A nanosystem of copper(II)-disulfiram for cancer treatment with high efficacy and few side effects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Zhao ◽  
Xiaoxia Wang ◽  
Mingxia Jiang ◽  
Xinghan Wu ◽  
Mogen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
High Efficacy

Small Molecular Gemcitabine Prodrugs for Cancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (33) ◽  
pp. 5562-5582 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Miao ◽  
Xuehong Chen ◽  
Yepeng Luan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Drug Stability ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Deoxycytidine Kinase ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Pyrimidine Nucleoside ◽  
Design And Synthesis

Gemcitabine as a pyrimidine nucleoside analog anticancer drug has high efficacy for a broad spectrum of solid tumors. Gemcitabine is activated within tumor cells by sequential phosphorylation carried out by deoxycytidine kinase to mono-, di-, and triphosphate nucleotides with the last one as the active form. But the instability, drug resistance and toxicity severely limited its utilization in clinics. In the field of medicinal chemistry, prodrugs have proven to be a very effective means for elevating drug stability and decrease undesirable side effects including the nucleoside anticancer drug such as gemcitabine. Many works have been accomplished in design and synthesis of gemcitabine prodrugs, majority of which were summarized in this review.

Perspectives on the Therapeutic Benefits of Arginine Supplementation in Cancer Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 913-920
Author(s):  
Fabiani L. R. Beal ◽  
Pedro R. Beal ◽  
Juliana R. Beal ◽  
Natan Carvalho-Neves ◽  
Octávio L. Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Endothelial Permeability ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Cell Growth And Differentiation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Arginine Supplementation

Background: Arginine is considered a semi-essential amino acid in healthy adults and the elderly. This amino acid seems to improve the immune system, stimulate cell growth and differentiation, and increase endothelial permeability, among other effects. For those reasons, it has been theorized that arginine supplementation may be used as an adjuvant to conventional cancer therapy treatments. Objective: This review aims to evaluate the existing knowledge of the scientific community on arginine supplementation in order to improve the efficacy of current cancer treatment. Results: Despite the continued efforts of science to improve treatment strategies, cancer remains one of the greatest causes of death on the planet in adults and elderly people. Chemo and radiotherapy are still the most effective treatments but at the cost of significant side effects. Conclusion: Thus, new therapeutic perspectives have been studied in recent years, to be used in addition to traditional treatments or not, seeking to treat or even cure the various types of cancer with fewer side effects.

Preliminary Pre-Clinical studies on the side effects of breast cancer treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
Camila Salata ◽  
Carlos E. deAlmeida ◽  
Samara C. Ferreira-Machado ◽  
Regina C. Barroso ◽  
Liebert P Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Breast Cancer Treatment

scholarly journals Zinc as a complementary treatment for cancer patients: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hoppe ◽  
S. Kutschan ◽  
J. Dörfler ◽  
J. Büntzel ◽  
J. Büntzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Quality Reporting ◽  
Evidenced Based

AbstractZinc is a trace element that plays an important role in the immune system and cell growth. The role of zinc in cancer treatment has been discussed for some time, however without reaching an evidenced-based consensus. Therefore, we aim to critically examine and review existing evidence on the role of zinc during cancer treatment. In January 2019, a systematic search was conducted searching five electronic databases (Embase, Cochrane, PsychINFO, CINAHL and PubMed) to find studies concerning the use, effectiveness and potential harm of zinc therapy on cancer patients. Out of initial 5244 search results, 19 publications concerning 23 studies with 1230 patients were included in this systematic review. The patients treated with zinc were mainly diagnosed with head and neck cancer and underwent chemo-, radio- or concurrent radio-chemotherapy. Interventions included the intake of different amounts of zinc supplements and oral zinc rinses. Outcomes (primary endpoints) investigated were mucositis, xerostomia, dysgeusia, pain, weight, dermatitis and oral intake of nutrients. Secondary endpoints were survival data, quality of life assessments and aspects of fatigue, immune responses and toxicities of zinc. The studies were of moderate quality reporting heterogeneous results. Studies have shown a positive impact on the mucositis after radiotherapy. No protection was seen against mucositis after chemotherapy. There was a trend to reduced loss of taste, less dry mouth and oral pain after zinc substitution. No impact was seen on weight, QoL measurements, fatigue, and survival. The risk of side effects from zinc appears to be relatively small. Zinc could be useful in the prevention of oral toxicities during irradiation. It does not help in chemotherapy-induced side effects.

CARBON NANOHORN AS NANOCONTAINER FOR CISPLATIN: INSIGHTS ON THE INTERACTION WITH PLASMA MEMBRANES OF NORMAL AND BREAST CANCER CELLS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Ribeiro Almeida ◽  
Helio F. Dos Santos ◽  
Priscila V. S. Z. Capriles
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Breast Cancer Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Alternatives

Cisplatin (cddp)-based chemotherapy is one of the most effective therapeutic alternatives for breast cancer treatment, the most common form of cancer, despite the severe side effects related to the high...

LASER 532-NM ND:YAG PICOSECOND IN TREATMENT OF SOLAR LENTIGO AND EPHELIDES

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Ha Bui Manh ◽  
Thanh Le Thai Van
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Patient Evaluation ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Mild Pain ◽  
Solar Lentigo ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
532 Nm

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy, side effects of laser 532-nm Nd:YAG picosecond in treating solar lentigo and ephelides at HCMC hospital of dermato-venereology. Objectives and Method: Prospective - descriptive study. There were 43 patients dealing with solar lentigo and ephelides treated with laser 532-nm Nd:YAG picosecond. Each patient went through 3 treatments with one month interval, three months follow up for delayed side effects and recurrent. Evaluating the treatment by MI, VLCS, self-patient evaluation with 5 grades scale. Evaluating side effects of the treatment by 5 grade Wong-Baker scale. Collected data were analysed with SPSS.20.0. Results: Based on MI at the end of the study, the effectiveness of the treatment gained 81.4% good, 16.3% average and 2.3% bad. Self-patient evaluation revealed 76.7% good, 20.9% average and 2.3% bad. VLCS of post-treatment reduced 7.44 ± 2.14 unit compares with of pre-treatment. Recently after treatment, 100% patients had erythema and mild pain in 5 grade Wong-Baker scale, 20.9% had mild edema, 2.3% had post imflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Two ephelides cases recurred 3 months after treatment (4.6%). Conclusions: Laser 523-nm Nd:YAG picosecond has high efficacy and less side effects in treating solar lentigo and ephelides. Key words: solar lentigo, ephelides, laser 532-nm Nd:YAG picosecond

Phototherapy and multimodal imaging of cancers based on perfluorocarbon nanomaterials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoguo Han ◽  
xianshuang tu ◽  
Lina Qiao ◽  
Yige Sun ◽  
Zibo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Multimodal Imaging

Phototherapy, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) possesses unique characteristics of non-invasiveness and minimal side effects in cancer treatment, compared with conventional therapies. However, the ubiquitous tumor...

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF EFFICACY OF SUBLINGUAL MISOPROSTOL IN TERMINATION OF EARLY PREGNANCY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arti Kumari ◽  
Usha Kumari ◽  
Anupama Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Missed Abortion ◽  
Pregnancy Failure ◽  
Products Of Conception ◽  
Early Pregnancy Failure ◽  
Sublingual Misoprostol

Introduction: Nearly 20% of all confirmed pregnancies end in spontaneous abortion. Misoprostol’s use in early pregnancy failure is varied and dose and route are not well established. AIM: To study the efficacy of sublingual misoprostol in causing expulsion of products of conception in early pregnancy failure. Methods: Women with an ultrasound diagnosis of early pregnancy failure, less than 12 weeks gestation were included in the study. Tablet Misoprostol 600 mcg was given six hourly sublingually for 3 doses. All observations were noted and analyzed. Results: Mean gestational age was 7.946+1.2 weeks. Mean induction abortion interval was 18.241+1.2 hours. Women with gestational age six to eight weeks had least mean induction-abortion interval time of 17.38+2.86. Mean dose required was 1560mcg. Efficacy of protocol was 92.85% in achieving complete abortion. Conclusion: The regime had 92.85% efficacy, acceptability (90%) and few side effects. Thus by using a lower dose and appropriate interval between two doses (six hours), the side effects were lessened with high efficacy. Keywords: Efficacy, Missed Abortion, Misoprostol.

scholarly journals The next generation of RNA vaccines: self-amplifying RNA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Blakney
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Vaccine Platform ◽  
The Future ◽  
High Doses ◽  
The Stability

The global COVID-19 pandemic has brought tremendous momentum to the field of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines. The advantages of this vaccine platform, such as rapid development and high efficacy, resulted in mRNA vaccines being the first approved vaccines against COVID-19. Looking forward to the development of future vaccines, how can we make RNA vaccines even better? While improvements in the stability of the formulation and cost of the vaccine are inevitable, one of the main challenges is lowering the dose of RNA in order to avoid side effects associated with high doses of RNA. One way to do this is by using self-amplifying RNA (saRNA), a type of mRNA that encodes a replicase that copies the original strand of RNA once it’s in the cell. Here, we discuss the origins of saRNA, how it works in comparison to mRNA, current challenges in the field and the future of saRNA vaccines.

scholarly journals When Eating Becomes Torturous: Understanding Nutrition-Related Cancer Treatment Side Effects among Individuals with Cancer and Their Caregivers

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Brandy-Joe Milliron ◽  
Lora Packel ◽  
Dan Dychtwald ◽  
Cynthia Klobodu ◽  
Laura Pontiggia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Treatment Side Effects ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Living With Cancer ◽  
Depth Interviews

Individuals living with cancer often experience multiple nutrition-related side effects from cancer treatment, including changes in taste and smell, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and pain during eating. These side effects can profoundly impact nutritional status and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to explore experiences with nutrition-related cancer treatment side effects among cancer patients and their family caregivers, the way they manage such side effects, and the resulting changes in food preferences and behaviors. Structured surveys and in-depth interviews were conducted. Interviews focused on the presence and management of treatment side effects, how those changes influenced food preferences, and the extent to which they interfered with quality of life. Most patients (72%) reported treatment side effects; 61% reported that these side effects impacted their eating and drinking. Common side effects included fatigue (58%), dry mouth (30%), nausea (24%), constipation (20%) and diarrhea (20%). Six overarching qualitative themes were identified: Spiral of side effects; Pain of eating; Burden of eating; Loss of taste/change in taste; Symptom management; and Solutions. The authors conclude with implications for food and nutrition practice—moving beyond traditional recommendations of what to eat or avoid—to consider the overall patient and caregiver experience.

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