Hydrogen Anti-flaking Heat Treatment in VAR89S Rail Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 2729-2737 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ravichandar ◽  
T. Balusamy ◽  
G. Balachandran
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Rail Steel

Heat treatment of rail steel using induction heating

1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 589-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Nesterov ◽  
V. E. Sapozhkov ◽  
N. F. Levchenko ◽  
V. A. Dubrov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Induction Heating ◽  
Rail Steel

Weldability of austempered rail steel using the flash-butt process

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 662-667
Author(s):  
Uğur Arabaci ◽  
Şafhak Turan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
Rail Steel ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Bainitic Steel ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Bainitic Microstructure ◽  
Bainite Structure ◽  
Treatment Changes

Abstract In this study, bainitic microstructure was formed via heat treatmenton R260 rail steel, which is generally used in railways. Bainitic steel, which is considered more advantageous than current rail steel, waswelded by flash butt welding, which is often used for joining rails andthe mechanical and microstructure of the samples were thenexamined and compared. Bainitic structural steel obtained by austempering heattreatment with normal rail steel was welded by flash butt welding. Flash-butt welding parameters were kept constant during the experiment. The welding capabilities of the joints were compared and the results wereevaluated. It was determined that the bainite structure obtained as a result of austempering heat treatment changes the microstructuralproperties of the samples and affects the mechanical values ​of the joints.

Tribological Properties of Rail Steel in Straight Moderately Loaded Sections of Railway Tracks

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 813-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bąkowski ◽  
A. Posmyk ◽  
J. Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Rail Steel ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Bainitic Steel ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Railway Tracks ◽  
Fine Pearlite

Tribological Properties of Rail Steel in Straight Moderately Loaded Sections of Railway Tracks The paper describes the examination results of tribological properties of three types of steels used and suggested for rails manufacturing. The tests concentrated on loads, sliding and rolling speeds similar to those occurring in real conditions i.e. rolling track operation. Average loaded conditions were assumed and applied at straight railway track sections. Slight track declivity and high/low speeds of locomotive were considered. "Amsler" stand was used for laboratory tests. Three types of steels i.e. two pearlitic steels: WHT - without heat treatment, HT - with heat treatment (with the microstructure of fine pearlite) as well as one bainitic steel suggested for rail production have been tested. The measurements of wear, hardness, friction coefficient as well as structural changes at surface layers of the tested rollers have been performed during the test.

scholarly journals The formation оf the bainite structure during heat treatment of the rail steel (analogue J13052)

2016 ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Chertovskih Evgenii ◽  
◽  
Gabets Aleksandr ◽  
Gabets Denis ◽  
Markov Andrei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Rail Steel ◽  
Bainite Structure

scholarly journals Elaboration of a technology of long rail lashes production without induction heat treatment application

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-497
Author(s):  
N. A. Kozyrev ◽  
R. A. Shevchenko ◽  
S. N. Krat’ko ◽  
R. E. Kryukov ◽  
A. R. Mikhno
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Rail Steel ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Metal Structure ◽  
Butt Welding ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Current Pulses

Welding butts of rail lashes after resistance butt-welding are subjected to heat treatment to eliminate heat-affected zones. At present facilities of induction heating are used in Russia for the heat treatment and compressed air as a quenching media. However, this method of quenching has significant drawbacks, including appearance of new heat-affected zones at the local heating of the welded butts, deterioration of the welded butts’ straightness after cooling. Shlatter Company proposed a solution of this problem by application of the process of resistance butt-welding by rails fusion. Theoretical calculations and laboratory studies of the thermal cycle of rail steel samples welding were made in the Siberian State Industrial University, which showed a principal possibility of this method application under industrial conditions. The method assumes after the welded butt settling and cooling to keep the preset temperature from the moment of its reaching by passing alternative electric current pulses through the welded butt. The temperature of exposure is selected based on obtaining necessary fine grain seam metal structure. The duration of exposure is determined by latency period of the structure formation and is controlled by the number of current pulses. The carried out industrial experiments at the МСР-6301 resistance butt welding machine resulted in determining parameters of cooling time after settling, heating and cooling after the heating, as well as the number of heating pulses. A method of resistance butt welding was tested, enabling to obtain the welded joint of details of the P65 ДТ350 category rail steel. The welded joint had mechanical properties exceeding technical requirements of СТО РЖД 1.08.002–2009 specifications.

The Precipitation of Si in AlCuSi Thin Films

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 34-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Copper Film ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silicon Thin Films ◽  
Before And After

Aluminum-copper-silicon thin films have been considered as an interconnection metallurgy for integrated circuit applications. Various schemes have been proposed to incorporate small percent-ages of silicon into films that typically contain two to five percent copper. We undertook a study of the total effect of silicon on the aluminum copper film as revealed by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and ion microprobe techniques as a function of the various deposition methods.X-ray investigations noted a change in solid solution concentration as a function of Si content before and after heat-treatment. The amount of solid solution in the Al increased with heat-treatment for films with ≥2% silicon and decreased for films <2% silicon.

The influence of heat treatment on the fiber/matrix interface in a SiC-reinforced glassceramic

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 742-743
Author(s):  
E. Bischoff ◽  
O. Sbaizero
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Lithium Aluminum ◽  
Interfacial Region ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Crack Wake ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Annealed Material ◽  
Ultrasonic Drilling ◽  
Fiber Matrix Interface

Fiber or whisker reinforced ceramics show improved toughness and strength. Bridging by intact fibers in the crack wake and fiber pull-out after failure contribute to the additional toughness. These processes are strongly influenced by the sliding and debonding resistance of the interfacial region. The present study examines the interface in a laminated 0/90 composite consisting of SiC (Nicalon) fibers in a lithium-aluminum-silicate (LAS) glass-ceramic matrix. The material shows systematic changes in sliding resistance upon heat treatment.As-processed samples were annealed in air at 800 °C for 2, 4, 8, 16 and 100 h, and for comparison, in helium at 800 °C for 4 h. TEM specimen preparation of as processed and annealed material was performed with special care by cutting along directions having the fibers normal and parallel to the section plane, ultrasonic drilling, dimpling to 100 pm and final ionthinning. The specimen were lightly coated with Carbon and examined in an analytical TEM operated at 200 kV.

Strain-induced martensite effects on transgranular carbide precipitation in type 304 stainless steels

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 604-605
Author(s):  
A.H. Advani ◽  
L.E. Murr ◽  
D. Matlock
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Deformation Twin ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Carbide Precipitation ◽  
Strain Induced Martensite ◽  
Type 304

Thermomechanically induced strain is a key variable producing accelerated carbide precipitation, sensitization and stress corrosion cracking in austenitic stainless steels (SS). Recent work has indicated that higher levels of strain (above 20%) also produce transgranular (TG) carbide precipitation and corrosion simultaneous with the grain boundary phenomenon in 316 SS. Transgranular precipitates were noted to form primarily on deformation twin-fault planes and their intersections in 316 SS.Briant has indicated that TG precipitation in 316 SS is significantly different from 304 SS due to the formation of strain-induced martensite on 304 SS, though an understanding of the role of martensite on the process has not been developed. This study is concerned with evaluating the effects of strain and strain-induced martensite on TG carbide precipitation in 304 SS. The study was performed on samples of a 0.051%C-304 SS deformed to 33% followed by heat treatment at 670°C for 1 h.

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