Effect of moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) on myocardial remodeling and function in exercise-induced fatigue rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-257
Author(s):  
Zhi-fang Zhang ◽  
Yu-lei Liang ◽  
Tian-yuan Lü ◽  
Zheng-xian Shen ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Remodeling ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Network analysis of the left anterior descending coronary arteries in swim-trained rats by an in situ video microscopic technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Török ◽  
Petra Merkely ◽  
Anna Monori-Kiss ◽  
Eszter Mária Horváth ◽  
Réka Eszter Sziva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Resistance Artery ◽  
Frequency Spectra ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
Network Properties ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Function

Abstract Background We aimed to identify sex differences in the network properties and to recognize the geometric alteration effects of long-term swim training in a rat model of exercise-induced left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. Methods Thirty-eight Wistar rats were divided into four groups: male sedentary, female sedentary, male exercised and female exercised. After training sessions, LV morphology and function were checked by echocardiography. The geometry of the left coronary artery system was analysed on pressure-perfused, microsurgically prepared resistance artery networks using in situ video microscopy. All segments over > 80 μm in diameter were studied using divided 50-μm-long cylindrical ring units of the networks. Oxidative-nitrative (O-N) stress markers, adenosine A2A and estrogen receptor (ER) were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Results The LV mass index, ejection fraction and fractional shortening significantly increased in exercised animals. We found substantial sex differences in the coronary network in the control groups and in the swim-trained animals. Ring frequency spectra were significantly different between male and female animals in both the sedentary and trained groups. The thickness of the wall was higher in males as a result of training. There were elevations in the populations of 200- and 400-μm vessel units in males; the thinner ones developed farther and the thicker ones closer to the orifice. In females, a new population of 200- to 250-μm vessels appeared unusually close to the orifice. Conclusions Physical activity and LV hypertrophy were accompanied by a remodelling of coronary resistance artery network geometry that was different in both sexes.

Effects Of Exercise-induced Hypohydration On Brain Structure And Function, A MRI Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5S) ◽  
pp. 824 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. r. Tan ◽  
Ivan C. C. Low ◽  
Mary C. Stephenson ◽  
T. Kok ◽  
Heinrich W. Nolte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Structure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
And Function

Left Ventricular Structure and Function in Exercise-Induced Eccentric Hypertrophy

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Luigi Cassisa ◽  
Gianni DiGirolamo ◽  
Stefano Masia ◽  
Marco Foddanu ◽  
Lorenzo Ibba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Left Ventricular Structure ◽  
Ventricular Structure ◽  
Eccentric Hypertrophy ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Function

Exercise-induced alterations in natural killer cell number and function

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niall M. Moyna ◽  
Gwendolyn R. Acker ◽  
Kelly M. Weber ◽  
Jonathan R. Fulton ◽  
Robert J. Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Killer Cell ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Killer Cell ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Natural Killer Cell Number ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Effects of Exercise-Induced ROS on the Pathophysiological Functions of Skeletal Muscle

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Fan Wang ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yiping Liu ◽  
Zhenghong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Redox System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Adaptation ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Function ◽  
Stress Fatigue

Oxidative stress is the imbalance of the redox system in the body, which produces excessive reactive oxygen species, leads to multiple cellular damages, and closely relates to some pathological conditions, such as insulin resistance and inflammation. Meanwhile, exercise as an external stimulus of oxidative stress causes the changes of pathophysiological functions in the tissues and organs, including skeletal muscle. Exercise-induced oxidative stress is considered to have different effects on the structure and function of skeletal muscle. Long-term regular or moderate exercise-induced oxidative stress is closely related to the formation of muscle adaptation, while excessive free radicals produced by strenuous or acute exercise can cause muscle oxidative stress fatigue and damage, which impacts exercise capacity and damages the body’s health. The present review systematically summarizes the relationship between exercise-induced oxidative stress and the adaptions, damage, and fatigue in skeletal muscle, in order to clarify the effects of exercise-induced oxidative stress on the pathophysiological functions of skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Differing mechanisms of atrial fibrillation in athletes and non-athletes: alterations in atrial structure and function

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1374-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth J Trivedi ◽  
Guido Claessen ◽  
Luke Stefani ◽  
M Darragh Flannery ◽  
Paula Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Lv Volume ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Atrial Strain ◽  
And Function ◽  
Minimum Volumes

Abstract Aims Atrial fibrillation (AF) is more common in athletes and may be associated with adverse left atrial (LA) remodelling. We compared LA structure and function in athletes and non-athletes with and without AF. Methods and results Individuals (144) were recruited from four groups (each n = 36): (i) endurance athletes with paroxysmal AF, (ii) endurance athletes without AF, (iii) non-athletes with paroxysmal AF, and (iv) non-athletic healthy controls. Detailed echocardiograms were performed. Athletes had 35% larger LA volumes and 51% larger left ventricular (LV) volumes vs. non-athletes. Non-athletes with AF had increased LA size compared with controls. LA/LV volume ratios were similar in both athlete groups and non-athlete controls, but LA volumes were differentially increased in non-athletes with AF. Diastolic function was impaired in non-athletes with AF vs. non-athletes without, while athletes with and without AF had normal diastolic function. Compared with non-AF athletes, athletes with AF had increased LA minimum volumes (22.6 ± 5.6 vs. 19.2 ± 6.7 mL/m2, P = 0.033), with reduced LA emptying fraction (0.49 ± 0.06 vs. 0.55 ± 0.12, P = 0.02), and LA expansion index (1.0 ± 0.3 vs. 1.2 ± 0.5, P = 0.03). LA reservoir and contractile strain were decreased in athletes and similar to non-athletes with AF. Conclusion Functional associations differed between athletes and non-athletes with AF, suggesting different pathophysiological mechanisms. Diastolic dysfunction and reduced strain defined non-athletes with AF. Athletes had low atrial strain and those with AF had enlarged LA volumes and reduced atrial emptying, but preserved LV diastolic parameters. Thus, AF in athletes may be triggered by an atrial myopathy from exercise-induced haemodynamic stretch consequent to increased cardiac output.

Exercise in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Restrict or Rethink??

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adaya Weissler Snir ◽  
Kim A. Connelly ◽  
Jack M. Goodman ◽  
David Dorian ◽  
Paul Dorian
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exercise Restriction

The detailed physiological consequences of aerobic training, in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are not well understood. In athletes and non-athletes with HCM, there are two hypothetical concerns with respect to exercise: exercise-related worsening of the phenotype (e.g. promoting hypertrophy, fibrosis), and/or triggering of arrhythmia. The former concern is unproven and animal studies suggest an opposite effect, where exercise has been shown to be protective. The main reason for exercise restriction in HCM is fear of exercise-induced arrhythmia. Whilst the safety of sports in HCM has been reviewed, even more recent data suggest a substantially lower risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD) in HCM than previously thought, and there is an ongoing debate about restrictions of exercise imposed on individuals with HCM. This review outlines the pathophysiology of HCM, the impact of acute and chronic exercise (and variations of exercise intensity, modality, and athletic phenotype) in HCM including changes in autonomic function, blood pressure, cardiac dimensions and function, and cardiac output, and the underlying mechanisms that may trigger exercise-induced lethal arrhythmias. It provides a critical evaluation of the evidence regarding risk of SCD in athletes and the potential benefits of targeted exercise prescription in adults with HCM. Finally, it provides considerations for personalized recommendations for sports participation based on the available data.

Application of Synthetic Substitute Materials on Reconstruction of Anterior Cruciate Ligament of Knee Joint in Exercise-Induced Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 977 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Xiao Liang Miao ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Hong Mei Zhuang ◽  
Zhi Qiang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Joint Injury ◽  
Tissue Allograft ◽  
Knee Joint Injury ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Function

Exercise training or competition in anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint injury, autologous tissue, allograft materials, artificial materials and tissue engineering ACL repair and reconstruction is often used. These materials can repair and reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament, the choice of materials involves many factors such as stability of complications after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and postoperative. Because of the complexity of anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint structure and function, finally to many factors combined with the site of injury, injury severity and the patient's own state cross ligament repair and reconstruction of knee joint replacement materials.

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