Active-type starch synthase (SS) IIa from indica rice partially complements the sugary-1 phenotype in japonica rice endosperm

Abstract: In the present study, germinated brown rice (GBR) from three Japonica and three Indica rice cultivars were subjected to metabolomics analysis and volatile profiling. The statistical assessment and pathway analysis of the metabolomics data demonstrated that in spite of significant metabolic changes in response to the germination treatment, the Japonica rice cultivars consistently expressed higher levels of several health-promoting compounds, such as essential amino acids and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), than the Indica cultivars. No clear discriminations of the volatile profiles were observed in light of the subspecies, and the concentrations of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including alkenes, aldehydes, furans, ketones, and alcohols, all exhibited significant reductions ranging from 26.8% to 64.1% after the germination. The results suggest that the Japonica cultivars might be desirable as the raw materials for generating and selecting GBR food products for health-conscious consumers.

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Naturally Occurring Variations in Starch Synthase Isoforms in Rice Endosperm

Journal of Applied Glycoscience ◽

10.5458/jag.50.213 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 213-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Takayuki Umemoto ◽

Noriaki Aoki ◽

Takeshi Ebitani

Keyword(s):

Starch Synthase ◽

Rice Endosperm ◽

Naturally Occurring

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Re-evaluation of the rice ‘Green Revolution’ gene: the weak allele SD1-EQ from japonica rice may be beneficial for super indica rice breeding in the post-Green Revolution era

Molecular Breeding ◽

10.1007/s11032-020-01164-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Yilan Yu ◽

Xiaojie Hu ◽

Yuxing Zhu ◽

Donghai Mao

Keyword(s):

Indica Rice ◽

Green Revolution ◽

Japonica Rice ◽

Rice Breeding

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Deep Ocean Water Concentrate Changes Physicochemical Characteristics, the Profile of Volatile Components and Consumer Acceptance for Taiwanese Rice Shochu

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9121806 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1806

Author(s):

Ming-Kuei Shih ◽

Qiao-Yu Hsu ◽

Bo-Kang Liou ◽

Yu-Han Peng ◽

Chih-Yao Hou

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Indica Rice ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Deep Ocean ◽

Volatile Components ◽

Japonica Rice ◽

Ocean Water ◽

Ethyl Hexanoate ◽

Deep Ocean Water

To study the effects of deep-ocean water concentrate (DOWC) on sake quality, Taichung No. 10 indica rice (Oryza sativa subsp. indica) and Tainan No. 11 japonica rice (O. sativa subsp. japonica) were used as raw materials, and basic physicochemical property parameters in shochu were analyzed differentially. Sake fermentation mash analysis results revealed that DOWC addition did not significantly affect the basic physicochemical properties during sake brewing, but it significantly reduced citric acid and malic acid contents in Taichung No. 10 indica rice sake sample by 52–66% and 73–93%, respectively. DOWC addition significantly increased citric acid content in Tainan No. 11 japonica rice sake sample by 32–202%. Rice shochu analysis results revealed that DOWC addition significantly increased isoamyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate, and ethyl octanoate contents in shochu made from japonica rice and indica rice, respectively. The results indicate that rice variety directly affects the types of volatile compounds in rice shochu. Principal component analysis and sensory evaluation results revealed that DOWC addition affected the composition of volatile compounds in the two types of rice shochu and resulted in differences in flavor evaluation. DOWC addition affects yeast metabolites and directly changes the volatile compound composition and flavor of rice shochu.

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Extraordinarily polymorphic ribosomal DNA in wild and cultivated rice

Genome ◽

10.1139/g96-139 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 1109-1116 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

K. D. Liu ◽

Qifa Zhang ◽

G. P. Yang ◽

M. A. Saghai Maroof ◽

S. H. Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Ribosomal Dna ◽

Wild Rice ◽

Indica Rice ◽

Intergenic Spacer ◽

Oryza Rufipogon ◽

Japonica Rice ◽

Cultivated Rice ◽

Spacer Length ◽

Origin And Evolution

A collection of 481 rice accessions was surveyed for ribosomal DNA (rDNA) intergenic spacer length polymorphism to assess the extent of genetic diversity in Chinese and Asian rice germplasm. The materials included 83 accessions of common wild rice, Oryza rufipogon, 75 of which were from China; 348 entries of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa), representing almost all the rice growing areas in China; and 50 cultivars from South and East Asia. A total of 42 spacer length variants (SLVs) were detected. The size differences between adjacent SLVs in the series were very heterogeneous, ranging from ca. 21 to 311 bp. The 42 SLVs formed 80 different rDNA phenotypic combinations. Wild rice displayed a much greater number of rDNA SLVs than cultivated rice, while cultivated rice showed a larger number of rDNA phenotypes. Indica and japonica groups of O. sativa contained about equal numbers of SLVs, but the SLV distribution was significantly differentiated: indica rice was preferentially associated with longer SLVs and japonica rice with shorter ones. The results may have significant implications regarding the origin and evolution of cultivated rice, as well as the inheritance and molecular evolution of rDNA intergenic spacers in rice. Key words : rDNA, Oryza rufipogon, Oryza sativa, germplasm diversity, evolution.

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Isolation of stress-inducible promoter Oshox24 from rice

Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.15625/1811-4989/14/1/9296 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 87-95

Author(s):

Phạm Xuân Hội ◽

Trần Thị Thúy Nga ◽

Nguyễn Duy Phương

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Stress ◽

Indica Rice ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Inducible Promoter ◽

Japonica Rice ◽

Cis Acting ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Resistant Varieties ◽

Complete Set ◽

Inducible Genes

Plant improvement based on plant transformation technology has become a popular trend all over the world. The isolation and characterization of a complete set of genes/promoters associated with abiotic stress and the cross-talk among salinity, drought or temperature stresses are required for success in generating abiotic stress-resistant varieties. Recently, several studies on model plants demonstrated that the stress-responsive genes under the control of rice promoter Oshox24 were expressed specifically under stress conditions, while not affecting plant growth under normal conditions. In this study, we isolated DNA segments carrying the Oshox24 promoter from an Indica rice variety by PCR using specific primers. The Oshox24 promoter was cloned into the pGEM-T vector and fully sequenced. The nucleotide sequence of the isolated promoter Oshox24 was 1612 bp in size and had similarity of 90% in comparison to the Japonica rice promoter Oshox24 (published in GenBank as ID AP004868.3). Results of sequence analysis showed that the Indica Oshox24 promoter contains 15 stress-responsive cis-acting elements including 5 important groups ABRE, MYBRS/MYCRS, DRE, NACRS and ZFHDRS, and a TATA box located at position 1482 to 1488, suggesting that Oshox24 promoter plays an important role on regulation of abiotic stress inducible genes. The Oshox24 promoter was inserted into the expression vector pCAMBIA1300 for generating abiotic stress resistant plants in the future.

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Lack of starch synthase IIIa and high expression of granule-bound starch synthase I synergistically increase the apparent amylose content in rice endosperm

Plant Science ◽

10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.05.006 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 193-194 ◽

pp. 62-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Naoko Crofts ◽

Katsumi Abe ◽

Satomi Aihara ◽

Rumiko Itoh ◽

Yasunori Nakamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amylose Content ◽

Starch Synthase ◽

High Expression ◽

Rice Endosperm ◽

Apparent Amylose Content ◽

Granule Bound Starch Synthase

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Geographic pattern of variation among Asian native rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) based on fifteen isozyme loci

Genome ◽

10.1139/g88-126 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 782-792 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

J. C. Glaszmann

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Oryza Sativa ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Indian Subcontinent ◽

Indica Rice ◽

Japonica Rice ◽

Geographic Pattern ◽

Cultivated Rice ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Himalayan Foothills

The geographic pattern of isozyme variation among rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) in Asia is described based on an electrophoretic survey of 1688 accessions for 15 loci. The distribution patterns are strongly determined by the existence of several varietal groups that are characterized by contrasting multilocus types with dissimilar environmental and macrogeographic distributions. The two main groups correspond to the indica and japonica subspecies. Other types are frequently found in the Indian subcontinent, especially along the Himalayan foothills. These types are predominant in the Indus River basin. They are differentiated into four groups in the eastern part of the Himalayan foothills. There is variation within the groups. Non-random allele distributions are observed, such as regional clines and narrow localization of alleles. Diversity among indica rice is evenly distributed in whole tropical Asia. Variation among japonica rice shows the hilly part of continental Southeast Asia to be the region of highest genetic diversity and its probable area of origin. All this information provides a guide for further analysis aimed at elucidating the history of cultivated rice in Asia and, subsequently, in other continents.Key words: Asian rice, genetic diversity, isozymes, geographic distributions.

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