Plasma levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-18 after an acute physical exercise: relation with post-exercise energy intake in twins

ABSTRACT As the population ages, health conditions, including hypertension (HT), which is one of the most prevalent diseases in the elderly population, increase. Regular physical exercise has been recommended for hypertensive individuals; however, due to the variety of factors involved in exercise, different acute responses can be achieved. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of the acute effect of physical exercise on blood pressure (BP) in elderly hypertensive patients and of its applicability to the treatment of HT. The search was performed in electronic databases available at Pubmed/Medline, Scopus and Bireme from 2008 to 2018, using the terms “acute physical exercise and hypertension and elderly”. A total of 592 articles were found, and after applying the inclusion criteria, 9 articles were selected to form the analysis. All studies evaluated the acute effect of the exercise session and the acute effect of the session after a training period in male and female hypertensive individuals aged 60 years or over. The results indicate that in spite of the heterogeneity of training methods, all intervention protocols used in these studies were effective in promoting BP reduction post exercise when compared to the control group. However, there is still a gap in the reviewed literature regarding the maintenance time of post exercise hypotension (PEH) in the elderly. This information could suggest how long individuals undergoing physical exercise would be “protected” from high blood pressure values and their health risks, and help plan physical exercise sessions at the precise time the hypotensive effect ceases to be present. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies-Investigation of treatment results.

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An NMR-Based Approach to Identify Urinary Metabolites Associated with Acute Physical Exercise and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Healthy Humans—Results of the KarMeN Study

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo10050212 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 212 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sina Kistner ◽

Manuela J. Rist ◽

Maik Döring ◽

Claudia Dörr ◽

Rainer Neumann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Menopausal Status ◽

Urinary Metabolites ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Metabolic Pattern ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Bivariate Correlation ◽

Acute Physical Exercise

Knowledge on metabolites distinguishing the metabolic response to acute physical exercise between fit and less fit individuals could clarify mechanisms and metabolic pathways contributing to the beneficial adaptations to exercise. By analyzing data from the cross-sectional KarMeN (Karlsruhe Metabolomics and Nutrition) study, we characterized the acute effects of a standardized exercise tolerance test on urinary metabolites of 255 healthy women and men. In a second step, we aimed to detect a urinary metabolite pattern associated with the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), which was determined by measuring the peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) during incremental exercise. Spot urine samples were collected pre- and post-exercise and 47 urinary metabolites were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. While the univariate analysis of pre-to-post-exercise differences revealed significant alterations in 37 urinary metabolites, principal component analysis (PCA) did not show a clear separation of the pre- and post-exercise urine samples. Moreover, both bivariate correlation and multiple linear regression analyses revealed only weak relationships between the VO2peak and single urinary metabolites or urinary metabolic pattern, when adjusting for covariates like age, sex, menopausal status, and lean body mass (LBM). Taken as a whole, our results show that several urinary metabolites (e.g., lactate, pyruvate, alanine, and acetate) reflect acute exercise-induced alterations in the human metabolism. However, as neither pre- and post-exercise levels nor the fold changes of urinary metabolites substantially accounted for the variation of the covariate-adjusted VO2peak, our results furthermore indicate that the urinary metabolites identified in this study do not allow to draw conclusions on the individual’s physical fitness status. Studies investigating the relationship between the human metabolome and functional variables like the CRF should adjust for confounders like age, sex, menopausal status, and LBM.

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Salivary and plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and myeloperoxidase at rest and after acute physical exercise in patients with coronary artery disease

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0207166 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. e0207166

Author(s):

Zeid Mahmood ◽

Helena Enocsson ◽

Maria Bäck ◽

Rosanna W. S. Chung ◽

Anna K. Lundberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Acute Physical Exercise ◽

Metalloproteinase 9

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2417Elevated interleukin-6 and interleukin-18 concentrations predict residual inflammatory risk both before and after interleukin-1beta inhibition with canakinumab

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0165 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P M Ridker ◽

J MacFadyen ◽

T Thuren ◽

P Libby

Keyword(s):

Interleukin 6 ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Interleukin 18 ◽

P Values ◽

Percent Increase ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Before And After ◽

Increase In Risk

Abstract Background The Canakinumab Antiinflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study (CANTOS) established that targeting inflammation with interleukin-1b (IL-1b) inhibition can significantly reduce cardiovascular event rates in the absence of beneficial effects on cholesterol. Yet, CANTOS participants treated with both statins and canakinumab remain at considerable risk. Both interleukin-6 (IL-6, a central signaling cytokine) or interleukin-18 (IL-18, which like IL-1b requires the NLRP3 inflammasome for activation) may contribute to the recurrent events that occur even on canakinumab therapy, and thus represent novel targets for treating atherothrombosis. Purpose To assess the impact of canakinumab therapy on plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-18, and to assess the potential contributions of IL-6 and IL-18 to residual inflammatory risk both before and after treatment with canakinumab. Methods Plasma samples from 3,381 stable post-myocardial infarction patients assigned to active IL-1b inhibition within CANTOS underwent measurement of IL-6 and IL-18 both before and after initiation of canakinumab. All participants were followed over a 3.7 year period for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality. Results When compared to placebo, canakinumab significantly reduced IL-6 levels in a dose-dependent manner yielding placebo-subtracted median percent reductions in IL-6 at 3 months of 24.8, 36.3, and 43.2 percent for the 50mg, 150mg, and 300mg doses, respectively (all p-values <0.001). In marked contrast, no dose of canakinumab significantly altered IL-18 levels measured at 3 months (all effects less than 1 percent, all p-values >0.05). Yet, despite these differential plasma effects, both baseline and on-treatment levels of IL-6 and IL-18 associated with rates of future cardiovascular events and with all-cause mortality. For example, for MACE, each tertile increase in IL-6 measured 3 months after canakinumab initiation associated with a 42 percent increase in risk (95% CI 26–59%, P<0.0001) while each tertile increase in IL-18 measured 3 months after canakinumab initiation associated with a 15 percent increase in risk (95% CI 3–29% P=0.015). Similar effects were observed for MACE-plus, cardiovascular death, and all-cause mortality. Conclusions These randomized trial biomarker analyses from CANTOS demonstrate that interleukin-1b inhibition with canakinumab significantly reduces plasma levels of IL-6 but not IL-18, yet that there remains substantial residual inflammatory risk related to both IL-6 and IL-18. As such, our data support further pharmacologic development of potential anti-cytokine therapies for atherothrombosis that simultaneously inhibit IL-1b and IL-18 (such as NLRP3 inhibitors) as well as agents that directly target IL-6 signaling. Acknowledgement/Funding Novartis

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Salivary and plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and myeloperoxidase at rest and after acute physical exercise in patients with coronary artery disease

10.1101/455915 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Zeid Mahmood ◽

Helena Enocsson ◽

Maria Bäck ◽

Anna K Lundberg ◽

Lena Jonasson

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Bicycle Ergometer ◽

Low Grade ◽

Cardiac Events ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Acute Physical Exercise

AbstractBackgroundLow-grade systemic inflammation is a predictor of recurrent cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Plasma proteins such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) have been shown to reflect basal as well as stress-induced inflammation in CAD. Measurements of MMP-9 and MPO in saliva might pose several advantages. Therefore, we investigated whether salivary levels of MMP-9 and MPO corresponded to plasma levels in patients with CAD, both at rest and after acute physical exercise.MethodsAn acute bout of physical exercise on a bicycle ergometer was used as a model for stress-induced inflammation. Twenty-three CAD patients performed the test on two occasions 3-6 months apart. Whole unstimulated saliva was collected before, directly after and 30 min after exercise while plasma was collected before and after 30 min. MMP-9 and MPO in saliva and plasma were determined by Luminex.ResultsMMP-9 and MPO levels were 2- to 4-fold higher in saliva than in plasma. Within the saliva compartment, and also to a great extent within the plasma compartments, MMP-9 and MPO showed strong intercorrelations at all time points. However, there were no (or weak) correlations between salivary and plasma MMP-9 and none between salivary and plasma MPO.ConclusionWe conclude that salivary diagnostics cannot be used to assess systemic levels of MMP-9 and MPO in CAD patients, neither at rest nor after acute physical exercise.

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Modulation of Energy Intake and Expenditure Due to Habitual Physical Exercise

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612822666160419144200 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (24) ◽

pp. 3681-3699 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Matoulek Martin ◽

Slaby Krystof ◽

Radvansky jiri ◽

Dankova Martina ◽

Vetrovska Renata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Energy Intake

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Choroidal Thickness and Volume Modifications Induced by Aerobic Exercise in Healthy Young Adults

Ophthalmic Research ◽

10.1159/000511201 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gema Insa-Sánchez ◽

Lorena Fuentes-Broto ◽

Alberto Cobos ◽

Elvira Orduna Hospital ◽

Francisco Segura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Young Adults ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Choroidal Thickness ◽

Activity Level ◽

Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Imaging Protocol ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Physical Activity Levels

Introduction: Our aim was to evaluate the changes in choroidal thickness (CT) and volume (CV) following aerobic physical exercise in healthy young adults. Methods: This study included 72 eyes from healthy volunteers between 22 and 37 years old. Using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, total physical activity was computed. Measurements using an autorefractometer, ocular biometry, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography using the Enhanced Depth Imaging protocol were taken. OCT was performed as a baseline measurement and after performing 10 min of dynamic physical exercise (3 and 10 min post-exercise). The choroidal layer was manually segmented, and the CT and CV in different areas from the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grid were obtained. Results: In healthy adults, at 3 min post-exercise, CT was higher in the subfoveal, the 3-mm nasal, and the 6-mm superior areas. Between 3 and 10 min post-exercise, the CT was reduced in all areas, and in some areas, the values were even smaller than the baseline measurements. The CV values showed changes after exercise similar to those of thickness. The total CV recovery after exercise was related to sex and physical activity level. Conclusion: Individuals with higher physical activity habits had greater CV at rest than those with lower physical activity levels. During exercise, healthy young people adjust CT and CV. At 3 min post-exercise, CT and CV increase. Women and individuals with greater physical activity levels reduce their total CV more than others during recovery.

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FRI0374 PLASMA LEVELS OF 14-3-3 PROTEIN, S100A8/S100A9-PROTEIN, INTERLEUKIN-6, INTERLEUKIN-18, INTERLEUKIN-4, INTERLEUKIN-17, INTERLEUKIN-1Β AND TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-Α IN CHRONIC NON-BACTERIAL OSTEOMYEILITIS AND NON-SYSTEMIC JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.6469 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 784.3-784

Author(s):

M. Kostik ◽

M. Makhova ◽

D. Kozlova ◽

D. Vasilyev ◽

L. Sorokina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽

Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽

Interleukin 6 ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Tumor Necrosis ◽

Tumor Necrosis Factor Α ◽

Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

Factor Α ◽

Necrosis Factor

Background:Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is an immune-mediated disease associated with cytokine dysbalance.Objectives:The aim of our study was to evaluate the cytokines levels in CNO and compare to juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) – disease with immune-mediated mechanism.Methods:The diagnosis of CNO made with criteria, proposed by Jansson (2007, 2009), after the exclusion of other causes of bone disease [1]. We included 42 patients with NBO, 28 patients with non-systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We evaluated plasma levels of 14-3-3 protein, S100A8/S100A9-protein, interleukine-6 (IL-6), interleukine-18 (IL-18), interleukine-4 (IL-4), interleukine-17 (IL-17), interleukine-1β (IL-1 β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in 2 groups by the ELISA. Statistical analysis was carried out with Statistica 10.0 software. We utilized descriptive statistics (Me; IQR), Mann-Whitney tests.Results:We have found differences in the proinflammatory biomarkers between CNO, JIA. Patients with NBO had lower levels of studied cytokines, exclude14-3-3-protein, S100A8/S100A9 and interleukin-6 compare to JIA patients (table 1).Table 1.Comparison the cytokine levels between CNO, JIA NParameterNBO (n=42)JIA (n=28)pHemoglobin, g/l112 (104; 124)120 (114.5; 126.0)0.02WBC x 109/l7.9 (7.0; 10.5)8.0 (6.7; 10.0)0.86PLT x 109/l347 (259; 408)336.5 (274.0; 390.5)0.98ESR. mm/h25.0 (9.0; 46.0)8.5 (2.5; 13.0)0.013CRP, mg/l6.1 (0.6; 2.4)1.8 (0.4; 11.9)0.02714-3-3, ng/ml21.4 (18.5; 27.1)19.9 (18.0; 27.8)0.77S100A8/S100A9, ng/ml5.9 (5.2; 6.5)5.9 (5.0; 6.2)0.76IL-6, ng/ml126,2 (112.8; 137.5)132.4 (117.4; 142.9)0.16IL-18, ng/ml270.1 (200.1; 316.1)388.3 (373.9; 405.1)0.0000001IL-4, ng/ml15.3 (11.5; 18.2)18.7 (16.2; 20.2)0.003IL-17, ng/ml83.1 (71.1; 97.3)99.2 (87.3; 115.8)0.003IL-1b, ng/ml47.4 (42.0; 51.3)70.8 (65.3; 73.6)0.0000001TNFa, ng/ml19.4 (17.8; 21.3)23.1 (20.2; 25.9)0.0006Conclusion:Patients with CNO had less proinflammatory activity then JIA patients, besides IL-6 and S100A8/S100A9. Further investigations required for finding new more precise biomarkers and finding possible molecular targets for treatment.This work supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant № 18-515-57001)References:[1]Jansson AF, et al. Clinical score for nonbacterial osteitis in children and adults. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60(4):1152-9.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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