard ◽  
Emilia Strandback ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Dna Polymerases ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Lamp Assay ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Clinical Patient ◽  
Reverse Transcriptases ◽  
Large Scale Testing

AbstractRT-LAMP detection of SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to be a valuable approach to scale up COVID-19 diagnostics and thus contribute to limiting the spread of the disease. Here we present the optimization of highly cost-effective in-house produced enzymes, and we benchmark their performance against commercial alternatives. We explore the compatibility between multiple DNA polymerases with high strand-displacement activity and thermostable reverse transcriptases required for RT-LAMP. We optimize reaction conditions and demonstrate their applicability using both synthetic RNA and clinical patient samples. Finally, we validate the optimized RT-LAMP assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in unextracted heat-inactivated nasopharyngeal samples from 184 patients. We anticipate that optimized and affordable reagents for RT-LAMP will facilitate the expansion of SARS-CoV-2 testing globally, especially in sites and settings where the need for large scale testing cannot be met by commercial alternatives.

Abstract WP240: Ultra-acute Diagnostics for Stroke: Large-scale Implementation of Prehospital Biomarker Sampling

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli S Mattila ◽  
Heini Harve ◽  
Saana Pihlasviita ◽  
Juhani Ritvonen ◽  
Gerli Sibolt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Comprehensive Stroke Center ◽  
Stroke Center ◽  
Acute Diagnostics

Background and purpose: Blood-based biomarkers could enable early and cost-effective diagnostics for acute stroke patients in the prehospital setting to support early initiation of treatments. However, large prehospital sample sets required for biomarker discovery and validation are missing, and the feasibility of large-scale blood sampling by emergency medical services (EMS) has not been determined. We set out to establish extensive prehospital blood sampling of thrombolysis candidates in the catchment area of our comprehensive stroke center, with a 1.5 million population base. Methods: EMS personnel were trained to collect prehospital blood samples using a cannula-adapter technique. Time delays, sample quality and performance bottlenecks were investigated between May 20, 2013 and May 19, 2014. Results: Prehospital blood sampling and study recruitment were successfully performed in 430 thrombolysis candidates, of which 55.3% were admitted outside office hours. The median (interquartile range) emergency call to prehospital sample time was 33 minutes (25-41), and the median time from reported symptom onset or wake-up to prehospital sample was 53 minutes (38-85; n=394). Prehospital sampling was performed 31 minutes (25-42) earlier than admission blood sampling, and 37 minutes (30-47) earlier than admission neuroimaging. Quality control data from 25 participating EMS units indicated a 4-minute increase in median transport time (from arrival on-scene to hospital door) for study patients compared to patients of the preceding year. The hemolysis rate in serum and plasma samples was 6.5% and 9.3% for EMS samples, and 0.7% and 1.6% for admission samples collected with venipuncture. Conclusions: Prehospital biomarker sampling is feasible in standard EMS units and provides a median timesaving of over 30 minutes to obtain first blood samples. Large biobanks of prehospital blood samples will facilitate development of ultra-acute stroke biomarkers.

Biological Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Activity: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarvat Zafar ◽  
Aiman Zafar ◽  
Fakhra Jabeen ◽  
Miad Ali Siddiq
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Nanosized Particles ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Physical And Chemical

: Nanotechnology studies the various phenomena of physio-chemical procedures and biological properties for the generation of nanosized particles, and their rising challenges in the various sectors, like medicine, engineering, agriculture, electronic, and environmental studies. The nanosized particles exhibit good anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, drug delivery, anti-parasitic, anti-coagulant and catalytic properties because of their unique dimensions with large surface area, chemical stability and higher binding density for the accumulation of various bio-constituents on their surfaces. Biological approaches for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been reviewed because it is an easy and single-step protocol and a viable substitute for the synthetic chemical-based procedures. Physical and chemical approaches for the production of AgNPs are also mentioned herein. Biological synthesis has drawn attention because it is cost-effective, faster, non-pathogenic, environment-friendly, easy to scale-up for large-scale synthesis, and having no demand for usage of high pressure, energy, temperature, or noxious chemical ingredients, and safe for human therapeutic use. Therefore, the collaboration of nanomaterials with bio-green approaches could extend the utilization of biological and cytological properties compatible with AgNPs. In this perspective, there is an immediate need to develop ecofriendly and biocompatible techniques, which strengthen efficacy against microbes and minimize toxicity for human cells. The present study introduces the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles, and their potential biomedical applications have also been reviewed.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Humidity Sensors Based on Graphene Oxide–PEDOT:PSS Composites on a Flexible Substrate

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Romero ◽  
Almudena Rivadeneyra ◽  
Markus Becherer ◽  
Diego P. Morales ◽  
Noel Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Humidity Sensors ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Stability Time

In this paper, we present a simple, fast, and cost-effective method for the large-scale fabrication of high-sensitivity humidity sensors on flexible substrates. These sensors consist of a micro screen-printed capacitive structure upon which a sensitive layer is deposited. We studied two different structures and three different sensing materials by modifying the concentration of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) in a graphene oxide (GO) solution. The results show that the aggregation of the PEDOT:PSS to the GO can modify its electrical properties, boosting the performance of the capacitive sensors in terms of both resistive losses and sensitivity to relative humidity (RH) changes. Thus, in an area less than 30 mm2, the GO/PEDOT:PSS-based sensors can achieve a sensitivity much higher (1.22 nF/%RH at 1 kHz) than other similar sensors presented in the literature which, together with their good thermal stability, time response, and performance over bending, demonstrates that the manufacturing approach described in this work paves the way for the mass production of flexible humidity sensors in an inexpensive way.

Implementing Corporate Distance Training Using Change Management, Strategic Planning and Project Management

2000 ◽  
pp. 39-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zane L. Berge ◽  
Donna L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Change Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Technology Enhanced Learning ◽  
Distance Training ◽  
Geographically Dispersed ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
And Performance

As businesses expand to become more globally competitive, their needs grow to train geographically dispersed employees in a cost- effective manner. What must businesses do to implement distance education? An important role of the training and performance specialists in business is to help management solve complex problems within an organization. Still, distance education is usually not accomplished by a single group within an organization, nor through a single process. To change the way training is done, performance managers must use what is known about change management, strategic planning and project management in order to successfully implement technology-enhanced learning globally. One of the methods being used increasingly in the workplace is distance training.

Enterprise Crowdsourcing Platform to Improve HR Workflow

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Zuev
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hr Management ◽  
Practical Project ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hr Managers ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Small Parts

Crowdsourcing technologies may solve a wide range of business issues: improve efficiency of HR management, increase customer loyalty and maximize economic efficiency of whole enterprise. The recent years best practice has shown how crowdsourcing is gaining particular relevance of human resource management, allowing HR managers to resolve organization relevant problems in quick and cost-effective manner. Important advantage of crowdsourcing сomes from his main ability: decomposition of tasks into small parts and the ability to perform it’s remotely, via Internet. Thanks to this, not only large corporations, but also small and medium-sized businesses can execute a large-scale projects in a short time. This article discusses the main approaches and principles of practical project management via crowdsourcing platforms, using as the example “Beorg Smart Vision” solution.

Implementing Corporate Distance Training Using Change Management, Strategic Planning and Project Management

2011 ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Zane L. Berge ◽  
Donna L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Change Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Technology Enhanced Learning ◽  
Distance Training ◽  
Geographically Dispersed ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
And Performance

As businesses expand to become more globally competitive, their needs grow to train geographically dispersed employees in a cost- effective manner. What must businesses do to implement distance education? An important role of the training and performance specialists in business is to help management solve complex problems within an organization. Still, distance education is usually not accomplished by a single group within an organization, nor through a single process. To change the way training is done, performance managers must use what is known about change management, strategic planning and project management in order to successfully implement technology-enhanced learning globally. One of the methods being used increasingly in the workplace is distance training.

Drilling with Glass and Air: Using Hollow Glass Spheres to Address a Wide Ranging Drilling Challenge in a Safe, Efficient and Cost-Effective Manner

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.. Rylance ◽  
Y.. Tuzov ◽  
V.. Sherishorin
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Hollow Glass ◽  
Glass Spheres ◽  
Effective Manner

Abstract A major development with multiple rigs delivering extensive multi-laterals encountered a pervasive mud-window issue within the reservoir. The resulting severe mud losses, extensive NPT and formation-damage was also deteriorating with time due to depletion. Conventional approaches to stem losses had failed and adoption of an energized mud-system with acceptable Effective Circulating Density (ECD) was not considered cost effective, pragmatic nor safe. Instead a novel application using Hollow-Glass-Spheres (HGS) was trialled, that demonstrated an effective and highly successful outcome. With 10 rigs drilling 60-70 wells per-year, each with 5,500 to 6,750m in the reservoir, quick resolution of the issue was required. For these reasons the Team at bp Russia looked carefully at alternatives that might fit the mud-window, but that offered a realistic approach for the environment and conditions in Eastern Siberia. The Team identified HGS as an approach to lighten the mud, often used for cementing ECD, application for drilling has been limited. For this approach we required an option with broad capabilities that could be scaled-up and exported to other development areas where such issues existed. This paper will report on the planning, delivery, and execution of a pilot on the Sb. field at TYNGD, in Eastern Siberia. Initially deployed on three wells, including multi-laterals, the paper will walk through the engineering considerations, during the planning and execution phases. Reporting comprehensively on the data gathered and the many lessons learned during the incremental and stepwise deployment. Data will be provided that demonstrated loss-free drilling was achieved where this had not occurred before, with a dramatic reduction in NPT, FLA needs and costs. The paper will also report on the post drilling productivity and comparison with offset wells drilled with conventional mud systems and suffering severe losses. The results of this pilot have beaten all expectations, there have been many insights and the Team are now looking to set a timetable to scale-up across the NOJV. Much has been learned, waste HGS material has been demonstrated to be an effective FLA pill in other sections of the well and centralisation of mud process may offer additional cost savings and improvements. Further efficiencies are expected to be achieved and potential across the Company portfolio could be a major game changer. HGS for cementing is well documented, application for drilling fluids has been less reported and almost exclusively applied to one-off sections/wells. The TYNGD application is novel as this is a major new development with 10 drilling rigs. Application is on multi-laterals and prior offset wells are available for direct comparison. The results of the approach demonstrate a new way of performing well construction in an effective manner for major Field Developments where losses are prevalent.

Ensuring Data Integrity Scheme Based on Digital Signature and Iris Features in Cloud

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 452
Author(s):  
Salah H. Abbdal ◽  
Thair A. Kadhim ◽  
Zaid Ameen Abduljabbar ◽  
Zaid Alaa Hussien ◽  
Ali A. Yassin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Signature ◽  
Iris Recognition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Data Integrity ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Identity Verification ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Verification Systems

Cloud computing is a novel paradigm that allows users to remotely access their data through web- based tools and applications. Later, the users do not have the ability to monitor or arrange their data. In this case, many security challenges have been raised. One of these challenges is data integrity. Contentiously, the user cannot access his data directly and he could not know whether his data is modified or not. Therefore, the cloud service provider should provide efficient ways for the user to ascertain whether the integrity of his data is protected or compromised. In this paper, we focus on the problem of ensuring the integrity of data stored in the cloud. Additionally, we propose a method which combines biometric and cryptography techniques in a cost-effective manner for data owners to gain trust in the cloud. We present efficient and secure integrity based on the iris feature extraction and digital signature.  Iris recognition has become a new, emergent approach to individual identification in the last decade. It is one of the most accurate identity verification systems. This technique gives the cloud user more confidence in detecting any block that has been changed. Additionally, our proposed scheme employs user’s iris features to secure and integrate data in a manner difficult for any internal or external unauthorized entity to take or compromise it. Iris recognition is an internal organ that is well protected against damage and wear by a highly transparent and sensitive membrane. Extensive security and performance analysis show that our proposed scheme is highly efficient and provably secure.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis as a Basis for Large-Scale Nitrogen Control Decisions: Reducing Nitrogen Loads to the Gulf of Mexico

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 968-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otto C. Doering ◽  
Marc Ribaudo ◽  
Fransisco Diaz-Hermelo ◽  
Ralph Heimlich ◽  
Fred Hitzhusen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Nitrogen Loads ◽  
Effective Manner

Economic analysis can be a guide to determining the level of actions taken to reduce nitrogen (N) losses and reduce environmental risk in a cost-effective manner while also allowing consideration of relative costs of controls to various groups. The biophysical science of N control, especially from nonpoint sources such as agriculture, is not certain. Widespread precise data do not exist for a river basin (or often even for a watershed) that couples management practices and other actions to reduce nonpoint N losses with specific delivery from the basin. The causal relationships are clouded by other factors influencing N flows, such as weather, temperature, and soil characteristics. Even when the science is certain, economic analysis has its own sets of uncertainties and simplifying economic assumptions. The economic analysis of the National Hypoxia Assessment provides an example of economic analysis based on less than complete scientific information that can still provide guidance to policy makers about the economic consequences of alternative approaches. One critical value to policy makers comes from bounding the economic magnitude of the consequences of alternative actions. Another value is the identification of impacts outside the sphere of initial concerns. Such analysis can successfully assess relative impacts of different degrees of control of N losses within the basin as well as outside the basin. It can demonstrate the extent to which costs of control of any one action increase with the intensity of application of control.

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