The Chirality Parameter for Chiral Chemical Solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1171-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Mohammadi-Baghaee ◽  
Jalil Rashed-Mohassel
Keyword(s):  
Chirality Parameter ◽  
Chemical Solutions

scholarly journals Effect of Herbicides on the Management of the Invasive Weed Solanum rostratum Dunal (Solanaceae)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Jackline Abu-Nassar ◽  
Maor Matzrafi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Solanum Rostratum ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Chemical Solutions ◽  
Late Growth

Solanum rostratum Dunal is an invasive weed species that invaded Israel in the 1950s. The weed appears in several germination flashes, from early spring until late summer. Recently, an increase in its distribution range was observed, alongside the identification of new populations in the northern part of Israel. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of herbicide application for the control of S. rostratum using two field populations originated from the Golan Heights and the Jezreel Valley. While minor differences in herbicide efficacy were recorded between populations, plant growth stage had a significant effect on herbicide response. Carfentrazone-ethyl was found to be highly effective in controlling plants at both early and late growth stages. Metribuzin, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen and tembutrione showed reduced efficacy when applied at later growth stage (8–9 cm height), as compared to the application at an early growth stage (4–5 cm height). Tank mixes of oxadiazon and oxyfluorfen with different concentrations of surfactant improved later growth stage plant control. Taken together, our study highlights several herbicides that can improve weed control and may be used as chemical solutions alongside diversified crop rotation options. Thus, they may aid in preventing the spread and further buildup of S. rostratum field populations.

scholarly journals Effects of Water and Chemical Solutions Ageing on the Physical, Mechanical, Thermal and Flammability Properties of Natural Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4581
Author(s):  
Baljinder K. Kandola ◽  
S. Ilker Mistik ◽  
Wiwat Pornwannachai ◽  
A. Richard Horrocks
Keyword(s):  
Salt Water ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Moisture Sorption ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Wool Fibre ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Chemical Solutions ◽  
Pp Composites

Biocomposites comprising a combination of natural fibres and bio-based polymers are good alternatives to those produced from synthetic components in terms of sustainability and environmental issues. However, it is well known that water or aqueous chemical solutions affect natural polymers/fibres more than the respective synthetic components. In this study the effects of water, salt water, acidic and alkali solutions ageing on water uptake, mechanical properties and flammability of natural fibre-reinforced polypropylene (PP) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites were compared. Jute, sisal and wool fibre- reinforced PP and PLA composites were prepared using a novel, patented nonwoven technology followed by the hot press method. The prepared composites were aged in water and chemical solutions for up to 3 week periods. Water absorption, flexural properties and the thermal and flammability performances of the composites were investigated before and after ageing each process. The effect of post-ageing drying on the retention of mechanical and flammability properties has also been studied. A linear relationship between irreversible flexural modulus reduction and water adsorption/desorption was observed. The aqueous chemical solutions caused further but minor effects in terms of moisture sorption and flexural modulus changes. PLA composites were affected more than the respective PP composites, because of their hydrolytic sensitivity. From thermal analytical results, these changes in PP composites could be attributed to ageing effects on fibres, whereas in PLA composite changes related to both those of fibres present and of the polymer. Ageing however, had no adverse effect on the flammability of the composites.

Ferromagnetic 1D oxide nanostructures grown from chemical solutions in confined geometries

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 2042-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Carretero-Genevrier ◽  
T. Puig ◽  
X. Obradors ◽  
N. Mestres
Keyword(s):  
Confined Geometries ◽  
Oxide Nanostructures ◽  
Chemical Solutions

scholarly journals Swelling Properties and Permeability of GMZ Bentonite-Sand Mixtures during Different Solutions Infiltration

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1622
Author(s):  
Yu-Ping Wang ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Fa-Cheng Yi ◽  
Bao-Long Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Swelling Pressure ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Gmz Bentonite ◽  
Test Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Swelling Capacity ◽  
Slow Expansion ◽  
Expansion Stage ◽  
Chemical Solutions

In China, Gaomiaozi (GMZ) bentonite is recognized as a barrier material for isolating nuclear waste. Different chemical solutions may change the hydraulic conductivity and swelling capacity of bentonite. Consequently, a series of swelling pressure and permeability experiments was carried out on bentonite-sand mixtures with various dry densities and infiltrating solutions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) were carried out on the samples experiencing the tests to identify the influence of chemistry pore solutions upon the mineralogical and microstructure changes. The results show that the swelling pressure experienced rapid swelling, slow expansion, and the stable expansion stage for the specimens of infiltrating solutions except for NaOH. For the specimens infiltrated with NaOH solutions, the swelling pressure experienced rapid increases, slow decreases, and a stable development stage. With hyper-alkaline and hyper-salinity infiltration, the swelling pressure decreased, and the permeability increased. In addition, swelling pressure attained stability more quickly on contact with hyper-alkaline and hyper-salinity solutions. Comparing the test results, the results indicate that the influence of NaOH on the expansion and permeability was higher than NaCl-Na2SO4 at the same concentration.

Electrostatic charge interaction: a case study on tapered PMMA fiber for calcium nitrate detection

Sensor Review ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Batumalay ◽  
A. Lokman ◽  
H.A. Rahman ◽  
S.W. Harun ◽  
H. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Fiber Optic Sensor ◽  
Multimode Fiber ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Charge Interaction ◽  
Chemical Solutions

Purpose – This paper aims to propose and demonstrate a simple fiber optic sensor using a tapered plastic multimode fiber as a probe for measurement of calcium nitrate concentrations in de-ionized water. Design/methodology/approach – The working mechanism is based on the observed increment in the transmission of the sensor that is immersed in calcium nitrate solution of higher concentration. The tapering of the plastic fiber is carried out by etching method using acetone, sand paper and de-ionized water. Findings – Tapered fiber with diameter 0.45 mm gives the highest sensitivity of 0.028 mV/% due to better interaction between the evanescent field and the calcium nitrate solution with a good slope linearity of more than 98 per cent for a 1.07 per cent limit of detection in a straight probe arrangement. The use of calcium and nitrate ions within the sensing medium demonstrates the strong dependency of the sensor output trend on the electrolytic nature of the chemical solutions. Originality/value – Demonstration of tapered plastic multimode fiber sensor probe for measurement electrolytic chemical solutions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document