Aggression in Borderline Personality Disorder: Evidence for Increased Risk and Clinical Predictors

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Allen ◽  
Paul S. Links
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Increased Risk

Suicidal and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Borderline Personality Disorder

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret S. Andover ◽  
Heather T. Schatten ◽  
Blair W. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempted ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are at an elevated risk for engaging in self-injurious behaviors, including suicide, attempted suicide, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of research on self-injurious behaviors among individuals with BPD. Definitions and prevalence rates are provided for NSSI, suicide, and attempted suicide. Clinical correlates of and risk factors for the behaviors, as well as associations between specific BPD criteria and self-injurious behaviors, are discussed, and a brief overview of treatments focused on reducing self-injurious behaviors among BPD patients is provided. By understanding risk factors for attempted suicide and NSSI in BPD, we can better identify patients who are at increased risk and focus treatment efforts on addressing modifiable risk factors.

scholarly journals Recent developments in psychosocial interventions for borderline personality disorder

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Christina M Temes ◽  
Mary C Zanarini
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Increased Risk

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious psychiatric disorder that affects multiple symptomatic domains and is associated with an increased risk of suicidality. Several empirically supported treatments for BPD have been developed in recent years for adults with BPD. More recent work has focused on tailoring or applying (or both) these existing treatments to specific patient populations, including patients with certain types of comorbidity (for example, BPD and post-traumatic stress disorder or antisocial personality disorder) and younger patients. Other work has involved developing treatments and models of treatment delivery that address concerns related to access of care. Relatedly, new adjunctive and technology-assisted interventions have been developed, adding to the growing repertoire of treatment options for these patients. Advances in the last several years address specific treatment needs and offer cost-efficient options for this diverse patient population.

scholarly journals Etiological features of borderline personality related characteristics in a birth cohort of 12-year-old children

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Belsky ◽  
Avshalom Caspi ◽  
Louise Arseneault ◽  
Wiebke Bleidorn ◽  
Peter Fonagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Environmental Mediation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Family ◽  
Poor Cognitive Function ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stress Models

AbstractIt has been reported that borderline personality related characteristics can be observed in children, and that these characteristics are associated with increased risk for the development of borderline personality disorder. It is not clear whether borderline personality related characteristics in children share etiological features with adult borderline personality disorder. We investigated the etiology of borderline personality related characteristics in a longitudinal cohort study of 1,116 pairs of same-sex twins followed from birth through age 12 years. Borderline personality related characteristics measured at age 12 years were highly heritable, were more common in children who had exhibited poor cognitive function, impulsivity, and more behavioral and emotional problems at age 5 years, and co-occurred with symptoms of conduct disorder, depression, anxiety, and psychosis. Exposure to harsh treatment in the family environment through age 10 years predicted borderline personality related characteristics at age 12 years. This association showed evidence of environmental mediation and was stronger among children with a family history of psychiatric illness, consistent with diathesis–stress models of borderline etiology. Results indicate that borderline personality related characteristics in children share etiological features with borderline personality disorder in adults and suggest that inherited and environmental risk factors make independent and interactive contributions to borderline etiology.

10-Year Outcome of Suicidal Behavior in Borderline Personality Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Soloff ◽  
Laurel Chiappetta
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Core Symptoms ◽  
Predominately Female

Prospective predictors of suicide attempts were assessed in 118 subjects with borderline personality disorder (BPD) after 10 or more years of follow-up. Mean (SD) time to follow-up was 14.4 (4.7) years. Subjects were predominately female (78.8%), Caucasian (81.4%), and of lower socioeconomic status. Initial recruitment was evenly balanced between inpatient, outpatient, and non-patient (community) sources. In the 10-year interval, 55 subjects (46.6%) attempted suicide. Compared to baseline, suicidal ideation, number of attempts, and non-suicidal self-injury diminished markedly. Core symptoms of BPD, substance abuse, and alcohol use disorders decreased significantly; however, major depressive disorder (MDD) remained constant at 50%. Forty-four percent of subjects had poor psychosocial, vocational, and economic outcomes. Psychosocial outcome was independent of suicide history and any treatment. Increased risk was associated with interval hospitalization prior to any attempt (illness severity), as well as poor social, vocational, and psychosocial functioning at baseline.

scholarly journals Assessing Suicidal Youth with Antisocial, Borderline, or Narcissistic Personality Disorder

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 301-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S Links ◽  
Brent Gould ◽  
Ruwan Ratnayake
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Narcissistic Personality Disorder ◽  
Narcissistic Personality ◽  
Key Words Suicide ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Objective: This paper has 3 objectives. First, we review the epidemiologic evidence for the association between suicidal behaviour and suicide in individuals diagnosed with antisocial, borderline, or narcissistic personality disorder. Second, we examine whether any potentially modifiable risk factors are associated with these diagnoses, based on existing empirical evidence. Last, we discuss clinical approaches to assessing youth with antisocial, borderline, or narcissistic personality disorder presenting at risk for suicide. Method: We reviewed the English-language literature for the last 12 years (from January 1, 1991, to December 31, 2002), using as search terms the names of the 3 disorders, as well as the key words suicide, suicidal behaviour, youth, and adolescents. Results: Patients with antisocial or borderline personality disorder are likely to be at increased risk for suicidal behaviour when they demonstrate such comorbid disorders as major depressive episodes or substance abuse disorders, when they experience recent negative life events, or when they have a history of childhood sexual abuse. Conclusions: For patients with antisocial personality disorder, the risk of violence has to be judged in addition to the risk of suicide or self-harm. For patients with borderline personality disorder, interventions are determined by differentiating acute-on-chronic from chronic risk of suicidal behaviour. Finally, patients with narcissistic personality disorder can be at high risk for suicide during periods when they are not suffering from clinical depression. These episodes can seem to be unpredictable.

Young People With Borderline Personality Disorder Have an Increased Lifetime Risk of Being the Victim of Interpersonal Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052098627
Author(s):  
Marialuisa Cavelti ◽  
Katherine Thompson ◽  
Jennifer Betts ◽  
Claire Fowler ◽  
Stefan Luebbers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Young People ◽  
Family Violence ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Lifetime Risk ◽  
Violence Intervention ◽  
Violent Offense ◽  
Increased Risk

This study aimed to examine the lifetime risk of being the victim of criminal or violent offenses among young people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) features (1-9 DSM-IV criteria). Demographic and diagnostic data from 492 outpatients who attended a specialist public mental health service for 15- to 25-year-olds between January 1998 and March 2008 were linked with offending data from a state-wide police database, collected between March 1993 and June 2017, in order to establish victimization history. This included information on criminal offenses perpetrated against these young people and intervention orders implemented to protect them from being victimized by another person’s violent behavior. Logistic regression analyses, adjusted for sex and co-occurring mental state disorders, were conducted on n = 378 who had complete data (76.5% females). As hypothesized, BPD diagnosis and number of BPD criteria were both significantly associated with an increased risk of being the victim of a violent offense and the complainant of a family violence intervention order. Anger and impulsivity independently predicted a higher risk of being the victim of a violent offense, while unstable relationships, impulsivity, and affective instability independently predicted a higher risk of being the complainant of a family violence intervention order. No significant association was found between BPD and the risk of being the victim of a nonviolent offense. These findings indicate that young people with any BPD features (even below the DSM diagnostic threshold) are at increased risk for victimization by interpersonal violence. Moreover, this risk increases according to the number of BPD criteria. This issue needs to be addressed by prevention and early intervention programs (e.g., by working on self-assertion and interpersonal skills, taking into account the possible influence of previous traumatizing relationship experiences).

scholarly journals Stimulating research on childhood adversities, borderline personality disorder, and complex post-traumatic stress disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annegret Krause-Utz
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Complex Trauma ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Childhood Adversities ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractTraumatic events of a long-lasting invasive, primarily interpersonal nature (e.g., childhood abuse, intimate partner violence) can have wide-ranging consequences across various life domains. This involves an increased risk of developing mental disorders, such as (complex) post-traumatic stress (PTSD, CPTSD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Both within and outside of these diagnostic boundaries, complex trauma has been associated with emotional dysregulation, dissociation, distrust, interpersonal problems, and maladaptive coping behaviours, such as self-harm and suicidal behaviour. Knowledge on the devastating consequences of complex trauma has steadily increased. One of the remaining research questions is why some people develop certain psychopathological symptoms or disorders after complex trauma while others do not. Moreover, more research is needed to better understand how disorders such as BPD and CPTSD can be differentiated, both descriptively and empirically. This special issue brings together a collection of review articles and original research articles on this topic to stimulate further research in the field. Findings enhance the understanding of long-term consequences of childhood adversities and highlight important psychopathological mechanisms that may underlie an increased risk to develop certain mental disorders.

Suboptimal Decision Making in Borderline Personality Disorder: Effect of Potential Losses

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan P. Sánchez-Navarro ◽  
Joshua A. Weller ◽  
Jose M. López-Navarro ◽  
Jose M. Martínez-Selva ◽  
Antoine Bechara
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Disorder Effect ◽  
Matched Comparison ◽  
Underlying Processes

AbstractThis research explored the underlying processes mediating risky decisions for individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). We tested whether BPD patients were more apt to take risks compared to a matched comparison group. We used two controlled tasks designed to assess risky decision-making, both to achieve gains and to avoid losses. Overall, BPD patients showed increased risk-taking compared to the comparison group (p = .011, η2 = .224), and were especially likely to be risk-seeking when the decision was framed as a potential loss (p < .0001, d = 1.77). When the outcome involved pure losses, BPD patients were insensitive to the relative expected value between choice options resulting in suboptimal decision making (p = .004, d = 1.24), but did not differ from the comparison group when taking risks to achieve gains (p = .603, d = 0.21). We discuss these results in the context of behavioral and neuropsychiatric research suggesting abnormalities BPD patients’ ability to effectively regulate affect.

Real Life Consequences of Stigmatization, Misdiagnosis, Misunderstanding, and Mistreatment of Borderline Personality Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S259-S260 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Porr
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Clinical Education ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Increased Risk

Undiagnosed and untreated people with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) create a public health drain on mental health treatment. BPD underlies major public health problems including high incidence of substance abuse, alcoholism, domestic violence, impulse control disorders, incarceration, high utilization of emergency rooms and inpatient hospitalizations. Although BPD has a prevalence rate between 2–5.9%, it generally goes misdiagnosed, undiagnosed, stigmatized and mistreated. Amongst American veterans who are suicide attempters and completers, a recent study found 94% meet criteria for BPD. There is rampant professional stigma exists against BPD patients, seen as patients to be “avoided”, “treatment refractory,” “untreatable” and a “liability” due to increased risk of self-injurious and suicidal behavior. This is a contributing factor to misdiagnosis that is the usual experience for BPD patients, resulting in wasted years, hopelessness, chaos, family crises, and severe personal and economic consequences for patients and families. The need for assessing with validated diagnostic instruments to rule out or diagnose BPD, Bipolar Disorder, ADHD, substance abuse and other co-morbid diagnoses as well as the need to diagnosis children and adolescents at the time symptoms first appear will be discussed. Presentation of the shockingly few studies on BPD versus Bipolar will be presented and the consequences of failing to diagnose will be highlighted. Findings from an on-line survey from TARA4BPD, an American education and advocacy organization, will demonstrate the need for clinical education in evidence based BPD treatments, training, and supervision as well as patient and family psycho-education so as to improve outcome will be presented.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document