Diverse effects of temperature on in vivo and in vitro germination of urediniospores of Neophysopella tropicalis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Rasera ◽  
L. Amorim ◽  
B. Appezzato-da-Glória
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

scholarly journals Morphological aspects of fruits, seeds, seedlings and in vivo and in vitro germination of species of the genus Cleome

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Carvalho de Castro ◽  
Claudia Simões-Gurgel ◽  
Ivan Gonçalves Ribeiro ◽  
Marsen Garcia Pinto Coelho ◽  
Norma Albarello
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Cleome Spinosa ◽  
The Tropics

The genus Cleome is widely distributed in drier areas of the tropics and subtropics. Cleome dendroides and C. rosea are Brazilian native species that occur mainly in Atlantic Forest and sandy coastal plains, respectively ecosystems negatively affected by human impacts. Cleome spinosa is frequently found in urban areas. Many Cleome species have been used in traditional medicine, as C. spinosa. In the present work, was investigated C. dendroides, C. rosea and C. spinosa germinative behavior under in vivo conditions, as well as was established suitable conditions to in vitro germination and seedling development. The in vivo germination was performed evaluating the influence of temperature, substrate and light. It was observed that only C. spinosa seeds presents physiological dormancy, which was overcome by using alternate temperatures. The substrate influenced significantly the germination of C. rosea and the seeds of C. dendroides showed the highest germination percentages in the different conditions evaluated. The post-seminal development stages under in vivo and in vitro conditions were defined. It was observed that the development was faster under in vitro than in vivo conditions. An effective methodology for in vitro germination, enabling the providing of material to experiment on plant tissue culture was established to C. dendroides and C. spinosa.

scholarly journals A Unique ‘Chain Tree’ Bauhinia (Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae) from Pagerwunung Darupono Conservation Park, Central Java, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Lianah Lianah
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Conservation Park ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Unique Species

A tree species having a unique stem morphology has been found to grow at Sam Poo Kong temple, Gunung Batu, Semarang city, and at Pager Wunung  Darupono Conservation Park, Central Java, about 30 km away from the temple. Based on plant key reference identification the name of this tree species is Bauhinia scandens Willd, a liana from Leguminosae family. This species has a local name of ‘pohon rantai’ due to the chain shape of the stems. It flowered in August and the fruits matured in October. In vitro germination of the seeds collected from the Conservation Park was not successful and only one out of 30 seeds germinated in vivo after 12 weeks. Further studies should be conducted on conservation and propagation of this unique species.

scholarly journals Morphologial variation in colonies of Chalara fraxinea isolated from ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) stems with symptoms of dieback and effects of temperature on colony growth and structure

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Kowalski ◽  
Czesław Bartnik
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Ash Trees ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Main Factor

The present paper presents the results of long-term observations of differences in growth and morphology of colonies of <i>C. fraxinea</i> isolated from ash stems with symptoms of dieback and the results of studies on effects of temperature on growth and morphology of colonies <i>in vitro</i>. Thirty randomly chosen <i>C. fraxinea</i> cultures, originating from six Forest Districts in southern and northern Poland, viz. Andrychów, Gryfice, Kańczuga, Lębork, Miechów and Mircze, were included in the temperature assay. Colony growth and morphology were evaluated <i>in vitro</i>, on malt extract agar. Two replicates of each isolate were incubated at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30°C in darkness. Colonies of <i>C. fraxinea</i> isolated from necrotic stem tissues of diseased ash trees differed greatly in colour, structure, growth rate, presence of sectors and stromata as well as the intensity of conidial sporulation. Colony characters were often lost in further sub-cultures grown on the same medium. Colonies of <i>C. fraxinea</i> grew at 5-25°C <i>in vitro</i>. Three isolates still grew, though slowly, at 30°C. The optimum temperature for growth was 20°C. Among 30 isolates tested, five grew most quickly at 25°C and four at 15°C. Differences among colony diameters recorded at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30°C were statistically significant, while differences at 15 and 25°C were not. At some temperatures, statistically significant differences in growth rate were related to the origin of the isolates. There were three main colony colour types. Temperature was the main factor affecting colony morphology <i>in vitro</i>. The formation of sectors was observed in 36% of colonies, pseudoparenchymatous stromata in 10.4% of colonies, and white crystalline substances in 53.3% of colonies. The results of <i>in vitro</i> observations were used for discussion of the effects of temperature on growth and activity of <i>C. fraxinea</i> <i>in vivo</i>.

scholarly journals Effect of Drupe size Grading on in Vivo and in Vitro Germination and its Dormancy Mechanism of Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. F)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-683
Author(s):  
Poomaruthai Masilamani ◽  
Venugopal Rajanbabu ◽  
Subramanian Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Large Size ◽  
True Seed ◽  
Physiological Dormancy ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Filling Capacity

The effect of drupe size on in vivo and in vitro germination and its dormancy mechanism in teak have been studied in this paper. Teak drupes were size graded to five categories namely very large with more than 15 mm, large with 13 to <15 mm, medium with 11 to <13 mm, small with 9 to <11 mm and very small with less than 9 mm of diameter. Under in vivo pot culture condition very low germination percent of drupes was observed. It was observed that very large size drupe had highest 100 drupe weight, 100 true seed weight and seed filling capacity, but it was negatively correlated with in vivo germination of teak drupes. When true seeds isolated from the drupes were grown under in vitro condition in half strength MS medium the germination percent was significantly increased up to 54.1. True seeds obtained from small size graded drupes recorded highest germination per cent in MS media. This showed that the drupe size did not play major role in the germination and early growth in teak. Very small size graded drupes have low seed filling capacity, and it leads to decrease the germination percent. Poor germination of drupes showed the presence of mechanical and physiological dormancy in drupes. Similarly, the presence of morphological and embryo dormancy in teak may limit the true seed germination potential to 54.1 per cent. In addition, in vitro germination of true seeds will be a promising approach to obtain large number of saplings in teak.

scholarly journals Unequal Growth Rate of Pollen Tubes from Normal and Stringless Pea Genotypes

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 833-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. McGee ◽  
James R. Baggett
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth Rate ◽  
Germination Of Pollen

There was no difference in percentage in vitro germination of pollen from stringless pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Sugar Daddy and stringy `Oregon Sugarpod II' (OSP) and `OSU 705' (705). However, pollen tubes of `Sugar Daddy' grew more slowly in vitro than those of OSP or 705. Differences in pollen tube growth rate were demonstrated in vivo following time-course pollinations involving reciprocal crosses of `Sugar Daddy' with OSP and 705, along with the selfed parents. After 8 hours, pollen tubes from stringless peas (“stringless” pollen) had entered 13% of the ovules compared with 51% for those from stringy peas (“stringy” pollen). Stringless pollen tubes entered 29% and stringy pollen tubes 66% of the ovules after 10 hours. The slower growth of stringless compared with stringy pollen tubes is a plausible explanation for previously observed deficiencies of stringless plants in segregating populations.

Effects of Temperature on Metabolism of Benzo[a]pyrene by Toadfish (Opsanus beta) Hepatocytes

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Gill ◽  
Patrick J. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Opsanus Beta ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Phase Ii Metabolites

Prior in vivo studies of the effects of temperature on uptake, metabolism and excretion of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) by the gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta) suggested that metabolism of BaP may be partially temperature insensitive under certain conditions. In the present study, hepatocytes were isolated from toadfish acclimated to 18 or 28 °C, and then cells were exposed to BaP at 18, 23, and 28 °C in vitro to more directly examine the effects of temperature on metabolism. Toadfish hepatocytes metabolized BaP to a variety of Phase I and Phase II metabolites in similar proportions to toadfish in vivo, with the exception that fewer Phase I metabolites were detected. A marked temperature dependence of metabolism of BaP to Phase II metabolites was noted between 18 and 28 °C at near saturating concentration of BaP (13 μg∙mL−1). Warm-acclimated toadfish displayed a lower temperature sensitivity than cold-acclimated toadfish (Q10, the ratio of the rate at T + 10 °C: rate at T = 1.85 and 2.65, respectively). However, at a lower, subsaturating concentration of BaP (5 μg∙mL−1), production of all metabolites showed a marked temperature independence. We speculate that this independence is the result of temperature effects on the kinetic properties of the enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism.

scholarly journals Response of Entomopathogenic Fungus Paecilomyces fumosoroseus on Drought Stress Factor

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Ali Wafa ◽  
Hari Purnomo ◽  
Saifuddin Hasjim ◽  
Nanang Triharyadi
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Paecilomyces Fumosoroseus ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Chemical Pesticide

The entomopathogenic fungus Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (common name: Isaria fumosorosea) can utilize to control white fly population. Bemisia tabaci or white fly has become key pest in soybean cultivation. It reported became resistance due to chemical pesticide. Some of new strain has been emerge as chemical pesticide resultant However, to develop P. fumosoroseus as biopesticide hide a problem. The environmental drought factor (temperature and water stress) become major problem. This research aimed to determine effect of environmental factor like temperature and water stress to growth and effectivity of P. fumosoroseus, due to selection an isolat were persist to drought factor. In this research has been used two different isolat of P. fumosoroseus, that is Wirowongso 1 isolat and Mumbulsari 5 isolates. This research had been conducted with five different treatments. First is a growth test under temperature stress, in vitro germination test under temperature stress and in vitro germination test under water stress, and virulence test under temperature and under water stress. The result showed that the increase a temperature and of water stress, directly make decreased of growth, germination and effectively. That effect has made different effect to growth, germination and effectivity on both isolat. The results showed that the isolat WR 1 test result showed the isolat WR 1 more persist to each drought factor. It became more valuable to develop as biopesticide among other.Keywords: Bemicia tabaci, germination, isolat, Isaria fumosorosea, in-vivo.

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