Simulation-based Analysis for Reducing Traffic Congestion in Real Traffic Networks by Demand Spreading over Time

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Hiroko Mori ◽  
Hironobu Kitaoka ◽  
Yasuo Asakura
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Networks ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Real Traffic ◽  
Over Time

VISSIM Simulation-Based Traffic Optimization Solution: Case Study in Nanjing, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 833-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Bin Yang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Yong Kai Hu ◽  
Hao Miao Wang ◽  
Lu Song
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Queue Length ◽  
Traffic Situation ◽  
Green Band ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Traffic Optimization ◽  
Real Traffic ◽  
Better Than

On the basis of traffic survey, an improved simulation model is established by using the VISSIM to simulate the traffic running operation of the Beijing West Road in Nanjing, China. By considering the evaluation of the real traffic situation, two optimized solutions are proposed to relieve the traffic congestion which is caused by the traffic tidal phenomenon. A simulation model is built, with the help from the two optimized solutions. Data about travel time, queue length, vehicular delay, vehicular stop delay and number of stops are generated. Via analyzing and comparing these significant indicators, the results show that the proposed solution is better than the solution of Green-band Traffic. The VISSIM simulation-based optimization solution in this paper is effective.

scholarly journals Risk-Based Decision Methods for Vehicular Networks

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riaz Ahmed Shaikh ◽  
Vijey Thayananthan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Decision Model ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Decision Systems ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Decision Methods

Vehicular networks play a key role in building intelligent transport systems for smart cities. For the purpose of achieving traffic efficiency, road safety, and traveler comfort, vehicles communicate and collaborate with each other as well as with the fixed infrastructure. In practice, not all vehicles are trustworthy. A faulty or malicious vehicle may forward or share inaccurate or bogus information, which may cause adverse things, such as, road accidents and traffic congestion. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate risk before a vehicle takes any decision. Various risk-based decision systems have already been proposed in the literature. The fuzzy risk-based decision model of vehicular networks is one of them. In this paper, we have proposed various extensions in the fuzzy risk-based decision model to achieve higher robustness, reliability, and completeness. We have presented the theoretical and simulation-based analysis and evaluation of the proposed scheme in a comprehensive manner. In addition, we have analytically cross verified the theoretical and simulation-based results. Qualitative comparison of the proposed scheme has also been presented in this work.

scholarly journals Issuances of Automotive Vehicles and the Impacts on Air Quality in the Largest City in the Brazilian Amazon

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Cartaxo ◽  
Ilsa Valois ◽  
Vladimiro Miranda ◽  
Marcia Costa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Manaus, a city of more than two million people, suffers problems arising from strong sunlight and aggravated by several factors, such as traffic congestion and greenhouse gas emissions generated by evaporation and burning of fuel. The present study examined Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) emissions in an urban area of the city using different methodologies. CO and NO2 were measured using automated and passive analyzers, respectively. Meanwhile, direct monitoring of these pollutants was performed in vehicular sources in the vicinity of sampling locations. Results showed that levels of carbon monoxide vary over time, being higher during peak movement of vehicles. NO2 values have exceeded the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), and monitoring at source showed high levels of CO and NO2 emissions to the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Effective Decision-Making Behaviors for Defense R&D: Accounting for Dynamic Competition

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (96) ◽  
pp. 190-233
Author(s):  
Mark Calafut ◽  
Shahram Sarkani ◽  
Thomas Mazzuchi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Defense Industry ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
Effective Decision Making ◽  
Government Laboratories ◽  
Over Time

Research and Development (R&D) in the Department of Defense (DoD) is shaped by competition. Competition is a complex, interactive process that is difficult to predict and has significant effects on the value of R&D investments over time. Initially promising investments may ultimately result in little value, due to the actions of others in a competitive environment. This article models the interaction of competition with R&D decision-making and introduces a simulation-based methodology to determine effective decision-making behaviors for the distinctive competition dynamics of DoD applications. The approach is built on the insight that R&D decision-making can be optimized for the resulting Post-Competition Value (PCV) of opportunities, rather than for their initial value. The authors demonstrate the value of this approach in three diverse applications across the DoD, including a case of defense industry companies, government laboratories, and nonprofits. In all cases, optimized behaviors are identified that achieve significantly more average value than standard alternatives that do not account for competition. This creates an opportunity for DoD leaders to systematically account for competition in their decision-making and enhance the value of their R&D investments.

scholarly journals Training and evaluating simulation debriefers in low-resource settings: lessons learned from Bihar, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia H. Raney ◽  
Melissa M. Medvedev ◽  
Susanna R. Cohen ◽  
Hilary Spindler ◽  
Rakesh Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Simulation Training ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Safe Learning Environment ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background To develop effective and sustainable simulation training programs in low-resource settings, it is critical that facilitators are thoroughly trained in debriefing, a critical component of simulation learning. However, large knowledge gaps exist regarding the best way to train and evaluate debrief facilitators in low-resource settings. Methods Using a mixed methods approach, this study explored the feasibility of evaluating the debriefing skills of nurse mentors in Bihar, India. Videos of obstetric and neonatal post-simulation debriefs were assessed using two known tools: the Center for Advanced Pediatric and Perinatal Education (CAPE) tool and Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH). Video data was used to evaluate interrater reliability and changes in debriefing performance over time. Additionally, twenty semi-structured interviews with nurse mentors explored perceived barriers and enablers of debriefing in Bihar. Results A total of 73 debriefing videos, averaging 18 min each, were analyzed by two raters. The CAPE tool demonstrated higher interrater reliability than the DASH; 13 of 16 CAPE indicators and two of six DASH indicators were judged reliable (ICC > 0.6 or kappa > 0.40). All indicators remained stable or improved over time. The number of ‘instructors questions,’ the amount of ‘trainee responses,’ and the ability to ‘organize the debrief’ improved significantly over time (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p = 0.04). Barriers included fear of making mistakes, time constraints, and technical challenges. Enablers included creating a safe learning environment, using contextually appropriate debriefing strategies, and team building. Overall, nurse mentors believed that debriefing was a vital aspect of simulation-based training. Conclusion Simulation debriefing and evaluation was feasible among nurse mentors in Bihar. Results demonstrated that the CAPE demonstrated higher interrater reliability than the DASH and that nurse mentors were able to maintain or improve their debriefing skills overtime. Further, debriefing was considered to be critical to the success of the simulation training. However, fear of making mistakes and logistical challenges must be addressed to maximize learning. Teamwork, adaptability, and building a safe learning environment enhanced the quality enhanced the quality of simulation-based training, which could ultimately help to improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes in Bihar.

DYNAMICS OF ROUTING MECHANISMS ON TRAFFIC NETWORKS

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1775-1782 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. SUN ◽  
J. J. WU ◽  
Z. Y. GAO
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Route Choice ◽  
Traffic Network ◽  
Traffic Networks ◽  
Traffic Routing ◽  
Routing Strategy ◽  
Load Distributions ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Connectivity Distribution

In this paper, we propose a simple betweenness-driven model to capture the dynamics of traffic routing choice behaviors. By comparing with two other models (degree-driven and cost-driven), it is shown that the cost-driven routing strategy is more complex and sensitive to traffic congestion. Another result indicates that the load distributions are determined by the connectivity distribution and route choice behaviors of the traffic network. The model thus provides useful insight for the design of traffic networks.

Telementoring for remote simulation instructor training and faculty development using telesimulation

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjstel-2019-000512
Author(s):  
Isabel Theresia Gross ◽  
Travis Whitfill ◽  
Luize Auzina ◽  
Marc Auerbach ◽  
Reinis Balmaks
Keyword(s):  
Faculty Development ◽  
Feedback Form ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Instructor Training ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
High Quality Medical Care ◽  
Student Version ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Over Time

IntroductionSimulation-based training is essential for high-quality medical care, but it requires access to equipment and expertise. Technology can facilitate connecting educators to training in simulation. We aimed to explore the use of remote simulation faculty development in Latvia using telesimulation and telementoring with an experienced debriefer located in the USA.MethodsThis was a prospective, simulation-based longitudinal study. Over the course of 16 months, a remote simulation instructor (RI) from the USA and a local instructor (LI) in Latvia cofacilitated with teleconferencing. Responsibility gradually transitioned from the RI to the LI. At the end of each session, students completed the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH) student version form (DASH-SV) and a general feedback form, and the LI completed the instructor version of the DASH form (DASH-IV). Outcome measures were the changes in DASH scores over time.ResultsA total of eight simulation sessions were cofacilitated of 16 months. As the role of the LI increased over time, the debrief quality measured with the DASH-IV did not change significantly (from 89 to 87), although the DASH-SV score decreased from a total median score of 89 (IQR 86–98) to 80 (IQR 78–85) (p=0.005).ConclusionIn this study, telementoring with telesimulations resulted in high-quality debriefing. The quality—perceived by the students—was higher with the involvement of the remote instructor and declined during the transition to the LI. This concept requires further investigation and could potentially build local simulation expertise promoting sustainability of high-quality simulation.

Probabilistic Fitness-for-Service Assessment of Pipeline

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlad Semiga ◽  
Aaron Dinovitzer
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Probability Of Failure ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Integrity Management ◽  
Over Time

Fitness for service assessments of oil and gas pipelines, conducted either at the design stage or to evaluate an indentified anomaly, are generally carried out in a deterministic manner based on conservative estimates of the required input parameters. The following paper presents a probabilistic Fitness-for-Service (FFS) assessment approach which can be used in a risk based pipeline integrity management program. The probabilistic assessment utilizes an Advanced Monte Carlo simulation based approach and the fracture mechanics techniques described in BS 7910. The paper presents an overview of the basic approach and provides a demonstration of its capabilities in terms of estimating the risk of failure (or probability of failure) associated with a pipeline over time, due to the presence of a crack like flaw. The paper also discusses the sources of data and inherent assumptions used to model various input parameters required for a typical FFS analysis carried out according to BS 7910.

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