scholarly journals Effects of HCl Hydrolyzed Cellulose Nanocrystals From Waste Papers on the Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose/Cationic Starch Biofilms

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khashayar Vaezi ◽  
Ghasem Asadpour
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Cationic Starch

scholarly journals Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Cationic Guar Gum, Cellulose Nanocrystals and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose based Multilayered Composite Films

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Saini ◽  
Deepak Sharma ◽  
Yuanyuan Xia ◽  
Aman Saini ◽  
Xiangyu You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Multilayer Composite ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource ◽  
Multilayered Composite

Abstract Eco-friendly sustainable materials provide an appealing template to replace contemporary synthetic-nonrenewable resource-based materials while maintaining the acceptable material properties to meet the performance requirements. Here, a layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly technique was used for fabricating multilayer composite films using all bio-based polymers/polysaccharides, i.e. cationic guar gum (CGg), carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (cCNCs) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). A five layered composite film was fabricated by depositing polymeric layers as follows: CGg→cCNCs→HPMC→cCNCs→CGg. The structural analysis of CGg/cCNCs/HPMC multilayered composite films indicated the existence of electrostatic interaction as well as H-bonding between polymeric layers that resulted in homogenous, dense and compact film surface with improved smoothness and strength properties. As compared to pure CGg film, the CGg/cCNCs/HPMC multilayered composite films showed improved tensile strength (84.8% increment) and modulus (29.19% improvement). Importantly, the deposition of HPMC layer contributed in achieving multilayer composite films with more flexible behavior (46.55% improvement in elongation at break). Furthermore, owing to the high transparency (89.5% transmittance), appreciable gas and oil barrier performance and resistance to various solvents (e.g. acetone, THF and DMAc), these multilayer films are promising candidates for various applications including renewable/sustainable packaging materials.

scholarly journals STRENGTH IMPROVEMENT OF HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE/ STARCH FILMS USING CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS

CERNE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ney Robson Taironi do Prado ◽  
Joabel Raabe ◽  
Seyedmohammad Mirmehdi ◽  
Lisiane Nunes Hugen ◽  
Lidiane Costa Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Homogeneous Surface ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Tensile Performance ◽  
Starch Blends

ABSTRACT Interest in cellulose nanocrystals obtained from natural resources has grown mainly because of features that such materials provide when inserted into polymeric matrices. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of cellulose nanocrystals addition on mechanical properties of biofilms made from hypromellose (or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose - HPMC) and cassava starch blends (CS). The cellulose nanocrystals were produced by acid hydrolysis and characterized by optical microscopy (OM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetry (TG). Films were made with pure CS, pure hypromellose and also with blends of CS and hypromellose by casting. Then cellulose nanocrystals were added to the blends in the concentrations of 1, 3 and 10% (m/m). Evaluations of the films included tensile performance and fracture surface by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that the reinforcement with nanocrystals improved the mechanical properties of the films, and their fracture surface showed that cellulose nanocrystals promoted an improvement in the cohesion of the hypromellose and starch molecules in the blend, and created a more homogeneous surface.

scholarly journals Effects of HCl hydrolyzed cellulose nanocrystals from waste papers on the Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/Cationic Starch biofilms

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
khashayar vaezi ◽  
Ghasem Asadpour
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Source Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cationic Starch ◽  
Optimum Amount ◽  
X Ray

Abstract ABSTRACT The study reports on the preparation of nanocrystalline cellulose from waste papers (WPNCC), as an environmental friendly approach of source material and investigation of their effects on the morphological, mechanical and barrier properties of the Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/Cationic starch (HPMC/CS) nanocomposites. HCl hydrolysis followed by alkali treatment and deinking of the fibers resulted in the production of WPNCC. The TEM results confirmed the rod like shape of WPNCC; the average diameter was 22± 7 nanometers and the length was 125± 25 nanometers. The hydrolysis yield was 65% with high crystallinity index of 79.6%. The results of X-ray diffraction confirmed the successfully production of WPNCC and their effective presence in the HPMC/CS matrix. The homogeneity of WPNCC dispersion in the polymer matrix was approved by FESEM analysis. The WPNCC also did not affect the nanocomposites optical clarity. The optimum amount of 9 wt% WPNCC, showed the highest barrier, mechanical and biodegradablility properties.

scholarly journals CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERISTICS AND EFFECT ON HYDROXYPROPYL METHYLCELLULOSE-BASED COMPOSITE FILMS AND COATINGS

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4A) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Minh Nguyet
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Nano Emulsion

This study aimed to synthesize, determine characteristics of cellulose nanocrystals such as morphology, size particle, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The study also evaluated effect of concentration of added cellulose nanocrystals to hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-base films and coatings containing carnauba Nano emulsion and chitosan nanoparticles. Results showed the shape and size of the nanoparticle generally depend on hydrolysis condition of microcrystalline cellulose. Cellulose nanocrystals obtained from processing hydrolyzed microcrystalline cellulose in range from 47 wt. % to 55 wt. % had length range of from 160 to 196 nm and diameter from 9 to 11 nm. Cellulose nanocrystals were added into nanocomposite HPMC that incorporated with both of carnauba Nano emulsion and chitosan nanoparticles with concentration of cellulose nanocrystals at levels: 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.1 %. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that nanocomposite films become more compact and dense due to the cellulose nanocrystals occupy empty spaces of porous of matrix nanocomposite HPMC increasing the collapse of the pores in the films. The concentration of cellulose nanocrystals at 0.5 % was added to Nanocomposite HPMC including both of carnauba nano emulsion and chitosan nanoparticles improved the physical strength of film with the best quality compared with other films as: film solubility was raised up 16.65 %, film drying time is faster than others (51.33 minutes). Assessement of the effect of cellulose nanocrystals added into the nanocomposite films coated on fruit bananas showed that respiration of bananas were reduced from 57.08 ml CO2/kg.h to 30.17 ml CO2/kg.h;  weight loss was declined from 4.0 % to 1.82 % thanks to the limitation of the films gas and moisture permeability.

Use of thermomechanical pulp fibers from waste woods for making eco-friendly cushioning material

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
JI-YOUNG LEE ◽  
CHUL-HWAN KIM ◽  
JEONG-MIN SEO ◽  
HO-KYUNG CHUNG ◽  
KYUNG-KIL BACK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Test ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Thermomechanical Pulp ◽  
Fiber Structure ◽  
Pulp Fibers ◽  
Cationic Starch ◽  
Thermal Insulating ◽  
Surface Sizing ◽  
The Impact

Eco-friendly cushioning materials were made with thermomechanical pulps (TMPs) from waste woods collected from local mountains in Korea, using a suction-forming method without physical pressing. The TMP cushions had superior shock-absorbing performance, with lower elastic moduli than expanded polystyrene (EPS) or molded pulp. Even though the TMP cushions made using various suction times had many voids in their inner fiber structure, their apparent densities were a little higher than that of EPS and much lower than that of molded pulp. The addition of cationic starch contributed to an increase in the elastic modulus of the TMP cushions without increasing the apparent density, an effect which was different from that of surface sizing with starch. In the impact test, the TMP cushions showed a more ductile pattern than the brittle EPS. The porosity of the TMP cushion was a little less than that of EPS and much greater than that of molded pulp. The porous structure of the TMP cushions contributed to their excellent thermal insulating capacity, which was equivalent to that of EPS. In summary, the TMP packing cushions showed great potential for surviving external impacts during product distribution.

A novel predictive method for filler coflocculation with cellulose microfibrils

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 653-664
Author(s):  
IGNACIO DE SAN PIO ◽  
KLAS G. JOHANSSON ◽  
PAUL KROCHAK
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Cellulose Microfibrils ◽  
Paper Strength ◽  
Flow Loop ◽  
Cationic Starch ◽  
Reflectance Measurement ◽  
Drainage Rate ◽  
Complete Study

Different strategies aimed at reducing the negative impact of fillers on paper strength have been the objective of many studies during the past few decades. Some new strategies have even been patented or commercialized, yet a complete study on the behavior of the filler flocs and their effect on retention, drainage, and formation has not been found in literature. This type of research on fillers is often limited by difficulties in simulating high levels of shear at laboratory scale similar to those at mill scale. To address this challenge, a combination of techniques was used to compare preflocculation (i.e., filler is flocculated before addition to the pulp) with coflocculation strategies (i.e., filler is mixed with a binder and flocculated before addition to the pulp). The effect on filler and fiber flocs size was studied in a pilot flow loop using focal beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) and image analysis. Flocs obtained with cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) and bentonite were shown to have similar shear resistance with both strategies, whereas cationic starch (CS) was clearly more advantageous when coflocculation strategy was used. The effect of flocculation strategy on drainage rate, STFI formation, ash retention, and standard strength properties was measured. Coflocculation of filler with CPAM plus bentonite or CS showed promising results and produced sheets with high strength but had a negative impact on wire dewatering, opening a door for further optimization.

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