scholarly journals Would depositors pay to show that they do not withdraw? Theory and experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 873-894
Author(s):  
Markus Kinateder ◽  
Hubert János Kiss ◽  
Ágnes Pintér
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Equilibria ◽  
Financial Intermediation ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Unique Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Outcome ◽  
Bank Run ◽  
Public Announcements ◽  
Information Sets ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Theory And Experiment

Abstract In a Diamond–Dybvig type model of financial intermediation, we allow depositors to announce at a positive cost to subsequent depositors that they keep their funds deposited in the bank. Theoretically, the mere availability of public announcements (and not its use) ensures that no bank run is the unique equilibrium outcome. Multiple equilibria—including bank run—exist without such public announcements. We test the theoretical results in the lab and find a widespread use of announcements, which we interpret as an attempt to coordinate on the no bank run outcome. Withdrawal rates in general are lower in information sets that contain announcements.

Unbalance Response of a Dual Rotor System: Theory and Experiment

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Gupta ◽  
K. D. Gupta ◽  
K. Athre
Keyword(s):  
System Theory ◽  
Transfer Matrix ◽  
Mode Shape ◽  
Reasonable Agreement ◽  
Complex Variables ◽  
Rotor System ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Unbalance Response ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Theory And Experiment

A dual rotor rig is developed and is briefly discussed. The rig is capable of simulating dynamically the two spool aeroengine, though it does not physically resemble the actual aeroengine configuration. Critical speeds, mode shape, and unbalance response are determined experimentally. An extended transfer matrix procedure in complex variables is developed for obtaining unbalance response of dual rotor system. Experimental results obtained are compared with theoretical results and are found to be in reasonable agreement.

Backward bifurcation in a fractional-order and two-patch model of tuberculosis epidemic with incomplete treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150007
Author(s):  
Mohsen Jafari ◽  
Hossein Kheiri ◽  
Azizeh Jabbari
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Stability ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Global Asymptotic Stability ◽  
Multiple Equilibria ◽  
Backward Bifurcation ◽  
Tuberculosis Model ◽  
Fractional Differential ◽  
Incomplete Treatment ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Exogenous Reinfection

In this paper, we consider a tuberculosis model with incomplete treatment and extend the model to a Caputo fractional-order and two-patch version with exogenous re-infection among the treated individuals, in which only susceptible individuals can travel freely between the patches. The model has multiple equilibria. We determine conditions that lead to the appearance of a backward bifurcation. The results show that the TB model can have exogenous reinfection among the treated individuals and, at the same time, does not exhibit backward bifurcation. Also, conditions that lead to the global asymptotic stability of the disease-free equilibrium are obtained. In case without reinfection, the model has four equilibria. In this case, the global asymptotic stability of the equilibria is established using the Lyapunov function theory together with the LaSalle invariance principle for fractional differential equations (FDEs). Numerical simulations confirm the validity of the theoretical results.

scholarly journals The fixation probability of beneficial mutations

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (28) ◽  
pp. 1279-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Patwa ◽  
L.M Wahl
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Experimental Evolution ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Fixation Probability ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Theory And Experiment

The fixation probability, the probability that the frequency of a particular allele in a population will ultimately reach unity, is one of the cornerstones of population genetics. In this review, we give a brief historical overview of mathematical approaches used to estimate the fixation probability of beneficial alleles. We then focus on more recent work that has relaxed some of the key assumptions in these early papers, providing estimates that have wider applicability to both natural and laboratory settings. In the final section, we address the possibility of future work that might bridge the gap between theoretical results to date and results that might realistically be applied to the experimental evolution of microbial populations. Our aim is to highlight the concrete, testable predictions that have arisen from the theoretical literature, with the intention of further motivating the invaluable interplay between theory and experiment.

ELASTIC CONSTANTS OF d TRANSITION ELEMENTS AND d TRANSITION ALLOYS

1993 ◽  
Vol 07 (01n03) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
PER SÖDERLIND ◽  
JOHN WILLS ◽  
OLLE ERIKSSON
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Elastic Constant ◽  
Elastic Constants ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Energy Difference ◽  
Transition Elements ◽  
Virtual Crystal Approximation ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Theory And Experiment

The shear elastic constant, C′, is calculated from first principles for the cubic 4d and 5d transition elements. This study also includes calculations for selected alloys using the virtual crystal approximation. The tetragonal shear constant for these elements and alloys is found to follow a trend which can be related to the calculated crystal structure stabilities. In fact, the trend of C′ behaves roughly as the the trend displayed by the energy difference between the fcc and bcc crystal structures. The theoretical results are generally in ~90% agreement with experiment for the tetragonal shear constant and this implies indirectly that the discrepancy between theory and experiment found for the crystal energies do not lie in the theoretical data.

scholarly journals Entry-Proofness and Discriminatory Pricing under Adverse Selection

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (8) ◽  
pp. 2623-2659
Author(s):  
Andrea Attar ◽  
Thomas Mariotti ◽  
François Salanié
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Selection ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Unique Equilibrium ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
Recursive Structure ◽  
Equilibrium Outcome ◽  
Balanced Allocation ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

This paper studies competitive allocations under adverse selection. We first provide a general necessary and sufficient condition for entry on an inactive market to be unprofitable. We then use this result to characterize, for an active market, a unique budget-balanced allocation implemented by a market tariff making additional trades with an entrant unprofitable. Motivated by the recursive structure of this allocation, we finally show that it emerges as the essentially unique equilibrium outcome of a discriminatory ascending auction. These results yield sharp predictions for competitive nonexclusive markets. (JEL D11, D43, D82, D86)

scholarly journals Stability Analysis of a Dynamical Model for Malware Propagation with Generic Nonlinear Countermeasure and Infection Probabilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Xulong Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxia Song
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Dynamical Model ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Asymptotically Stable ◽  
Unique Equilibrium ◽  
Globally Asymptotically Stable ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Malware Propagation ◽  
Theoretical Results

The dissemination of countermeasures is widely recognized as one of the most effective strategies of inhibiting malware propagation, and the study of general countermeasure and infection has an important and practical significance. On this point, a dynamical model incorporating generic nonlinear countermeasure and infection probabilities is proposed. Theoretical analysis shows that the model has a unique equilibrium which is globally asymptotically stable. Accordingly, a real network based on the model assumptions is constructed, and some numerical simulations are conducted on it. Simulations not only illustrate theoretical results but also demonstrate the reasonability of general countermeasure and infection.

The core of a strategic game

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parkash Chander
Keyword(s):  
Partition Function ◽  
Cooperative Game ◽  
Unique Equilibrium ◽  
Strategic Game ◽  
Function Form ◽  
Equilibrium Outcome ◽  
Cooperative Solution ◽  
Payoff Vector ◽  
The Core ◽  
Partition Function Form

AbstractIn this paper, I introduce and study the $\gamma$-core of a general strategic game. I first show that the $\gamma$-core of an arbitrary strategic game is smaller than the conventional $\alpha$- and $\beta$- cores. I then consider the partition function form of a general strategic game and show that a prominent class of partition function games admit nonempty $\gamma$-cores. Finally, I show that each $\gamma$-core payoff vector (a cooperative solution) can be supported as an equilibrium outcome of an intuitive non-cooperative game and the grand coalition is the unique equilibrium outcome if and only if the $\gamma$-core is non-empty.

scholarly journals Multiple equilibria in a simple elastocapillary system

2012 ◽  
Vol 712 ◽  
pp. 273-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Taroni ◽  
Dominic Vella
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Equilibria ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Multiple Equilibrium ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Micro Channels ◽  
Simple Model System ◽  
Stable Equilibria ◽  
The Stability

AbstractWe consider the elastocapillary interaction of a liquid drop placed between two elastic beams, which are both clamped at one end to a rigid substrate. This is a simple model system relevant to the problem of surface-tension-induced collapse of flexible micro-channels that has been observed in the manufacture of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). We determine the conditions under which the beams remain separated, touch at a point, or stick along a portion of their length. Surprisingly, we show that in many circumstances multiple equilibrium states are possible. We develop a lubrication-type model for the flow of liquid out of equilibrium and thereby investigate the stability of the multiple equilibria. We demonstrate that for given material properties two stable equilibria may exist, and show via numerical solutions of the dynamic model that it is the initial state of the system that determines which stable equilibrium is ultimately reached.

scholarly journals Deposit Competition and Financial Fragility: Evidence from the US Banking Sector

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Egan ◽  
Ali Hortaçsu ◽  
Gregor Matvos
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Multiple Equilibria ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Financial Fragility ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Capital Requirement ◽  
Bank Run ◽  
Bank Regulations ◽  
The Us

We develop a structural empirical model of the US banking sector. Insured depositors and run-prone uninsured depositors choose between differentiated banks. Banks compete for deposits and endogenously default. The estimated demand for uninsured deposits declines with banks' financial distress, which is not the case for insured deposits. We calibrate the supply side of the model. The calibrated model possesses multiple equilibria with bank-run features, suggesting that banks can be very fragile. We use our model to analyze proposed bank regulations. For example, our results suggest that a capital requirement below 18 percent can lead to significant instability in the banking system. (JEL E44, G01, G21, G28, G32)

scholarly journals Periodic Oscillations in a Chemostat Model with Two Discrete Delays

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tiansi Zhang ◽  
Xuehui Ji ◽  
Bo Li
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Recycling ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Positive Equilibrium ◽  
Chemostat Model ◽  
Periodic Oscillations ◽  
System A ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Discrete Delays ◽  
Linearized System ◽  
Theoretical Results

Periodic oscillations of solutions of a chemostat-type model in which a species feeds on a limiting nutrient are considered. The model incorporates two discrete delays representing the lag in nutrient recycling and nutrient conversion. Through the study of characteristic equation associated with the linearized system, a unique positive equilibrium is found and proved to be locally asymptotically stable under some conditions. Meanwhile, a Hopf bifurcation causing periodic solutions is also obtained. Numerical simulations illustrate the theoretical results.

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