scholarly journals Mother Like Mothers and Work Like Fathers: U.S. Heterosexual College Students’ Assumptions About Who Should Meet Childcare and Housework Demands

Sex Roles ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie McConnon ◽  
Allegra J. Midgette ◽  
Clare Conry-Murray
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Primary Responsibility ◽  
Competing Demands ◽  
The Family ◽  
Level Of Agreement ◽  
Role Of Men

AbstractMany U.S. women report balancing competing demands for labor within the family and the workplace. Prior research has found that young adult heterosexual U.S. women are still anticipating doing the majority of their future family’s childcare and housework, though they hold more progressive gender role attitudes than in the past. The aim of the present study was to investigate the assumptions of 176 heterosexual college students in the U.S. (M age = 20.57, 88.64% European American, 51.70% ciswomen, 48.30% cismen) about how childcare and housework should be balanced in the context of work responsibilities. Participants were asked to rate their level of agreement with two items about working mothers and childcare and working fathers and household care, and provided open-ended responses to explain their justifications for their rating. Open-ended responses were thematically coded. Results revealed that most participants wanted mothers to have the choice to work but considered childcare a limiting problem that (primarily) mothers should solve. Similarly, participants believed that working full-time did not excuse a husband from helping with chores, however they did not express concerns with the term “helping” which implies that the husband would not hold any primary responsibility. Overall, the findings suggest the importance for educational and policymaking interventions and future research to highlight practices that support and encourage the role of men in addressing childcare and household needs.

Parenting, Religion, and Moral Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 178-196
Author(s):  
Sam A. Hardy ◽  
David C. Dollahite ◽  
Chayce R. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adolescent Religiosity ◽  
Faith Traditions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Religion

The purpose of this chapter is to review research on the role of religion in moral development within the family. We first present a model of the processes involved. Parent or family religiosity is the most distal predictor and affects moral development through its influence on parenting as well as child or adolescent religiosity. Additionally, parenting affects moral development directly, but also through its influence on child or adolescent religiosity. In other words, parent or family religiosity dynamically interconnects with parenting styles and practices, and with family relationships, and these in turn influence moral development directly as well as through child or adolescent religiosity. We also discuss how these processes might vary across faith traditions and cultures, and point to directions for future research.

Families and pain

2013 ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Birnie ◽  
Katelynn E. Boerner ◽  
Christine T. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pain Experiences

The family has long been acknowledged as an important social context where children learn about and receive support for their pain. When a child is in pain, it is the family who is responsible for the initial pain assessment and seeking appropriate evaluation and care. Families may inadvertently encourage the expression of pain and play a critical role in influencing their children’s ability to cope with pain, both positively and negatively. Having a child in pain can also pose significant personal, familial, and economic strains. Therefore, consideration of the family is absolutely critical in the understanding of factors involved in children’s acute and chronic pain experiences (McGrath, 2008). A concentration of research has continued since the last comprehensive review on the topic was published (Chambers, 2003). This chapter considers relevant theoretical models and summarizes current major research themes regarding the role of the family in both acute and chronic paediatric pain. Two illustrative case examples are provided and key areas for future research are identified.

The Formation of Postsecondary Expectations Among Parents of Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne V. Kirby ◽  
Nancy Bagatell ◽  
Grace T. Baranek
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Parent Expectations ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Family ◽  
Postsecondary Expectations

Research suggests higher parent expectations can predict more independent outcomes of youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet little is known about how parents’ expectations are formed. To gain an understanding of their formation, we conducted semi-structured interviews with seven parents of adolescents with ASD. Three main types of influences on parent expectations were identified: factors related to the youth, to the parent, and to social and societal forces external to the family. Although not directly probed, all of the participants also discussed their approaches to planning for the future, suggesting a connection with their expectations. These findings contribute to a growing body of literature on the role of parent expectations during the transition to adulthood. Future research and clinical practice implications include designing interventions aimed at expanding parent expectations in addition to approaches directly preparing youth with ASD for adulthood as a means to improve outcomes.

Full-Time Students With Part-Time Benefits: How Being Denied On-Campus Housing Affects College Students With Criminal Records

2020 ◽  
pp. 152102512096066
Author(s):  
Terrence S. McTier ◽  
Chelsea T. Smith ◽  
Gabrielle Smith ◽  
Ariel Hodges ◽  
Samba Bah
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
College Students ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Criminal Record ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Prospective Students ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Campus Housing ◽  
Part Time

There are major assumptions that housing opportunities in higher education are equally accessible and available to all students. However, these accessible housing opportunities are not available to current and prospective students who possess a criminal record. Many college students with criminal records are deemed ineligible for adequate housing opportunities even before their applications are submitted. This study uses a qualitative layered analysis approach to explore how denials from on-campus housing affect college students with criminal records. Using the perspectives of this marginalized and invisible student population, we draw the reader’s attention to how students with criminal records are affected as a result of being denied on-campus housing, and we provide tangible recommendations for future research, housing practices, and housing policies in higher education.

Key Considerations for Advancing Women in Coaching

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenessa Banwell ◽  
Gretchen Kerr ◽  
Ashley Stirling
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Mentoring Relationships ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Business Engineering ◽  
Female Coaches

Women remain underrepresented in the coaching domain across various levels of sport both in Canada and internationally. Despite the use of mentorship as a key strategy to support female coaches, little progress has been seen in achieving parity. At the same time, greater advances in gender equity have occurred in other non-sport sectors such as business, engineering, and medicine. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to learn from non-sport domains that have seen advances in gender equity to inform mentorship for women in coaching. A mixed-methods methodology was employed and consisted of distributing mentorship surveys to female coaches (n = 310) at various competitive levels, representing current (88%), former (12%), full-time (26%), part-time (74%), paid (54%), and unpaid (46%) coaching status. In addition, eight in-depth semi-structured interviews were also conducted with women in senior-level positions across various non-sport domains, including business (n = 1), media (n = 1), engineering (n = 2), higher education (n = 1), law (n = 1), and medicine (n = 2), regarding the role of mentorship in advancing women in their field. A descriptive and thematic analysis of the survey and interview data were conducted and findings are interpreted to suggest considerable variation in the characteristics of female coaches’ mentoring relationships, as well as the need to move beyond mentorship to sponsorship for advancing women in coaching. Recommendations for future research and advancing women in coaching are provided.

Direct and indirect effect of entrepreneurial orientation, family involvement and gender on family business performance

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erny Rachmawati ◽  
Suliyanto ◽  
Agus Suroso
Keyword(s):  
Family Involvement ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study aims to determine the direct effect of entrepreneurial orientation on family business performance. This study also discusses the role of family involvement as a mediating variable and the role of gender as a moderating variable in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and family business performance.Design/methodology/approachA total of 328 hotels in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, were selected as samples by the convenience sampling method. Primary data is collected through structured questionnaires that are delivered by themselves to key people in the hotel such as owners, directors and key staff (HRD, financial, relationship). Hypotheses are tested by structural equation modeling procedures using AMOS 22.0. Sobel test is used to determine the indirect effect of the mediation variable.FindingsThe results showed that entrepreneurial orientation had no significant effect on family business performance. Family involvement acts as a full mediation in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and family business performance. Gender acts as a moderating variable that can strengthen the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and family business performance. The results showed support for previous research.Research limitations/implicationsThe results of the study cannot conclude the national family business because it adopts convenience sampling and the sampling area is limited in Yogyakarta. Future research can use a larger sample. This study only researches hotels managed by family businesses, so it is not feasible to conclude for family businesses in general. Future research may choose to use several types of family businesses so that more varied results can be obtained. Future research could also compare hotels managed by family businesses with non-family businesses. The results also found that in addition to gender roles, respondent heterogeneity was an important component in the study of social identity. Therefore, research examining the influence of different cultures on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and family business performance should be an extraordinary topic for future study. Other results from this study also indicate that there is a role for religion in improving hotel performance. Future research is needed to further explore Islamic business modeling for family businesses.Practical implicationsThis finding has significant implications that can help family businesses in developing strategies that are suitable for business management. Entrepreneurial orientation occupies a strategic position in developing sustainable competitive advantage in the family business of the tourism sector especially the hotel business in Yogyakarta for the better. Besides, the results of the study also showed that entrepreneurial orientation had no significant effect on performance. This relationship becomes significant when combined with active family involvement. This finding also shows that entrepreneurial orientation has the potential to have a more beneficial effect because of the active involvement of the family in helping with business management, alleviating business-related problems, and having a significant influence when the family also acts as management.Social implicationsResearch findings indicate the role of gender in strengthening the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and family business performance. This provides a good position for women in the social environment to show achievement. To place women on the side of gender equality and justice in the family business in Indonesia. By opening wider access for Indonesian women in the realm of business management, expanding women's participation in a family business, increasing the role of control for women, and increasing women's knowledge and skills to increase the benefits in managing family businesses so that they have sustainable resilience in the face of global competition.Originality/valueThe results of this study provide a new model in providing an overview of the direct and indirect roles (mediating and moderating) in the assessment of family business performance. This study uses three variables which are important in performance appraisal, namely entrepreneurial orientation (independent variable), family involvement (mediating variable) and gender (moderating variable). Where research that combines these four variables, directly and indirectly, has never been done before.

scholarly journals Team Dynamics, Leadership, and Employee Proactivity of Vietnamese Firms

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Huynh ◽  
Minh Duong ◽  
Thuy Phan ◽  
Tu Do ◽  
Truc Do ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Proactive Behavior ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Taking Charge ◽  
Future Research Directions

Integrating the relational approach and social exchange theory, the authors conceptualize the quality of leader‒member and team member exchanges as mediators for understanding the role of transformational leadership in employee proactive behaviors (e.g., voice, taking charge, and innovative behaviors). The results based on data collected from 352 full-time employees working in pharmaceutical companies in Vietnam largely support the proposed theoretical framework and shed light on the mechanism through which leadership style influences employee proactivity in a manufacturing context. Using the results, the authors discuss research limitation and, managerial implications, and suggest future research directions for the relationship between leadership style and employee proactive behavior.

The Answer Is Yes

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Grubb ◽  
Pamela H. Scott ◽  
Donald W. Good
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Community College ◽  
Community College Students ◽  
Dual Enrollment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Student Aid ◽  
Fall Semester ◽  
Northeast Tennessee ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The study assesses the impact of dual enrollment participation on remediation and completion for traditional first time, full-time freshmen at a community college in Northeast Tennessee. Method: This study began with the full population of 1,232 students who enrolled between 2008 and 2012 at a community college in northeast Tennessee the fall semester after finishing high school. The population was required to have American College Testing (ACT) scores, completely fill out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), enroll full-time as a degree-seeking student, and complete the first fall semester. Propensity score matching was utilized to eliminate self-selection bias and enable parametric comparisons using optimal matching of dual enrollment participants and non-participants while controlling for a range of covariates. Results: The analyses showed that community college students who participated in dual enrollment were (a) 9% or nearly 3.4 times less likely to take remediation, (b) 26% or nearly 2.5 times more likely to graduate in 2 years, and (c) 28% or nearly 1.5 times more likely to graduate in 3 years. Contributions: This study contributes to the literature showing that dual enrollment reduces remediation rates and assists in timely completions for community college students. Policy recommendations are to increase equitable participation, normalize dual enrollment for students academically able to do college coursework, align state terminology with the nation, and improve data for future research.

Family communication and decision making at the end of life: A literature review

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara L. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Family Communication ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Care ◽  
The Family

AbstractObjective:Patients and families coping with a terminal illness are faced with a number of decisions over the course of their disease. The role that family communication plays in the process of decision making is an important one. The objectives for this review are to examine the current state of empirical literature on the relationship between family communication and decision making about end-of-life care, to identify gaps, and to discuss implications for policy, practice, and future research.Method:Articles were identified using systematic keyword searches within the following relevant databases: Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Plus, Communications and Mass Media Complete, ERIC, PsychINFO, MEDLINE, SocINDEX, and ProQuest.Results:The three bodies of relevant literature that emerged during this review include: (1) the importance of family communication at the end of life (EoL); (2) family decision making at the EoL; and (3) the interrelationship of communication (both within the family and with healthcare professionals) and decision making at the EoL. While the literature highlights the role of communication between medical professionals and the patient or family members, there is very little focus on the process of how family communication among the family members themselves contributes to decision making at the end of life.Significance of results:Barriers to end-of-life care are important considerations for helping patients to access timely and appropriate services. Understanding the pertinent role of family communication as it relates to the decision for EoL care is the first step in working to provide another avenue for overcoming these barriers.

Television's Role in Family Interaction

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRENE F. GOODMAN
Keyword(s):  
Family Systems ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Television Use ◽  
The Family ◽  
Shed Light

The purpose of this article is to argue that exploring the role of television in family life is not solely a matter of studying its effects on family members; it also involves looking at TV as a phenomenon that serves a whole range of social purposes the study of which can shed light on general family functioning. In this review, existing theoretical models and research are discussed in order to show why a new model—family systems—is being proposed. The application of the family systems model to the arena of television use in the family is one that has not been previously explored. Emphasis will be placed on two family systems principles that are important in the study of the family's use of and interaction around television. Current measurement techniques will be examined to illustrate that a new approach, reflecting interaction and process, is needed. Components of a family systems model—structure, development, and adaptation—are adapted in order to discuss TV's function in the family. Suggestions for future research and implications for therapy are offered.

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