scholarly journals Application of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-ran Liu ◽  
Lin Lu ◽  
Jia-yao Zhang ◽  
Tong-tong Huo ◽  
Song-xiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Application System ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Medical Environment ◽  
Technical Discipline ◽  
Medical Drug

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is a new technical discipline that uses computer technology to research and develop the theory, method, technique, and application system for the simulation, extension, and expansion of human intelligence. With the assistance of new AI technology, the traditional medical environment has changed a lot. For example, a patient’s diagnosis based on radiological, pathological, endoscopic, ultrasonographic, and biochemical examinations has been effectively promoted with a higher accuracy and a lower human workload. The medical treatments during the perioperative period, including the preoperative preparation, surgical period, and postoperative recovery period, have been significantly enhanced with better surgical effects. In addition, AI technology has also played a crucial role in medical drug production, medical management, and medical education, taking them into a new direction. The purpose of this review is to introduce the application of AI in medicine and to provide an outlook of future trends.

scholarly journals Clinical effect of application of nursing concept of rehabilitation surgery for improvement of quality of postoperative recovery in orthopedics

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Lv ◽  
Ning Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Joint Function ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Accelerated Rehabilitation

Abstract Objective To analyze the application of concept nursing of accelerated rehabilitation surgery in orthopedic postoperative recovery. Methods A total of 120 patients who received orthopedic surgery were divided into the control group undergoing routine orthopedic nursing and the observation group undergoing the concept of accelerated rehabilitation surgery nursing. Results Patients in the observation group had shorter in-bed activity time and out-of-bed activity time, average time of hospital stay, and lower total treatment costs. The incidence of incision infection, respiratory system infection, digestive tract infection, urinary tract infection, deep vein thrombosis, and other complications in the observation group was much lower. The recovery scores of joint function in the observation group at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the operation were all better, and the recovery rate of joint function within 1 year after the operation was higher. Conclusion Following the concept of accelerated rehabilitation surgery nursing during the perioperative period can improve the quality of postoperative orthopedic recovery.

Assessment of driving quality and its impact on changes in the technical condition of self-driving cars

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-26
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
Entire Life Cycle ◽  
Machine Maintenance ◽  
Current Task ◽  
Self Driving Cars

The article describes the current task of developing and improving existing technologies for machine maintenance throughout the entire life cycle. The use of modern achievements in the field of computer technology, digitization of information, as well as the development of artificial intelligence technologies, will allow you to get new scientific and engineering results aimed at managing the technical condition of machines in operation.

scholarly journals Exploring Hyperoxia Effects in Cancer—From Perioperative Clinical Data to Potential Molecular Mechanisms

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1213
Author(s):  
Anca Irina Ristescu ◽  
Crina Elena Tiron ◽  
Adrian Tiron ◽  
Ioana Grigoras
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Oncological Treatment

Increased inspiratory oxygen concentration is constantly used during the perioperative period of cancer patients to prevent the potential development of hypoxemia and to provide an adequate oxygen transport to the organs, tissues and cells. Although the primary tumours are surgically removed, the effects of perioperative hyperoxia exposure on distal micro-metastases and on circulating cancer cells can potentially play a role in cancer progression or recurrence. In clinical trials, hyperoxia seems to increase the rate of postoperative complications and, by delaying postoperative recovery, it can alter the return to intended oncological treatment. The effects of supplemental oxygen on the long-term mortality of surgical cancer patients offer, at this point, conflicting results. In experimental studies, hyperoxia effects on cancer biology were explored following multiple pathways. In cancer cell cultures and animal models, hyperoxia increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increases the oxidative stress. These can be followed by the induction of the expression of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and other molecules involved in angiogenesis and by the promotion of various degrees of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT).

scholarly journals KECERDASAN BUATAN MANUSIA (ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE); TEKNOLOGI IMPIAN MASA DEPAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-274
Author(s):  
Ririen Kusumawati
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Human Form ◽  
Natural Approach ◽  
Collaborative Art ◽  
Software And Hardware

The computer technology has incredibly increased. Computer software and hardware compete to meet the customer's needs. The research intends to spread the knowledge of information technology, specifically, on the artificial intelligence. The concept of artificial intelligence is adopting and imitating human form, character, and habit which to be implemented on the computer. Using natural approach, the research aims to investigate whether artificial intelligence (AI) will produce the duplication of God's creation. Another important reason of other reseaches on AI is to create a computer which is smart and able to understand human brain working system. Hence, AI has been designed into more practical with faster CPU, cheaper mass memory, and sophisticated software tool. The concept of integrating AI science or collaborative art among sub-fields of technology will stimulate and lead to further AI researches, and it will be an interesting topic for AI researchers for developing AI technology in the future.

scholarly journals Multimodal anesthesia and analgesia at the stages of the perioperative period in children with abdominal surgical pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Elmira A. Satvaldieva ◽  
Otabek Ya. Fayziev ◽  
Anvar S. Yusupov
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Surgical Pathology ◽  
Abdominal Organ ◽  
Epidural Blockade ◽  
Abdominal Operations

Aim of the study was assess both the effectiveness and safety of anesthetic management and optimizing postoperative anesthesia under conditions of multimodal anesthesia and analgesia during abdominal operations in children. Patients and methods. The authors examined 58 children aged 1 to 17 years with abdominal operations (malformations, diseases, and abdominal organ injuries). To ensure anesthetic protection, patients underwent combined general anesthesia with propofol and fentanil (induction) with inhalation of sevoflurane + propofol intra venous (maintenance) in combination with epidural blockade with bupivacaine. Results. According to surgical intervention, the arrangement of perioperative analgesic protection provided a favorable correction of the hemodynamic status of patients, a decrease in inhalation anesthetic, promoted a smooth course of the postoperative period, a long painless period, an excellent psychoemotional background, and rapid postoperative recovery.

An Augmented-Reality-Based Intelligent Mobile Application for Open Computer Education

2017 ◽  
pp. 154-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utku Köse
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Computer Education ◽  
Dynamic Learning ◽  
Common Environment ◽  
Application System ◽  
Course Materials

Objective of this chapter is to introduce an Augmented Reality based intelligent mobile application (M-Learning application) to support courses of Computer Education. In the study, it was aimed to provide an alternative way of improving M-Learning experiences by employing both Augmented Reality and Artificial Intelligence based approaches in a common environment. Briefly, the application is able to use an intelligent mechanism evaluating students' several dynamic learning parameters to match them with the most appropriate course materials provided over the system. So, each student can encounter with appropriate course materials matching with their states over the application system. The related course materials include both AR based ones and standard ones as uploaded by teachers. An evaluation based flow has been run in the study by using the developed application through courses of Computer Education and the obtained results have shown that the application is effective and successful enough at improving students' learning experiences and achieving a good Open Computer Education.

Cardiac Advanced Life Support–Surgical Guideline

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Postoperative Recovery

Cardiac arrest in the immediate postoperative recovery period in a patient who underwent cardiac surgery is typically related to reversible causes—tamponade, bleeding, ventricular arrhythmias, or heart blocks associated with conduction problems. When treated promptly, 17% to 79% of patients who experience cardiac arrest after cardiac surgery survive to discharge. The Cardiac Advanced Life Support–Surgical (CALS-S) guideline provides a standardized algorithm approach to resuscitation of patients who experience cardiac arrest after cardiac surgery. The purpose of this article is to discuss the CALS-S guideline and how to implement it.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CRIMES

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
V.A. Tyrranen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Security ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
Widespread Dissemination

The article is devoted to current threats to information security associated with the widespread dissemination of computer technology. The author considers one of the aspects of cybercrime, namely crime using artificial intelligence. The concept of artificial intelligence is analyzed, a definition is proposed that is sufficient for effective enforcement. The article discusses the problems of criminalizing such crimes, the difficulties of solving the issue of legal personality and delinquency of artificial intelligence are shown. The author gives various cases, explaining why difficulties arise in determining the person responsible for the crime, gives an objective assessment of the possibility of criminal prosecution of the creators of the software, in the work of which there were errors that caused harm to the rights protected by criminal law and legitimate interests.

scholarly journals Fast-Track Surgery Could Improve Postoperative Recovery in Patients with Laparoscopy D2 Gastrectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayan Wu ◽  
Hongcun Sha ◽  
Xiaoting Ren ◽  
Xiaoming Hong
Keyword(s):  
Fast Track ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Conventional Care ◽  
Fast Track Surgery ◽  
D2 Gastrectomy ◽  
Care Groups ◽  
Postoperative Stress

The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of fast track surgery (FTS) management in gastric cancer (GC) with laparoscopy D2 gastrectomy. FTS is the integration of different medical intervention activities during the perioperative period to accelerate the recovery of patients undergoing surgery. It has been used for colorectal cancer. The present study focuses on evaluating FTS in GC with laparoscopy D2 gastrectomy. Seventy-five patients diagnosed with GC between June 2014 and December 2016 were enrolled in this study and were divided into FTS and conventional care groups. All patients received elective standard D2 gastrectomy. The clinical parameters and serum indicators were compared. FTS was associated with shorter postoperative hospital stay (17.17 ± 9.27 versus 14.06 ± 5.05 days; P = 0.046), shorter time to bowel function return (4.56 ± 1.16 versus 3.12 ± 0.88 days; P < 0.01), less stress response on postoperative day 1 (108.13 ± 40.55 versus 79.01 ± 37.10; P < 0.01), and accelerated decrease in serum albumin (30.76 ± 4.10 versus 32.56 ± 3.20 g/L; P = 0.04) and lymphocyte count (0.78 ± 0.34 versus 0.78 ± 0.34 g/L; P = 0.016). The postoperative complications, including ileus, anastomotic leakage, and infection, were similar (all P > 0.05). FTS combined with laparoscopy D2 gastrectomy can promote faster postoperative recovery, improve early postoperative nutritional status, and more effectively reduce postoperative stress reaction and is safe and effective for GC patients.

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