scholarly journals Socio-cognitive constraints and opportunities for sustainable intensification in South Asia: insights from fuzzy cognitive mapping in coastal Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreejith Aravindakshan ◽  
Timothy J. Krupnik ◽  
Sumona Shahrin ◽  
Pablo Tittonell ◽  
Kadambot H. M. Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Sustainable Intensification ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Development Interventions ◽  
Farm Types

AbstractAppreciating and dealing with the plurality of farmers’ perceptions and their contextual knowledge and perspectives of the functioning and performance of their agroecosystems—in other words, their ‘mental models’—is central for appropriate and sustainable agricultural development. In this respect, the sustainable development goals (SDGs) aim to eradicate poverty and food insecurity by 2030 by envisioning social inclusivity that incorporates the preferences and knowledge of key stakeholders, including farmers. Agricultural development interventions and policies directed at sustainable intensification (SI), however, do not sufficiently account for farmers’ perceptions, beliefs, priorities, or interests. Considering two contrasting agroecological systems in coastal Bangladesh, we used a fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM)-based simulation and sensitivity analysis of mental models of respondents of different farm types from 240 farm households. The employed FCM mental models were able to (1) capture farmers’ perception of farming system concepts and relationships for each farm type and (2) assess the impact of external interventions (drivers) on cropping intensification and food security. We decomposed the FCM models’ variance into the first-order sensitivity index (SVI) and total sensitivity index (TSI) using a winding stairs algorithm. Both within and outside polder areas, the highest TSIs (35–68%) were observed for effects of agricultural extension on changes in other concepts in the map, particularly food security and income (SI indicators), indicating the importance of extension programs for SI. Outside polders, drainage and micro-credit were also influential; within polders, the availability of micro-credit appears to affect farmer perceptions of SI indicators more than drainage. This study demonstrated the importance of reflection on the differing perspectives of farmers both within and outside polders to identify entry points for development interventions. In addition, the study underscores the need for micro-farming systems-level research to assess the context-based feasibility of introduced interventions as perceived by farmers of different farm types.

scholarly journals Impact of gameplay vs. reading on mental models of social-ecological systems: a fuzzy cognitive mapping approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya O'Garra ◽  
Diana Reckien ◽  
Stephanie Pfirman ◽  
Elizabeth Bachrach Simon ◽  
Grace H. Bachman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Models ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Mapping Approach

RESTRICTIONS OF EXTENSIVE PRODUCTION TO ENSURE FOOD SECURITY IN CHINA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Li ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Food Insufficiency ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agricultural Mechanization

Being over-dependent on imports, China has been faced with the problem of food insufficiency in recent years.This paper, with the adoption of the indicators of agricultural development and relevant models, aims to explore factors affecting food security in China, in particular, technological elements. The findings demonstrate that technology plays a vital role in improving food production. It is recommended to increase the input of science and technology and improve agricultural mechanization.

Unveiling the dynamics of social credit determinants using fuzzy cognitive mapping and system dynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro F. Pereira ◽  
Ricardo J. C. Correia ◽  
Fernando A. F. Ferreira ◽  
Pedro F. Falcão ◽  
Renato L. Costa
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Social Credit

scholarly journals Salinity and food security in southwest coastal Bangladesh: impacts on household food production and strategies for adaptation

Food Security ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukyan Lam ◽  
Peter J. Winch ◽  
Fosiul Alam Nizame ◽  
Elena T. Broaddus-Shea ◽  
Md. Golam Dostogir Harun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Floodplain Management ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
External Resources ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Household Food Production

AbstractThe rising salinity of land and water is an important, but understudied, climate change-sensitive trend that can exert devastating impacts on food security. This mixed methods investigation combines salinity testing with qualitative research methods to explore these impacts in one of the most salinity-affected regions in the world—the Ganges River Delta. Data collection in 2015 and 2016 undertaken in Bangladesh’s southwest coastal region and Dhaka consisted of 83 in-depth household and stakeholder interviews, six community focus groups, and salinity testing of 27 soil and 45 surface and groundwater samples. Results show that household food production is a multifaceted cornerstone of rural livelihood in the southwest coastal region, and virtually every component of it—from rice plantation and homestead gardening to livestock cultivation and aquaculture—is being negatively affected by salinity. Although households have attempted multiple strategies for adapting food production, effective adaptation remains elusive. At the community level, improved irrigation and floodplain management, as well as restrictions on saltwater aquaculture to abate salinity, are viewed as promising interventions. However, the potential of such measures remains unrealized on a broad scale, as they require a level of external resources and regulation not yet provided by the NGO and government sectors. This study elucidates issues of accessibility, equity, and governance surrounding agricultural interventions for climate change-related salinity adaptation, and its findings can help inform the community of organizations that will increasingly need to grapple with salinity in order to guarantee food security in the context of environmental change.

scholarly journals LivestockPlus: Forages, sustainable intensification, and food security in the tropics

AMBIO ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 685-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Rudel ◽  
Birthe Paul ◽  
Douglas White ◽  
I. M. Rao ◽  
Rein Van Der Hoek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Sustainable Intensification ◽  
The Tropics

Sustainable food security index: planning tool for district-level agricultural development in Uttar Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67
Author(s):  
Priyanka Singh ◽  
Mini Goyal ◽  
Bishwa Bhaskar Choudhary ◽  
Amit Guleria
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
District Level ◽  
Planning Tool ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Security Index

scholarly journals STAGES OF REGIONAL FOOD SECURITY PROVISION

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (388) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Krasnoperova Elena Aleksandrovna, ◽  
◽  
Donnik Irina Mikhailovna, ◽  
Yuldashbayev Yusupzhan Artykovich, ◽  
Leshcheva Marina Genrikhovna, ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Regional Food ◽  
State Of The Economy ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region ◽  
Relationship Of

The problem of national economic security, which includes guaranteed food provision in the regions, occupies one of the pivotal places in the politics of economically developed countries of the world. Issues of food security and agricultural development should be a priority; without them, all conversations about national security are meaningless. Over the past 20 years, a lot of funds and efforts have been invested in the development of agriculture in Russia, the results of these efforts say it all. Russia has become the largest exporter of food raw, completely covers the needs of the population in chicken eggs, poultry, and pork. Despite significant advances in food security, many problems need to be solved immediately. The problem of food security provision at the federal and regional levels should be approached comprehensively. First of all, it is necessary to comprehend and realize that economic life develops according to its very specific laws, the complex interaction of which, ultimately, determines the state of the economy. The current situation with the position of food security can be assessed as not quite satisfactory. The article outlines the problems of food security in the Chelyabinsk region and the relationship of its tasks, the growth of life expectancy, and the working capacity of the population. Four stages of their duration and features of tasks at each stage are substantiated. The term for the full achievement of food security is designed for 12 years, improving the nutritional structure and increasing its usefulness will increase life expectancy by 8-12 years, which is consistent with state policy in the economic and social spheres.

scholarly journals Climate Smart Agriculture: A New Approach for Sustainable Intensification

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-147
Author(s):  
Gayatri Sahu ◽  
Pragyan Paramita Rout ◽  
Suchismita Mohapatra ◽  
Sai Parasar Das ◽  
Poonam Preeti Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Sustainable Intensification ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
World Population ◽  
Resource Degradation ◽  
Security Challenge ◽  
Smart Agriculture

World population is increasing day by day and at the same time agriculture is threatened due to natural resource degradation and climate change. A growing global population and changing diets are driving up the demand for food. The food security challenge will only become more difficult, as the world will need to produce about 70 percent more food by 2050 to feed an estimated 9 billion people. Production stability, agricultural productivity, income and food security is negatively affected by changing climate. Therefore, agriculture must change according to present situation for meeting the need of food security and also withstanding under changing climatic situation. Agriculture is a prominent source as well as a sink of greenhouse gases (GHGs). So, there is a need to modify agricultural practices in a sustainable way to overcome these problems. Developing climate smart agriculture is thus crucial to achieving future food security and climate change goals. It helps the agricultural system to resist damage and recover quickly by adaptation and mitigation strategies. Sustainable Intensification is an essential means of adapting to climate change, also resulting in lower emissions per unit of output. With its emphasis on improving risk management, information flows and local institutions to support adaptive capacity, CSA provides the foundations for incentivizing and enabling intensification. Since climate smart agriculture is defined along three pillars (productivity increases, building resilience and adapting, and GHG emission reduction), key concepts such as productivity, resilience, vulnerability and carbon sequestration provide indicators for future empirical measurements of the climate smart agriculture concept.

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