scholarly journals Review on the petroleum market in China: history, challenges and prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1779-1794
Author(s):  
Si-Yuan Chen ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Benjamin Mclellan ◽  
Tian-Tian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Market Reform ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Refining Capacity ◽  
International Trading ◽  
Price Risks

AbstractThe petroleum industry plays an essential role in driving China’s economic development. In the past few decades, several reforms in the petroleum industry have been implemented; however, there are still some issues that have not been resolved. Moreover, with the new-normal economy, the transition to green energy and international trade disputes, the petroleum market is also facing emerging challenges. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to review the historical development of China’s petroleum market, identify the current challenges and propose corresponding countermeasures for future prospects. As a conclusion, five main challenges are highlighted totally, namely lack of marketization, excess oil refining capacity, high external dependency, environment pollution and unstable international trading relationship. To address these challenges, it is encouraged to deepen petroleum market reform, accelerate the elimination of inefficient refining capacity, diversify oil supply sources, as well as improve domestic petroleum enterprises’ ability to resist price risks.

An Overview of Osmotic Power: A Viable Power Generation Technology for Present and Future

2013 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 680-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shahinur Islam ◽  
Tausif Ali ◽  
Ahsan Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Syed Ashraful Karim ◽  
Hossain Mursalin
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Load Power ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Power Generation Technology ◽  
Power Generation System ◽  
Base Load ◽  
Generation Technology

World climate change challenges and the world’s consistent growing demand for energy during the past decade have brought the need to explore for more renewable energy resources. The continuation of exploring green energy sources results Osmotic Power- a new emission-free source of sustainable energy that can be used to generate electricity. Osmotic power plant is only feasible in places where rivers flow out to the ocean. The leading virtue of osmotic power is that it would be capable to produce a steady and reliable supply of renewable base load power as an alternative of other variable sources like solar or wind. There are some hurdles to generate osmotic power. Developing suitable membrane and initial construction cost are top on of them. Though Osmotic power is years from commercial feasibility but researchers think that it could provide thousands of terawatts of base load power per year around the globe. This paper presents an overview of osmotic power generation system with the analysis of potential benefits and limitations of it.

Developments in Enhanced Heat Transfer Technology From a Petroleum Industry Perspective in 2012

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Rudy ◽  
Thomas M. Rudy ◽  
Himanshu M. Joshi ◽  
Amar S. Wanni
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Enhanced Heat Transfer ◽  
The Past

Within the past 30 years, many Enhanced Heat Transfer (EHT) technologies have become available in a number of forms for application in heat exchangers. These technologies are used in various industries to widely different extents. In 1999, H. Joshi, T. Rudy, and A. Wanni, former Ph.D. students of Dr. Ralph L. Webb and specialists in the application of EHTs in the Petroleum Industry prepared a paper for the Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer that reviewed the extent of use of EHT Technologies in the Petroleum Industry [1]. The current paper reviews how the application of EHT in the Petroleum Industry has changed in the last 14 years.

scholarly journals Reservoir characterization and by-passed pay analysis of philus field in Niger delta, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunmonu Ayobami ◽  
Adabanija Adedapo ◽  
Adagunodo Aanuoluwa ◽  
Adeniji Ayokunnu
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Reservoir Characterization ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Oil And Gas Exploration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Stock Tank ◽  
Original Oil In Place

Hydrocarbon resources have become the most essential commodity contributing to any nation’s growth and development in the recent years. For the past decades now, the quest for hydrocarbon resources has been increasing in an arithmetic rate that its supply can no longer meets the demand for its consumption today. In petroleum industry, seismic and well log analyses play a vital role in oil and gas exploration and formation evaluation. This study is aimed to effectively characterize the reservoirs and analyze the by-passed pay in Philus Field, Niger-Delta, Nigeria in order to look into the economic viability and profitability of the volume of oil in the identified reservoir(s). The faults in the study area trend in NW-SE direction and dip towards the south. Seven reservoirs were mapped on Philus field. A discovery trap and a by-passed (new prospect) trap were mapped out on the field. The petrophysical analysis showed that porosity of Philus field was 0.24. The volumetric analysis showed that the Stock Tank Original Oil in Place of discovery trap (Philus field) ranged from 1.6 to 43.1 Mbbl while that of new prospect trap ranged from 18.1 to 211.3 Mbbl. It is recommended that the oil reserve of Philus field needs to be recalculated.

scholarly journals RECENT ADVANCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION OF OIL POLLUTED SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER IN THE NIGERIAN CONTEXT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 0416-0420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Ighalo ◽  
Adewale George Adeniyi ◽  
Kevin Shegun Otoikhian
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Policy Enforcement ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Proper Perspective ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

Over the years, Nigerian researchers in environmental engineering and chemistry have been evaluating a variety of technologies for the remediation of petroleum industry polluted surface and groundwater. In this mini-review, the recent advances in this regard over the past two years were evaluated. This was done as an appraisal of research efforts to understand the current research trend and gain a proper perspective of the required/needed future approach in the research area. It was observed that most studies are still focusing on evaluating the problems instead of finding actual solutions. Development of workable and novel solutions are urgently needed. It can be in the form of better remediation techniques or via the development of alternative technologies for utilizing the waste/pollutant materials. The paper has given a clear opinion on the progress of environmental protection and sustainability in the Nigerian context. The environmental regulations scenario in the country is marred by malpractices and corruption more stringent policy enforcement will help in the achievement of environmental protection.

scholarly journals An Empirical Test Of Politically-Motivated Income Smoothing In The Oil Refining Industry

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Fern ◽  
Betty C. Brown ◽  
Steven W. Dickey
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Test ◽  
Income Smoothing ◽  
Refining Industry ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
The Past ◽  
Accounting Choices ◽  
Political Motivation ◽  
Reported Earnings

<span>This paper reports the results of a study of income smoothing in the oil refining industry for years 1971 through 1989. Evidence of a political motivation to practice such smoothing behavior is also reported. The methodology follows closely that of Ronen and Sadan (1981) which found strong smoothing behavior for oil firms in the 1953 to 1972 period. Two types of smoothing behavior were examined classificatory and intertemporal. Based on the analysis, oil firms were found to have a strong political motivation to manage reported earnings. There was no evidence of significant classificatory smoothing behavior by the 26 firms in the study. However, there was significant intertemporal smoothing behavior suggested, although to a less degree than that suggested by Ronen and Sadan. This reduction in smoothing behavior seems to indicate that over the past 20 years standard setters have been somewhat successful in reducing purely arbitrary accounting choices.</span>

Remarks by Robert H. Frick

1973 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 230-234
Author(s):  
Robert H. Frick
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
The Past

It is impossible in a reasonable space of time to cover the changes that have occurred in relationships between host countries and oil companies since the first concession agreements in the early 1900’s. It is difficult to cover even the developments of the past three years. Oil producing countries have, of course, always wanted a greater share of the profits from producing operations within their borders and to exercise a greater control over such operations. With the use of hindsight it is possible to say that the degree to which these twin goals have been achieved over the past few years is not remarkable. I believe it is true, however, that five or even three years ago very few, if any, in the petroleum industry would have forecast the success which the producing countries have achieved.

AUSTRALIAN GTL CLEAN DIESEL: A STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITY FOR AUSTRALIA’S STRANDED GAS RESERVES

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
W.G. Higgs ◽  
P.E. Prass
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Clean Diesel ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Gas Markets ◽  
Gas To Liquids ◽  
Gas Supply ◽  
Stranded Gas

Australia’s lack of gas supply infrastructure and market opportunities means that in the northwest of our nation more than 100 trillion cubic feet of gas remains uncommitted to customer contracts.Because of Western Australia’s relatively small domestic gas markets and the long transport distances to larger markets, the belief has been that only the LNG industry has the scale to monetise the large volumes of gas required to underpin greenfield developments and expansion of gas supply infrastructure.Changing fuel specifications around the world, combined with the limited opportunities for new LNG contracts, has renewed interest in gas-to-liquids (GTL) technology as an alternative to crude oil refining for a source of clean and efficient transport fuels. GTL is an exciting new market opportunity for Australian gas.Exploration interest in Australia appears to be waning. Declining opportunities for oil discoveries and the lack of markets for natural gas make investments in Australia’s upstream sector unattractive compared to other locations around the world.In addition, Australia has dwindling crude oil supplies and faces the prospect of increasing reliance on imported crude oil and refined products. An Australian GTL Clean Diesel industry can help overcome these hurdles by creating a designer blendstock and a valuable new GTL Clean Diesel export industry.A GTL Clean Diesel industry would not only help resolve many of Australia’s current upstream and downstream problems in the petroleum industry, but would also provide massive economic benefits to Australia.This paper will look not only at the making but also the marketing of this fuel of the future.

scholarly journals Interaction between hydraulic fractures and natural fractures: current status and prospective directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1613-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladoyin Kolawole ◽  
Ion Ispas
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Hydraulic Fractures ◽  
Natural Fractures ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
Unconventional Oil And Gas

Abstract Hydraulic fracturing treatment is one of the most efficient conventional matrix stimulation techniques currently utilized in the petroleum industry. However, due to the spatiotemporal complex nature of fracture propagation in a naturally- and often times systematically fractured media, the influence of natural fractures (NF) and in situ stresses on hydraulic fracture (HF) initiation and propagation within a reservoir during the hydrofracturing process remains an important issue. Over the past 50 years of advances in the understanding of HF–NF interactions, no comprehensive revision of the state of the knowledge exists. Here, we reviewed over 140 scientific articles on investigations of HF–NF interactions, published over the past 50 years. We highlight the most commonly observed HF–NF interactions and their implications for unconventional oil and gas production. Using observational and quantitative analyses, we find that numerical modeling and simulation is the most prominent method of approach, whereas there are less publications on the experimental approach, and analytical method is the least utilized approach. Further, we suggest how HF–NF interactions can be monitored in real time on the field during a pre-frac test. Lastly, based on the results of our literature review, we recommend promising areas of investigation that may provide more profound insights into HF–NF interactions in such a way that can be directly applied to the optimization of fracture-stimulation field operations.

Effect of Cu Addition onto CaO/Al2O3 Catalyst for Naphthenic Acid Removal from Crude Oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 1107 ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Norshahidatul Akmar Mohd Shohaimi ◽  
Jafariah Jaafar ◽  
Wan Azelee Wan Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Naphthenic Acid ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Ammonia Solution ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Total Acid

Oil is one of the most important energy sources for the world and will likely remain so for many decades, even in the most optimistic projection about the growth of alternative energy sources. Petroleum industry nowadays faced a problem when the naphthenic acid (NA) compound naturally present in the acidic crude oil tends to induce corrosion in oil refining process. Total Acid Number (TAN) represent the amount of naphthenic acid in the oil with the permissible limit of TAN in crude oil is less than 1. Various methods had been used to remove NA in crude oil such as dilution and caustic washing. But all methods have their own weakness. Hence, in order to overcome the acidic crude oil problem, a new catalytic deacidification technique will be introduced in this study. Three types of crude: Petronas Penapisan Melaka Heavy Crude (Crude A) and Light Crude (Crude B) and Korean Crude (Crude C) were studied. Parameters studied were dosing amount of basic chemical used, catalyst calcination temperature, and percentage of the basic chemical in the co-solvent. The basic chemical used in this study was ammonia solution in ethylene glycol (NH3-EG). By using Ca/Al2O3 catalyst with calcination temperature of 10000C, the results showed 66.7% (1000 mg/L of NH3-EG) reduction in TAN for crude A, 53.9% reduction for crude B while for crude C the percentage of TAN reduction was 41% only. Addition of Cu as a dopant in this study had increased the TAN reduction for all three types of crude oil. TAN in crude A (80% of TAN reduction) and crude B (77% of TAN reduction) were successfully reduced to less than 1 with only using 1000 mg/L of NH3-EG with the aids of Cu/Ca (10:90)/Al2O3 catalyst at calcination temperature of 10000C while for crude C the TAN was still higher than 1 but the percentage of TAN reduction increased to 46%.

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