scholarly journals Space-Based Earth Observations for Disaster Risk Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1209-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Le Cozannet ◽  
M. Kervyn ◽  
S. Russo ◽  
C. Ifejika Speranza ◽  
P. Ferrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Earth Observations ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Societal Benefits ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Management Cycle ◽  
Disaster Management Cycle

Abstract As space-based Earth observations are delivering a growing amount and variety of data, the potential of this information to better support disaster risk management is coming into increased scrutiny. Disaster risk management actions are commonly divided into the different steps of the disaster management cycle, which include: prevention, to minimize future losses; preparedness and crisis management, often focused on saving lives; and post-crisis management aiming at re-establishing services supporting human activities. Based on a literature review and examples of studies in the area of coastal, hydro-meteorological and geohazards, this review examines how space-based Earth observations have addressed the needs for information in the area of disaster risk management so far. We show that efforts have essentially focused on hazard assessments or supporting crisis management, whereas a number of needs still remain partly fulfilled for vulnerability and exposure mapping, as well as adaptation planning. A promising way forward to maximize the impact of Earth observations includes multi-risk approaches, which mutualize the collection of time-evolving vulnerability and exposure data across different hazards. Opportunities exist as programmes such as the Copernicus Sentinels are now delivering Earth observations of an unprecedented quality, quantity and repetitiveness, as well as initiatives from the disaster risk science communities such as the development of observatories. We argue that, as a complement to this, more systematic efforts to (1) build capacity and (2) evaluate where space-based Earth observations can support disaster risk management would be useful to maximize its societal benefits.

scholarly journals PREPAREDNESS FOR DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT (DRM), CASE STUDIES: KELANTAN FLOOD, MALAYSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-392
Author(s):  
MOHD SAYUTI HASSAN ◽  
MURSHIDAH ABDUL JAFFAR ◽  
SHAHAD KHALDOON ABDULAMEER ◽  
SITI FAIRUZ MOHD RADZI ◽  
VISHANTHINI KANASAN
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Global Sustainability ◽  
World Cafe ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Town ◽  
Management Cycle ◽  
Disaster Management Cycle

In accordance to the massive flash floods that hit Eastern part of Malaysia, which is mostly Kelantan state, a conference was held to explore ideas and sustainable solutions for the disaster. This paper describes one output of the five pillars of disaster management cycle that is “Preparedness” in Disaster Risk Management for Sustainable Development (DRM-SD) model, which was developed by Centre for Global Sustainability Studies (CGSS) Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). The purpose is to come out with possible solutions and steps to be taken to mitigate the flood disaster while preparing for any possibilities. The method used for the conference is The Town Hall-World Café concept. Over 225 possible solutions are produced in two days in which the conference is conducted. Included in this paper are the recommendations that were found and the organizations which are responsible for the act.

scholarly journals Disaster Risk Management Through the DesignSafe Cyberinfrastructure

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-734
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Pinelli ◽  
Maria Esteva ◽  
Ellen M. Rathje ◽  
David Roueche ◽  
Scott J. Brandenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Risk Modeling ◽  
Regional Risk Assessment ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDesignSafe addresses the challenges of supporting integrative data-driven research in natural hazards engineering. It is an end-to-end data management, communications, and analysis platform where users collect, generate, analyze, curate, and publish large data sets from a variety of sources, including experiments, simulations, field research, and post-disaster reconnaissance. DesignSafe achieves key objectives through: (1) integration with high performance and cloud-computing resources to support the computational needs of the regional risk assessment community; (2) the possibility to curate and publish diverse data structures emphasizing relationships and understandability; and (3) facilitation of real time communications during natural hazards events and disasters for data and information sharing. The resultant services and tools shorten data cycles for resiliency evaluation, risk modeling validation, and forensic studies. This article illustrates salient features of the cyberinfrastructure. It summarizes its design principles, architecture, and functionalities. The focus is on case studies to show the impact of DesignSafe on the disaster risk community. The Next Generation Liquefaction project collects and standardizes case histories of earthquake-induced soil liquefaction into a relational database—DesignSafe—to permit users to interact with the data. Researchers can correlate in DesignSafe building dynamic characteristics based on data from building sensors, with observed damage based on ground motion measurements. Reconnaissance groups upload, curate, and publish wind, seismic, and coastal damage data they gather during field reconnaissance missions, so these datasets are available shortly after a disaster. As a part of the education and community outreach efforts of DesignSafe, training materials and collaboration space are also offered to the disaster risk management community.

AWARENESS AS AN ADAPTATION STRATEGY FOR REDUCING MORTALITY FROM HEAT WAVES: EVIDENCE FROM A DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT PROGRAM IN INDIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250010 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAUDAMINI DAS ◽  
STEPHEN C. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Heat Wave ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Heat Stroke ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The Impact

Heat waves, defined as an interval of abnormally hot and humid weather, have become a prominent killer in recent years. With heat waves worsening with climate change, adaptation is essential; one strategy has been to issue heat wave warnings and undertake awareness campaigns to bring about behavioral changes to reduce heat stroke. Since 2002, the Indian state of Odisha has been undertaking a grassroots awareness campaign on "dos and don'ts" during heat wave conditions through the disaster risk management (DRM) program. The selection criteria for DRM districts were earthquake, flood and cyclone incidence; but subsequently, heat wave awareness also received intensive attention in these districts. We present quasi-experimental evidence on the impact of the program, taking DRM districts and periods as treatment units and the rest as controls, analyzing the impact on the death toll from heat stroke for the 1998 to 2010 period, using difference-in-difference (DID) regressions with a district level panel data set and a set of control variables. We find indications of program effectiveness with initial DID specifications, but results are not always robust. We then take into account a statewide heat wave advertising program, to which the poor have limited exposure but which may also provide spillover benefits, using a triple differencing approach; results suggest the heat wave awareness programs may have complementary impacts. We examine research strategies for further improvement in the precision of impact evaluation results for innovative programs of this type.

scholarly journals When Disaster Risk Management Systems Fail: The Case of Cyclone Idai in Chimanimani District, Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Munsaka ◽  
Chipo Mudavanhu ◽  
Lucy Sakala ◽  
Pepukai Manjeru ◽  
Diego Matsvange
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Method Approach

AbstractOn 14 March 2019, Zimbabwe was hit by Cyclone Idai, leaving immeasurable destruction of unprecedented magnitude in its wake. In Chimanimani District, many lives were lost, many people were reported missing, and others were displaced. The question that immediately comes to mind is: Was the country prepared to manage the Cyclone Idai disaster? Reflecting on the community experiences, the purpose of this research was to interrogate the strength of the disaster risk reduction legislation and institutions in Zimbabwe in the face of meteorological hazards. The research also evaluated the extent of the impact Cyclone Idai had on the Chimanimani communities and the factors that increased the vulnerability to the cyclone. A mixed method approach that involved 1180 participants was used. The study found that disaster risk management legislation and institutions in Zimbabwe are weak. Cyclone Idai resulted in the loss of many human lives, loss of livelihoods, and massive damage to infrastructure. The cyclone exposed capacity and policy gaps in Zimbabwe’s disaster risk management system. The study makes a number of recommendations, including strengthening disaster legislation and policy, and disaster risk governance. Given the communities’ response to the disaster occurrence, the study also recommends strengthening social capital.

Exploring awareness and application of disaster risk management cycle (DRMC) from stakeholder's perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Aisyah Ahmad Basri ◽  
Sharifah Akmam Syed Zakaria ◽  
Taksiah A.Majid ◽  
Zulkifli Yusop
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Extreme Event ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Response Recovery ◽  
Management Of Resources ◽  
Management Cycle

Purpose The disaster risk management cycle (DRMC) is a part of the important efforts designed to handle disaster risk. DRMC contains the following four phases: response, recovery, mitigation and preparedness. This paper aims to determine the awareness of stakeholder on DRMC and to explore the application of DRMC from stakeholder’s perspective. Design/methodology/approach Disaster is an extreme event that causes heavy loss of life, properties and livelihood. Every year, Malaysia has been affected by disasters, whether natural or manmade. DRM is the management of resources and the responsibility for dealing with all aspects of an emergency. An effective DRM requires a combination of knowledge and skills. Questionnaires were distributed to the construction industry players and flood victims. Findings Results obtained on the basis of the survey revealed that a majority of respondents are unaware of DRMC. In addition, combination of professional and non-professional respondent’s perspectives in each phase of DRMC and effects of disaster are presented by the hierarchy. Originality/value The study of DRMC is commonly about the explanation or comparison of the concept but infrequently in the application of the DRMC. This study will fill the gap between theory and application of DRMC. The study aimed to determine whether the construction industry player and community aware of DRMC and to explore DRMC of flood event from perspective of industry players and flood victims. From this comparison, the management can create a better cycle of disaster management to handle various type disaster and to anticipate disaster risks.

scholarly journals Evaluating earthquake disaster risk management in schools in Rungwe Volcanic Province in Tanzania

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evaristo Haulle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Volcanic Province ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Vulnerability Assessments ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
School Curricula

This article establishes existing knowledge on earthquakes and coping mechanisms employed in reducing the severity of adverse impacts caused by an earthquake disaster in a specific locality. The purpose of the study was to recommend useful measures for disaster risk management. It also more particularly aimed at assessing mechanisms employed in reducing the disaster risk and integrating knowledge of disasters and hazards in primary and secondary school curricula. The study was carried out in Rungwe Volcanic Province in Rungwe District, Tanzania, and included recording people’s attitudes towards earthquake disaster and locations of schools. It employed focus group discussions, public hearings and interviews in order to capture the actual situation relating to risk and vulnerability assessments by the community. The study revealed high levels of risk and vulnerability to the impact of earthquakes on the part of the community, who accepted earthquakes as a normal phenomenon and therefore did not employ special measures to reduce the impact. The study showed that the community’s coping mechanisms and the extent to which disaster management knowledge has been integrated in school curricula are inadequate in addressing earthquake disasters. It is thus recommended that traditional and modern technologies be integrated in curricula and later in sustainable practices; such technologies include the belief in ‘Nyifwila’, traditional housing style and wooden housing, and non-structural planning for disaster risk management.

scholarly journals The Communities Understandings on the Roles of Government in Mitigating Trans boundary Haze Pollution in Sarawak Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahi Sarok ◽  
Mohd Nashriq Bin Nizam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Haze Pollution ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collection Methods

This study examines the communities understandings on the disaster risk management, government actions in  the legislation and enforcement and the role of ASEAN’s in dealing with trans boundary haze pollution  in the Sri Aman, Sarawak. Data collection methods was based on the interview schedule. The analysis was constructed on one hundred (100) respondents. A five-point Likert Scale is used which consist of five main constructs that us related to the objectives of the study namely, the community’s understanding of the haze issue, the awareness of the Disaster Risk Management on haze, government’s action in addressing the haze issue, ASEAN’s role in dealing with trans boundary haze pollution and the impact of haze on community’s livelihood. The study’s result shows that community in Sri Aman are generally agree with understanding on the haze issue with the mean of 4.39 and standard deviation of 0.81. Besides, the community are also aware on the Disaster Risk Management towards haze with the respondent’s feedback that shows that almost 70.0 percent agreed as their feedback. Majority of the respondents (93.86%) with the mean of ranging from 4.26 to 4.83 and standard deviation from 0.38 to 0.91 are agree and support the action from government. The construct on ASEAN’s role in dealing with trans boundary haze pollution has a positive result with mean of 4.20 and standard deviation of 0.77. While, the impact of haze towards their livelihood shows that most of the respondents understand with the value mean of 4.29. The communities in Sri Aman understand the Disaster Risk Management, a government’s action on the legislation and enforcement and the ASEAN’s role when dealing with trans boundary haze. However the community need to be exposed with Disaster Risk Management Training and adopt it is because it will help them to analyse and learn from their experience on the disaster.  Eventually it will enhance the communities understanding on risk posed by trans boundary haze..

scholarly journals DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT: UPAYA PREVENTIF DALAM MEMBENTUK PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT MERESPON PANDEMI COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Djoko Adi Prasetyo ◽  
Falih Suaedi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The Covid-19 pandemic affects all sectors of life. The government has made various efforts to respond to the impact of the pandemic, but the success of government efforts is determined by public perceptions. Communities have an important role in shaping collective behavior in responding to pandemic disasters, there are people who respond well to pandemic disasters and there are people who underestimate pandemic disasters. The formation of public perceptions is caused by the lack of knowledge about the pandemic and the virus itself, so it is necessary to form public perceptions about the Covid-19 pandemic through disaster risk management. This community service activity aims to provide understanding and public awareness as a preventive effort in shaping the public's perception of responding to the Covid-19 pandemic. This community service activity is carried out by means of socialization and training to the community in Suko Sewu District, Bojonegoro Regency. The results of the pre-test and post-test on the practical knowledge of the community showed an average increase of 85 percent. With these results, it can help the public in forming perceptions about the Covid-19 pandemic and can transmit these perceptions to the surrounding community. abstrakPandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada semua sektor kehidupan. Pemerintah telah melakukan berbagai upaya dalam merespons dampak pandemi tersebut akan tetapi keberhasilan upaya pemerintah ditentukan oleh persepsi masyarakat. Masyarakat memiliki peran penting dalam membentuk perilaku kolektif dalam merespons bencana pandemi, terdapat masyarakat yang menyikapi bencana pandemi dengan baik dan terdapat masyarakat yang menganggap remeh bencana pandemi. Pembentukan persepsi masyarakat disebabkan oleh minimnya pengetahuan mengenai pandemi maupun virus itu sendiri sehingga perlu untuk membentuk persepsi masyarakat mengenai pandemi Covid-19 melalui disaster risk management. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman dan kesadaran masyarakat sebagai upaya preventif dalam membentuk persepsi masyarakat merespons pandemi Covid-19. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan cara sosialisasi dan pelatihan kepada masyarakat di Kecamatan Suko Sewu Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Hasil pre-test dan post-test terhadap pengetahuan praktis masyarakat menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 85 persen. Dengan hasil ini dapat membantu masyarakat dalam membentuk persepsi mengenai pandemi Covid-19 dan dapat menularkan persepsi tersebut kepada masyarakat sekitar.

Natural Disasters and Risk Management

2022 ◽  
pp. 21-41
Author(s):  
Milica Jovanović Vujatović ◽  
Sandra Milanović ◽  
Ivana Janjić
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Natural Disaster Risk ◽  
Negative Factors

In recent years, natural disasters have compelled public authorities, organizations, and citizens to increase their efforts in properly planning and implementing effective risk management procedures. Accordingly, in literature contemporary concepts such as natural disaster risk management and crisis management emerged. Therefore, the chapter aims to shed light on the significance of natural disaster risk management and crisis management in the development of an effective societal system by its transformation and to point out the positive and negative factors influencing these management activities. The authors will firstly give an overview of these two concepts, their elements, and development phases, and afterward, the investigation of possible positive and negative factors of natural disaster risk management will be introduced. The chapter will make a significant contribution to filling the gap in the literature on mitigating the influence of natural disasters and risk management.

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