Classification of Small Seasonal Ponds Based on Soil–Water Environments in the Cuvelai Seasonal Wetland System, North-Central Namibia

The multi-height (low, L = 3 cm; intermediate, M = 100 cm; high, H = 200 cm) Beerkan run methodology was applied on both a minimum tilled (MT) (i.e., up to a depth of 30 cm) and a no-tilled (NT) bare loam soil, and the soil water retention curve was estimated by the BEST-steady algorithm. Three indicators of soil physical quality (SPQ), i.e., macroporosity (Pmac), air capacity (AC) and relative field capacity (RFC) were calculated to assess the impact of water pouring height under alternative soil management practices. Results showed that, compared to the reference low run, M and H runs affected both the estimated soil water retention curves and derived SPQ indicators. Generally, M–H runs significantly reduced the mean values of Pmac and AC and increased RFC for both MT and NT soil management practices. According to the guidelines for assessment of SPQ, the M and H runs: (i) worsened Pmac classification of both MT and NT soils; (ii) did not worsen AC classification, regardless of soil management parameters; (iii) worsened RFC classification of only NT soil, as a consequence of insufficient soil aeration. For both soil management techniques, a strong negative correlation was found between the Pmac and AC values and the gravitational potential energy, Ep, of the water used for the infiltration runs. A positive correlation was detected between RFC and Ep. The relationships were plausible from a soil physics point of view. NT soil has proven to be more resilient than MT. This study contributes toward testing simple and robust methods capable of quantifying soil degradation effects, due to intense rainfall events, under different soil management practices in the Mediterranean environment.

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Soil Water Retention-Based Methodology for the Classification of Expansive Soils

Geo-Chicago 2016 ◽

10.1061/9780784480144.086 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Morteza Khorshidi ◽

Ning Lu

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Water Retention ◽

Expansive Soils ◽

Soil Water Retention

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Characterization of Electroencephalographic Findings at an Electrodiagnostic Unit of a Tertiary Hospital, North-central Nigeria

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN BASIC AND CLINICAL SCIENCES ◽

10.46912/jrbcs.94 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 49-55

Author(s):

E U Iwuozo ◽

J O Enyikwola ◽

I O Obekpa ◽

O O Ijachi ◽

A A Godwin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Seizure Disorder ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

North Central ◽

Younger Age ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Diagnosis And Classification ◽

Age Range

Electroencephalography (EEG) remains an important investigative tool in supporting the diagnosis and classification of various seizure types. We sought to examine and characterize the EEG findings from all patients referred for the procedure. This cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out at an EEG unit in Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Benue State, North Central Nigeria from May 2016 to December 2020. Relevant patients' information were extracted and analysed using SPSS version 21. A total of 484 patients were seen over the study period with age range of 1-87 years and median age of 23 years. They comprised of 254 (52.5%) male and 230 (47.5%) female. The psychiatrist and the Physicians/Neurologist referred most of them for EEG, 201 (41.5%) and 124 (25.6%) respectively. The most reported indication for EEG was clinical suspicion of seizure disorder 291 (60.1%), whilst some did not have a clear indication 111 (22.9%). About 417 (86.2%) of our patients had abnormal EEG finding out of which 414 (99.3%) were diagnostic of seizure disorder made up of generalized seizure in 255 (61.6%) and focal seizure in 159 (38.4%). About 237 (48.9%) of them were already on antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) at referral of which 190 (80.2%0 were taking carbamazepine. This study showed a high prevalence of abnormal EEG with most of them diagnostic of seizure disorder especially generalized seizure. They were mostly of younger age group with about half of them already on AEDs at referral, majority of who were sent by the Psychiatrist.

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PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS AND SPECIES IDENTIFICATION OF 11 GORGONIAN CORALS (OCTOCORALLIA: ALCYONACEA) IN THE NORTH CENTRAL COAST OF VIETNAM BASED ON MSH1MTDNA AND 28S RDNA MARKERS

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/13298 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (08) ◽

pp. 505-514

Author(s):

Nguyen Chi Mai ◽

◽

NinhThi Ngoc ◽

Nguyen Xuan Cuong ◽

Nguyen Hoai Nam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Identification ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

28S Rdna ◽

Central Coast ◽

North Central ◽

The North ◽

Traditional Classification ◽

Gorgonian Corals ◽

Coast Of Vietnam

Vietnam contains diverse marine ecosystems with the high biodiversity of marine organisms, including gorgonian corals of Alcyonacea order. In order to support traditional classification of these corals, in this study mitochondrial barcoding markers msh1 and nuclear 28S rDNA were developed for analysis of 11 specimens collected in 2015 and 2016 from different islands and bays along the North Central coast of Vietnam. Phylogenetic analyses based on msh1 and 28S sequence polymorphism showed that all specimens belonged to Anthozoa class, Octocorallia sub-class and Alcyonacea order. At lower taxa levels, they were divided into 4 sub-orders, 7 families and 7 genera according to 7 distinct clades with bootstrap values from 99-100%.The identifications of 7 out of 11 specimens including Sinularia brassica (2 specimens)and Sinularialeptoclados, Dichotellagemmacea, Annella reticulata, S. conferta and S. nanolobata were in concordance between morphological and molecular methods. The other 4 specimens were only identified at genus levels of Astrogorgia sp., Melithaea sp. Scleronephthya sp. and Muricella sp. by either msh1-morphology or msh1-28S markers. These results highlight the importance of molecular markers to elucidate patterns of biodiversity and species identification of soft coral.

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CLASSIFICATION OF THE HORNTAILS AND SAWFLIES, OR THE SUB-ORDER PHYTOPHAGA

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent30177-7 ◽

1898 ◽

Vol 30 (7) ◽

pp. 177-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

William H. Ashmead

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

North Central ◽

Malay Archipelago ◽

Parasitic Hymenoptera ◽

Single Genus

This group was recognized as a sub-family by Newman as early as 1834, and as a distinct family by Haliday in 1839. It is represented at present by a single genus, Oryssus, Latr., which is apparenrly the stem from whence some of the parasitic Hymenoptera originated; i. e., the Megalyridae, Stephanidae, etc.I have now, however, the pleasure of indicating below another genus, indigenous to Africa.Although comparatively few species are described in the group, it yet appears to be widely distributed, species having been found in North, Central and South America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Aru, in the Malay Archipelago.

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SHORT-RANGE SOIL VARIABILITY AND CLASSIFICATION OF PODZOLIC PEDONS ALONG A TRANSECT IN THE LAURENTIAN HIGHLANDS

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss86-002 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 21-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C. WANG ◽

J. A. McKEAGUE

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Soil Water ◽

Short Range ◽

Water Regime ◽

Soil Variability ◽

Soil Series ◽

Podzolic Soils ◽

Soil Water Regime ◽

The One

Pedons were described, sampled and classified at 5-m intervals along a 130-m transect in an area typical of the southern Laurentian Highlands in order to assess short-range soil variability. Orthic Ferro-Humic Podzol was the dominant subgroup (25 of 27 sites). Differences in depth to bedrock and in soil water regime resulted in four soil families; bedrock was exposed at one site. At 21 of the 27 sites, however, the pedons were classified in one family: Orthic Ferro-Humic Podzol, coarse loamy, cold, humid. Differences in thicknesses and sequences of horizons resulted in a total of at least nine soil series. At scales of 1:20 000 or somewhat smaller, the soils of map units in the area would be most appropriately indicated as slope phases (10–40% slopes) of families. The dominant family would be the one indicated above with inclusions of shallow to extremely shallow phases and bedrock outcrops. Key words: Soil variability, Podzolic soils, classification of pedons

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Distribution of ammonium-N in the water-soil interface of a surface-flow constructed wetland for swine wastewater treatment

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2001.0823 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 44 (11-12) ◽

pp. 157-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A.A. Szögi ◽

P.G. Hunt

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Surface Flow ◽

Swine Wastewater ◽

Water Interface ◽

Material Transport ◽

N Losses ◽

N Removal ◽

Ammonium N ◽

Wetland System ◽

System 1

Most livestock wastewaters treated in constructed wetlands are typically rich in ammonium N. The objective of this study was to evaluate the soil-water ammonium distribution and the diffusive flux through the soil-water interface. Wetland system 1 (WS1) was planted to rush and bulrushes, and wetland system 2 (WS2) was planted to bur-reed and cattails. Nitrogen was applied at a rate of 2.5 g m-2 d-1. Interstitial soil water was sampled at 9, 24, 50, and 70 m from the inlet. In both wetlands, we found that NH4+ diffusion gradient and N losses were highest in the wetland system with lowest water depth. From other studies, we knew that shallower depths may have promoted a more effective interfacing of nitrifying and denitrifying environments. In turn, this N reduction in the water column may be the reason for steady NH4+-N upward diffusion fluxes. The assumed mechanism for N removal has been nitrification and denitrification but ammonia volatilization could also have occurred. Although diffusion may explain a significant portion of the material transport between the soil-water interface, the large differences in concentrations between outlet and inlet need further explanation.

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Synergistic Use of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 to Map Natural Forest and Acacia Plantation and Stand Ages in North-Central Vietnam

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13020185 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 185

Author(s):

Ben Spracklen ◽

Dominick V. Spracklen

Keyword(s):

Short Wave ◽

Natural Forest ◽

Age Classes ◽

Planted Forests ◽

Infrared Band ◽

North Central ◽

Central Vietnam ◽

Optical Imagery ◽

Sentinel 2

Many remote sensing studies do not distinguish between natural and planted forests. We combine C-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (Sentinel-1, S-1) and optical satellite imagery (Sentinel-2, S-2) and examine Random Forest (RF) classification of acacia plantations and natural forest in North-Central Vietnam. We demonstrate an ability to distinguish plantation from natural forest, with overall classification accuracies of 87% for S-1, and 92.5% and 92.3% for S-2 and for S-1 and S-2 combined respectively. We found that the ratio of the Short-Wave Infrared Band to the Red Band proved most effective in distinguishing acacia from natural forest. We used RF on S-2 imagery to classify acacia plantations into 6 age classes with an overall accuracy of 70%, with young plantation consistently separated from older. However, accuracy was lower at distinguishing between the older age classes. For both distinguishing plantation and natural forest, and determining plantation age, a combination of radar and optical imagery did nothing to improve classification accuracy.

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