Monitoring a gender gap in interest and social aspects of technology in different age groups

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Marth ◽  
Franz X. Bogner
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Social Aspects Of Technology

scholarly journals Illness narratives of substance users from urban India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Singh
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Drug Abuse Treatment ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Therapeutic Dialogue ◽  
The Social ◽  
Abuse Treatment

Reading Veena Das’s book 'Affliction: Health, Disease, Poverty' was a journey of revelations for me as a health professional. The various dialects of illness that are spoken in the rapidly urbanizing Indian community become coherent, lending a voice to the distinctive sociocultural distress of the men and women who form a part of it. A discussion of the social aspects of illness brings certain questions to mind: Does the medical community fully understand those it tries to help? Is the therapeutic dialogue about the social dimensions of medical problems or vice versa? How do we bridge the mental health gender gap in our societies? To try and find some answers, I present the illness stories of two women who sought treatment at drug abuse treatment clinics in the urban slums of New Delhi. This think piece describes substance use disorder in the context of the cultural processes that have shaped these women, their families, and society.

scholarly journals Gender Dependency and Cultural Independency of Science Interest in an Open and Distant Science Learning Environment

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayelet Baram-Tsabari ◽  
Alaa Kaadni Kaadni
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Science Interest ◽  
Science Interests ◽  
Religious Aspects ◽  
Science Learning Environment

This study aims to describe the similarities and differences in the science interests of males and females from Israeli and Arab Middle Eastern countries, as derived from over 1,000 science questions sent to an international ask-a-scientist site. Our findings indicate that while the stereotypical gender gap in interest persists, and significant differences were found between the age groups, no significant differences were found between science questions that were sent by Israelis and Arabs. Furthermore, no correlation was found between female participation and the state of gender equity in the country, and only 1% of the questions made any reference to country-specific, local, or religious aspects. One may conclude that science interests are gender- and age-dependent but culturally-independent in this asynchronous, open and distant science learning environment. Further research is needed in order to determine if this is a genuine attribute of science interest in ODL environments or an outcome of the digital divide in the region.

scholarly journals Non-communicable diseases are key to further narrow gender gap in life expectancy in Shanghai, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanyi Chen ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Lianghong Sun ◽  
Yichen Chen ◽  
Xiaobin Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Plateau Phase ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Abstract Background To address change in gender gap of life expectancy (GGLE) in Shanghai from 1973 to 2018, and to identify the major causes of death and age groups associated with the change overtime.Methods Retrospective demographic analysis with application of Joinpoint regression to evaluate the temporal trend in GGLE. Causes of death were coded in accordance with International Classification of Diseases and mapped with the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) cause list. Life table technique and decomposition method was used to express changes in GGLE.Results Trend of GGLE in Shanghai experienced two phases ie., a decrease from 8.4 to 4.2 years in the descent phase (1973-1999) and a fluctuation between 4.0 and 4.9 years in the plateau phase (1999-2018). The reduced age-specific mortality rates tended to concentrate to a narrower age range, from age 0-9 and above 30 years in the descent phase to age above 55 years in the plateau phase. Gastroesophageal and liver cancer, communicable, chronic respiratory and digestive diseases were once the major contributors to narrow GGLE in the descent phase. While importance should be attached to a widening effect on GGLE by lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases, other neoplasms like colorectal and pancreatic cancer and diabetes in recent plateau phase.Conclusions Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have made GGLE enter a plateau phase from a descent phase in Shanghai China. Public efforts to reduce excess mortalities for male NCDs, cancers, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes in particular and health policies focused on the middle-aged and elderly population might further narrow GGLE and ensure improvement in health and health equity in Shanghai China.

scholarly journals LITERATE LIFE EXPECTANCY AND ITS GENDER DIFFERENTIALS IN OMAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
M. Mazharul Islam ◽  
Md. Hasinur Rahaman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Gender Differentials

Measuring human quality and well-being by the human development index (HDI) is very challenging as it is a composite index of many socio-economic variables. However, a simple index called literate life expectancy (LLE) by combining life expectancy and literacy only can be used as an alternative measure, which is less data intensive than HDI. LLE is the average life expectancy that a person lives under literate state. Length of life in literate state has many positive implications on social, economic and political aspects of life. In this paper an attempt has been made to construct LLE for Omani population with its gender differentials. The data for the study were extracted from the 2015 Statistical Year Book and the 2010 Population and Census report of Oman published by the National Centre for Statistics & Information. Despite socioeconomic progress, levels of education among women in Oman are not the same as men. The analysis shows the remarkable differences in the LLE between men and women for almost all age groups. The Omani female population is much lag behind in literate life expectancy than the Omani male population. The results underscore the need to take necessary steps for reducing gender gap in LLE in Oman.  

scholarly journals Medico-social aspects of health of children in large families

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 361-366
Author(s):  
Dina I. Zelinskaya ◽  
R. N. Terletskaya ◽  
S. A. Rozhkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Families ◽  
Households With Children ◽  
Economic Indices ◽  
High Level ◽  
Regional Character

The prevalence rate of large families in Russia has distinct regional character. So, a number of the subjects referred to the North Caucasus Federal Okrug are characterized by traditionally high level of a possession of many children. Such families distinguish from other categories of families on all socio-economic indices of the life quality and differ in both the maximum risk and degree ofpoverty. The share of the families having three and more children among needy households with children for the last decade has increased. Questions in the sphere of legislative and practical providing the rights and interests of members of large families which are regarded as insufficiently effective are discussed. Small number of studies devoted to the state of health, the organization of medical care and medico-social escort of children from large families was noted. There were sufficiently studied psychological and pedagogical aspects of this problem. Children of various age groups from large families were established to retard on all quantitative and qualitative indices of the physical development, differ in lower level of health and bigger prevalence of disability. There was substantiated the need for the elaboration of system of medico-social escort of the children who are brought up in large families as a real opportunity in modern conditions to influence on the shaping of health and its level for this category of the children’s population of Russia.

scholarly journals Main components of life expectancy increase during the cardiovascular revolution in spain

2020 ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Aina Faus-Bertomeu ◽  
Ramón Domènech Giménez ◽  
Svitlana Poniakina ◽  
Noelia Cámara-Izquierdo ◽  
Rosa Gómez-Redondo
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Health Trends ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

The circulatory system diseases have contributed decisively to an increase in life expectancy (LE) in Spain. The contribution to LE is calculated through a decomposition analysis by sex and five-year age groups. We divide the years studied into two periods, 1980–1996 and 1996–2012. Using the Human Cause-of-Death Database (HCD), we examine specific subcauses at a 4-digit ICD-10 level and how they contribute to the change in LE among men and among women. The analysis shows that cerebrovascular diseases (CBVDs) contribute most to years gained until 1996, while ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) contribute most thereafter. Among women, the largest increase is due to specific CBVDs subcauses; among men IHD subcauses also have an important role. Regarding contribution by age, gains by CVDs are particularly significant at older ages, while contributions by IHDs are more relevant from the age of 50 onwards, especially among men. Furthermore, the gender gap in LE is influenced by the different evolution of various circulatory diseases during the period of study, but the evolution of these diseases is not always reflected equally in both sexes. The study evidences the need for greater precision in the registers in order to take advantage of the potentialities of the 4-digit classification of the ICD, thus leading to a better in depth knowledge in health trends. Finally, it shows the mortality due to modifiable factors mainly classified in IHDs, and the consequent need for the Spanish health system to act on them.Las enfermedades del sistema circulatorio, han contribuido de manera decisiva al aumento de la esperanza de vida (LE) en España. Las contribuciones a la LE se calculan a través de un análisis de descomposición por sexo y grupos de edad quinquenales. Dividimos los años estudiados en dos períodos, 1980–1996 y 1996–2012. Utilizando la Human Cause-of-Death Database (HCD), examinamos subcausas específicas a un nivel de 4 dígitos de ICD-10 y cómo contribuyen al aumento o disminución de LE tanto en hombres como en mujeres. El análisis muestra que las enfermedades cerebrovasculares (CBVD) son las que más contribuyen a los años ganados hasta 1996, mientras que las enfermedades isquémicas (IHD) son las que más contribuyen posteriormente. Entre las mujeres, el mayor aumento se debe a subcausas específicas de las CBVD; en los hombres, las subcausas de IHD también tienen un papel importante. En lo que respecta a la contribución por edad, las ganancias por CBVDs son particularmente significativas en las edades mayores, mientras que las contribuciones por las IHD son más relevantes a partir de los 50 años, especialmente entre los hombres. La brecha entre hombres y mujeres en la LE está influenciada por la evolución diferente de varias enfermedades circulatorias durante el período de estudio, pero la evolución de estas enfermedades no siempre se refleja por igual en ambos sexos. Además, se pone en evidencia la necesidad de una mayor precisión en los registros para aprovechar las potencialidades de la clasificación a 4 dígitos de la CIE, alcanzando de este modo un conocimiento más profundo de las tendencias de salud. Finalmente, el estudio muestra la mortalidad debida a factores modificables que se clasifican principalmente en las IHD, y la consiguiente necesidad de que el sistema de salud español actúe sobre ellas.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Children’s Non-Leisure Activities: A Decomposition Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Dayang Haszelinna Abang Ali ◽  
Rosita Hamdan ◽  
Audrey Liwan ◽  
Josephine Yau Tan Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Son Preference ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Indonesia Family Life Survey ◽  
Fourth Wave

The prevalence of son preference indicates that girls will have less leisure time compared to boys. This study aims to examine gender differences in weekly hours in schooling, housework, and working among children in Indonesia using Tobit Model and decomposition model of Bauer & Sinning (2005), to test whether son preference explains the differences. The dataset was drawn from the fourth wave of Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2007. The results show significant gender differences in housework and working for children aged 5–14 years and insignificant gender gap in schooling for both age groups. These results confirm the existence of gender differences among younger children compared to older children in their time allocation.

scholarly journals The gender health gap in Europe’s ageing societies: universal findings across countries and age groups?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Schmitz ◽  
Patrick Lazarevič
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Activity Limitations ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Heart Attacks ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Health Gap

AbstractWe provide a systematic country and age group comparison of the gender gap in several generic health indicators and more specific morbidity outcomes. Using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement (SHARE), we examined the gender gap in the prevalence of poor self-rated health, chronic health conditions, activity limitations, multimorbidity, pain, heart attacks, diabetes, and depression in three age groups (50–64, 65–79, and 80+) based on linear probability models with and without adjustment for covariates. While women were typically disadvantaged regarding poor self-rated health, chronic health conditions, activity limitations, multimorbidity, pain, and depression, men had a higher prevalence of heart attacks and diabetes. However, the gender gap’s magnitude and sometimes even its direction varied considerably with some age trends apparent. Regarding some health indicators, the gender gap tended to be higher in Southern and Eastern Europe than in Western and Northern Europe. All in all, the presence of a gender health gap cannot be regarded as a universal finding as the gap tended to widen, narrow or even reverse with age depending on the indicator and country.

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