Effect of somatic cells count in cow milk on the formation of biogenic amines in cheese

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivelina Ivanova ◽  
Mihaela Ivanova ◽  
Galin Ivanov ◽  
Ertugrul Bilgucu
Keyword(s):  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Cow Milk

THE ROLE OF COW PROCESSING IN IMPROVEMENT MILK QUALITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
G. A. Larionov ◽  
◽  
O. Yu. Сhecheneshkina ◽  
E. S. Yatrusheva ◽  
N. I. Yendierov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Microbiological Contamination ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Main Factor

The main factor of determining the level of sanitary and hygienic indicators of the quality of milk produced is the hygiene of milking cows. The study of the role of hygiene of milking is of great importance for a correct understanding of the ways of solving the problem of obtaining high quality milk. Special attention of scientists and practitioners in recent years are focused on the development and implementation of highly effective detergents and disinfectants in the production of milk of cows. Many researchers and practitioners have directed their work to developing measures to prevent the entry of pathogenic microflora into milk during and after milking cows. In spite of many researches carried out, aimed at controlling the number of somatic cells in milk with the use of different products based on lactic acid, chlorhexidine and iodine, the problem of high quality milk production remains unresolved. In our work results of researches on the use of probiotic means for treatment of udders of cows are given. Processing the udder of cows with probiotic means before milking by Skin Cleaner, after milking by PIP Cow Teat Cleaner reduced the amount of somatic cells in cow milk 12,8-84,0%. The use of probiotic means Biomastim lowed somatic cell count of 18,4-51,9%. Microbiological contamination of milk using probiotic means for processing the udder before milking Skin Cleaner, after milking PIP Cow Teat Cleaner decreased 4,9- 70,4 times. The application of probiotic means Biomastim after milking on the teats led to the decrease in milk of cows QMAFAnM 5,0-6,6 times.

MEASURES FOR IMPROVING THE MICROBIOLOGICAL SAFETY OF COW MILK

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
G. A. Larionov ◽  
◽  
O. Yu. Checheneshkina ◽  
N. V. Mardaryeva ◽  
N. V. Sсhiptsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Special Means ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Processing Enterprise

Safety of milk on microbiological indicators is an important condition for acceptance on the milk processing enterprise. High microbial contamination of milk and increased content of somatic cells in milk are often the cause of discrepancy to modern requirements of national and international regulatory documents. The development and implementation of measures aimed at improving the condition of the udder of cows, the use of modern means of processing is one of the most important tasks to improve the sanitary and hygienic conditions of milk production. Prevention of mastitis is one of the effective ways to improve the safety and quality of cows' milk. It is known that the most affordable way to prevent mastitis is strict hygiene during milking. In our article the results of research work received in the conditions of a dairy farm are presented. Researches on use of modern domestic means of processing of an udder before and after milking are carried out. For this, two experimental and one control groups were created. In summer and autumn, the udder of cows in the experimental groups were treated with special detergents and disinfectants. In the control group, the udders were not treated with special means. Udder hygiene was maintained by washing the nipples with warm water, as is customary in the household. It was established that the treatment of the udder of cows with disinfectants decreased the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultatively anaerobic microorganisms and somatic cells in the milk of cows.

scholarly journals MEASURES TO REDUCE THE MICROBIAL CONTENT AND THE NUMBER OF SOMATIC CELLS IN COW MILK

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (385) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
G. A. Larionov ◽  
◽  
K. D. Dzhanabekov ◽  
V. G. Semenov ◽  
G. K. Dzhanabekova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Cow Milk

scholarly journals Extraction and Quantitative Analysis of Stearoyl-Coenzyme A Desaturase mRNA from Dairy Cow Milk Somatic Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 4128-4136 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Feng ◽  
A.M. Salter ◽  
T. Parr ◽  
P.C. Garnsworthy
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Somatic Cells

scholarly journals Biogenic Amines Determination in “Plant Milks”

Beverages ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Gobbi ◽  
Salvatore Ciano ◽  
Mattia Rapa ◽  
Roberto Ruggieri
Keyword(s):  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Oil Seeds ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Specific Regulation

“Plant milks” are water-based beverages, such as, extracts from cereals, pseudo-cereals, oil seeds, legumes or fruits. Plant milk consumption is rising in European and North American markets due to problems related to cow milk allergies, intolerances, but also because of vegan diets and sensitivity to environmental issues. There is no specific regulation for these beverages, therefore their composition can vary considerably, even in the same category. The aim of this study is to characterize the main categories of cereal and pseudo-cereal milks on the market by studying the profile of 8 biogenic amines (histamine, serotonin, spermine, spermidine, putrescine, β-phenylethylamine, cadaverine, tyramine) through a RP-HPLC/FD method with a pre-column derivatization. Biogenic amines are ubiquitous compounds, produced by the decarboxylation of the respective amino acids and they have been proposed as quality and safety markers of different foods and beverages. In the analyzed samples, the total biogenic amines content ranged from a minimum of 1.92 mg/L, to a maximum of 9.27 mg/L. The main biogenic amine found in the samples was histamine. The results show a low content of biogenic amines in all types of analyzed products. This ensures the quality and safety of cereal and pseudo-cereal milk samples.

Changes in the biochemical composition and the numbers of somatic cells in cow milk during the summer period of animal keeping

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
A. A. Savina ◽  
◽  
O. A. Voronina ◽  
S. Yu. Zaytsev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Amperometric Method

The aim of the work was to study the main biochemical parameters, including the measurements of the total amount of water-soluble antioxidants by the amperometric method, milk samples and the number of somatic cells in the milk of black-and-white cows in the summer period of animal keeping. In the work, the total amount of water-soluble antioxidants (TAWSA) was assessed by the amperometric method (on the TsvetYauza 01-AA device) and the average values of the component composition of milk for two groups of cows, which were formed by the number of somatic cells (NSC). Milk of mastitis cows causes food poisoning, that is why two groups were formed according to the NSC values: 1) less than 100 thousand units/ml; 2) from 100 to 700 thousand units/ml, in milk samples of black-and-white cows of the Moscow region that was used as raw material. The TAWSA values for 11 samples of milk from cows in group 1 ranged from 20,9 mg/g to 41,4 mg/g (average value 27,8±5,1 mg/g); mass fraction of fat (MFF) – 4,95±0,80%; protein mass fraction (PMF) – 3,13±0,27%; milk yield is about 20,5±4,1 L/day. Found correlations between TAWSA and the following parameters of milk: MFF – –0,25; PMF – +0,30; SOMO – –0,39; milk yield – +0,146. The TAWSA values for 16 milk samples of cows in group 2 ranged from 18,8 mg/g to 29,5 mg/g (average value 23,6±2,1 mg/g); MFF – 4.77±0.39%; PMF – 3,36±0,22%; milk yield about 20,0±3,1 L/ day. Found correlations between TAWSA and the following parameters of milk: MFF – –0,37; PMF – +0,11; SOMO – –0,32; milk yield – –0,12. The data obtained are of great importance both in assessing the physiological and biochemical status and the state of the antioxidant defense system of the cow’s organism.

scholarly journals The Relationships between Somatic Cells and Isoleucine, Leucine and Tyrosine Content in Cow Milk

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Ianni ◽  
Paola Sechi ◽  
Alessandro La Mantia ◽  
Lucia Pucciarini ◽  
Emidio Camaioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Group I

The early diagnosis of cow subclinical mastitis represents a pivotal factor for a prompt and adequate animal treatment. Although several methods are available, the somatic cells count (SCC) still remains the elective test directly carried out on milk samples. In mastitis affected cows (even at subclinical stages), altered concentrations of specific metabolites, including free amino acids, is a well-known occurrence. In order to define the relationships between the variation of the unbound amino acids content with the SCC value, a direct ion-pairing reversed-phase method based on the use of the evaporative light-scattering detector (IP-RP-HPLC-ELSD) was applied to 65 cow milk samples. The statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) was pursued in order to find a correlation between the SCC value and the concentration of isoleucine (Ile), leucine (Leu), valine (Val) and tyrosine (Tyr). Samples were divided in two groups according to their SCC value: Group I comprised all ones with SCC < 400,000 cells/mL; Group II encompassed those with a SCC > 400,000 cells/mL. Statistical analyses highlighted significant differences in the content of the branched-chain amino acids Ile and Leu, between the two groups (p < 0.02* and <0.005**, respectively). This study confirms that a dysmetabolism of certain free amino acids parallels elevated SCC values.

UltrasonicatedEnterococcus faeciumSF68 enhances neutrophil free radical production and udder innate immunity of drying-off dairy cows

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsing-Yi Peng ◽  
Attapol Tiantong ◽  
Shuen-Ei Chen ◽  
Piya Piamya ◽  
Wen-Bor Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Bovine Blood ◽  
Post Infusion

Proper dry cow management is critical not only for subsequent milk production and fertility but also for mastitis control. A phenomenon of immunosuppression was commonly observed in transition cows, an example being the high susceptibility of the mammary gland during early the dry period to new infectious agents. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) play important defence roles in the mammary gland of newly dried cows. One of the bactericidal mechanisms of PMN is through producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can be efficiently quantified by chemiluminescence (CL) assay. In the current study, the potential of intramammary application of a commercialEnterococcus faeciumSF68 (SF68) product to enhance the local innate immunity of newly dried mammary glands was evaluated based on the CL assay. The preliminary experiments in vitro indicated virtual dose-responsiveness of ROS generation from three different cell preparations, bovine blood PMN, bovine blood PMN pre-conditioned with cow milk, and the post-diapedesis model somatic cells from cow milk, on their exposure to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), viable SF68, and ultrasonicated SF68, but not dry-heated SF68. Because ultrasonication treatment was found to profoundly enhance the immunogenicity of SF68 in vitro, in the following animal trial, single infusion of either 5 or 10×107original cfu of ultrasonicated SF68 was randomly applied to the front quarters and phosphate-bufferedsaline (PBS) applied to the rear quarters of each of the four experimental cows on the first day of milk stasis. The results showed that within the first post-infusion week, ultrasonicated SF68 induced a faster and greater (P<0·05) recruitment of PMN into mammary lumen with no apparent local or systemic inflammatory sign. Meanwhile, ultrasonicated SF68 also induced a greater (P<0·05) ROS production in response to PMA challenge by in situ somatic cells of mammary secretion. Taken together, ultrasonicated SF68 modulated ROS generation of bovine neutrophils, and would be a potential enhancer of udder innate immunity in drying-off dairy cows. More thorough work is warranted.

scholarly journals Contents of some biologically active amines in a Czech blue-vein cheese

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 428-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Komprda ◽  
V. Dohnal ◽  
R. Závodníková
Keyword(s):  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Trade Mark ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Samples ◽  
Edge Part ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Production Period

Biogenic amines (histamine, tyramine, tryptamine, phenylethylamine, cadaverine) including biologically active polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) were determined by HPLC method after 7, 21, 35, and 49 days of ripening in the core (C) and edge (E) samples of a blue-veined cheese, popular in the Czech Republic under the trade mark Niva, produced in the three consecutive months (October, November, December) from pasteurised cow milk using <i>Penicillium roqueforti</i> spores; two vats were produced in each month. The cheese vat, including the production period, accounted for (<i>P</i> < 0.05) one third and two thirds of the explained variability of the sum of biogenic amines and the sum of polyamines, respectively. The ripening time was significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05) from this viewpoint only in the case of the sum of biogenic amines (nearly half of the explained variability). Putrescine and spermidine contents in cheese did not change (<i>P</i> > 0.05), spermine content even decreased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) with increasing time of ripening. Tyramine content (<i>Y</i>, mg/kg) in the core samples increased linearly with increasing time of ripening (X, days), <i>Y</i> = 6.3 + 11.69<i>X</i>, <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.26, <i>P</i> < 0.001, contrary to the edge part where tyramine content did not change (<i>P</i> > 0.05). At the end of ripening (49 days), tyramine was quantitatively the most abundant amine (the mean and median 380 mg/kg and 289 mg/kg, respectively), its content in different cheeses (vats) varying from 10 mg/kg to 875 mg/kg. Cadaverine concentration varied between 3 mg/kg and 491 mg/kg (the mean 114, median 56 mg/kg). The levels of other biogenic amines and polyamines (with the exception of putrescine in the edge part of one of the December vats: 117 mg/kg) were very low even at the end of ripening. Tyramine contents at the end of ripening in the core-samples were higher (<i>P</i> < 0.01) in comparison with those in the edge-samples, contrary to histamine, cadaverine, putrescine, and spermine contents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document