Heterogeneity in cancer cells: variation in drug response in different primary and secondary colorectal cancer cell lines in vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Arul ◽  
April Camilla Roslani ◽  
Swee Hung Cheah
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

scholarly journals An Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis Repurposes an Antihelminthic Drug Niclosamide for Treating HMGA2-Overexpressing Human Colorectal Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leung ◽  
Chou ◽  
Huang ◽  
Yang
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Gene Signature ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

Aberrant overexpression of high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) is frequently found in cancers and HMGA2 has been considered an anticancer therapeutic target. In this study, a pan-cancer genomics survey based on Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data indicated that HMGA2 was mainly overexpressed in gastrointestinal cancers including colorectal cancer. Intriguingly, HMGA2 overexpression had no prognostic impacts on cancer patients’ overall and disease-free survivals. In addition, HMGA2-overexpressing colorectal cancer cell lines did not display higher susceptibility to a previously identified HMGA2 inhibitor (netroposin). By microarray profiling of HMGA2-driven gene signature and subsequent Connectivity Map (CMap) database mining, we identified that S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (S100A4) may be a druggable vulnerability for HMGA2-overexpressing colorectal cancer. A repurposing S100A4 inhibitor, niclosamide, was found to reverse the HMGA2-driven gene signature both in colorectal cancer cell lines and patients’ tissues. In vitro and in vivo experiments validated that HMGA2-overexpressing colorectal cancer cells were more sensitive to niclosamide. However, inhibition of S100A4 by siRNAs and other inhibitors was not sufficient to exert effects like niclosamide. Further RNA sequencing analysis identified that niclosamide inhibited more cell-cycle-related gene expression in HMGA2-overexpressing colorectal cancer cells, which may explain its selective anticancer effect. Together, our study repurposes an anthelminthic drug niclosamide for treating HMGA2-overexpression colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals HIPK3 Inhibition by Exosomal hsa-miR-101-3p Is Related to Metabolic Reprogramming in Colorectal Cancer

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihuiping Tao ◽  
Changliang Xu ◽  
Weixing Shen ◽  
Jiani Tan ◽  
Liu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell ◽  
Target Analysis ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

BackgroundExosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by most cells to deliver functional cargoes to recipient cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a significant part of exosomal contents. The ease of diffusion of exosomes renders them speedy and highly efficient vehicles to deliver functional molecules. Cancer cells secrete more exosomes than normal cells. Reports have showed that exosomal miRNAs of cancer cells facilitate cancer progression. Yet the complexity of cancer dictates that many more functional exosomal miRNAs remain to be discovered.MethodsIn this study, we analyzed miRNA expression profiles of tissue and plasma exosome samples collected from 10 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 10 healthy individuals. We focused on hsa-miR-101-3p (101-3p), a profoundly up-regulated miRNA enriched in plasma exosomes of patients bearing CRC. We performed target analysis of 101-3p and pursued functional studies of this microRNA in two colorectal cancer cell lines, namely HCT116 and SW480.ResultsOur results indicated that inhibiting 101-3p slowed cell growth and retarded cell migration in vivo in two colorectal cancer cell lines. Target analysis showed that Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase (HIPK3) is a target of miR-101-3p. HCT116 and SW480 cells stably overexpressing HIPK3 showed increased level of phosphorylated FADD, as well as retarded cell growth, migration, and increased sensitivity to 5-FU. In-depth analysis revealed increased mitochondrial membrane potential upon HIPK3 overexpression along with increased production of reactive oxygen species, number of mitochondria, and expression of respiratory complexes. Measurements of glycolytic parameters and enzymes revealed decreased level of glycolysis upon HIPK3 overexpression in these two cell lines. Xenograft model further confirmed a profoundly improved potency of the synergistic treatment combining both 5-FU and 101-3p inhibitor compared to 5-FU alone.ConclusionThis study unraveled an oncogenic nature of the exosomal 101-3p and suggested a relationship between the 101-3p-HIPK3 axis and metabolic homeostasis in colorectal cancer. Expression level of 101-3p is positively correlated with glycolytic capacity in CRC and therefore 101-3p itself is an oncomiR. Combining 101-3p inhibitor with chemotherapeutic agents is an effective strategy against CRC.

Morindone From Morinda Citrifolia as a Potential Antiproliferative Agent Against Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheok Wui Chee ◽  
Nor hisam Zamakshshari ◽  
Vannajan Lee ◽  
Iskandar Abdullah ◽  
Rozana Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

Abstract There is an increasing demand in developing new, effective, and affordable anti-cancer against colon and rectal. In this study, our aim is to identify the potential anthraquinone compounds from the root bark of Morinda citrifolia to be tested in vitro against colorectal cancer cell lines. Eight potential anthraquinone compounds were successfully isolated, purified and tested for both in-silico and in-vitro analyses. Based on the in-silico prediction, two anthraquinones, morindone and rubiadin, exhibit a comparable binding affinity towards multitargets of β-catenin, MDM2-p53 and KRAS. Subsequently, we constructed a 2D interaction analysis based on the above results and it suggests that the predicted anthraquinones from Morinda citrifolia offer an attractive starting point for potential antiproliferative agents against colorectal cancer. In vitro analyses further indicated that morindone and damnacanthal have significant cytotoxicity effect and selectivity activity against colorectal cancer cell lines.

scholarly journals RAS specific protease induces irreversible growth arrest via p27 in several KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cell lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb K. Stubbs ◽  
Marco Biancucci ◽  
Vania Vidimar ◽  
Karla J. F. Satchell
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

AbstractRas-specific proteases to degrade RAS within cancer cells are under active development as an innovative strategy to treat tumorigenesis. The naturally occurring biological toxin effector called RAS/RAP1-specific endopeptidase (RRSP) is known to cleave all RAS within a cell, including HRAS, KRAS, NRAS and mutant KRAS G13D. Yet, our understanding of the mechanisms by which RRSP drives growth inhibition are unknown. Here, we demonstrate, using isogenic mouse fibroblasts expressing a single isoform of RAS or mutant KRAS, that RRSP equally inactivates all isoforms of RAS as well as the major oncogenic KRAS mutants. To investigate how RAS processing might lead to varying outcomes in cell fate within cancer cells, we tested RRSP against four colorectal cancer cell lines with a range of cell fates. While cell lines highly susceptible to RRSP (HCT116 and SW1463) undergo apoptosis, RRSP treatment of GP5d and SW620 cells induces G1 cell cycle arrest. In some cell lines, growth effects were dictated by rescued expression of the tumor suppressor protein p27 (Kip1). The ability of RRSP to irreversibly inhibit cancer cell growth highlights the antitumor potential of RRSP, and further warrants investigation as a potential anti-tumor therapeutic.

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