scholarly journals Cost-effective cellulase production using Parthenium hysterophorus biomass as an unconventional lignocellulosic substrate

3 Biotech ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Saini ◽  
Neeraj K. Aggarwal ◽  
Anita Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Lignocellulosic Substrate

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Dye Degradation by Leaf and Root Extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus L

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-331
Author(s):  
Dipesh Shahi ◽  
Rajiv Sapkota
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Phytotoxicity Test

The use of different dyes and pigments is increasing with the increase in industrialization leading to the high production of effluent. The effluent contaminated with dyes and dye-stuff has harmful effects on public health and the environment. Thus, the treatment of effluent is essential. Biological approaches are gaining much interest due to their cost-effective and eco-friendly nature over various physicochemical methods for the treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater. This study highlights on the biodegradation of congo red and malachite green by using leaf and root extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus. The extract and the dye were mixed in the ratio of 1:2 and incubated at 40ºC for 90 minutes. Decolorization assay was performed using UV visible spectrophotometer which indicated that decolorization was due to degradation of dyes into non-colored metabolites. The leaves extract exhibited higher decolorizing activity than roots extract. The maximum decolorization for leaves extract was 55.8% (congo red) and 51.6% (malachite green). Furthermore, phytotoxicity test was carried out to determine the effect of dyes and their degradation metabolites on seed germination and seedling growth of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L). The germination percentage and seedling growth were more in degradation metabolites than untreated dyes, indicating less toxic nature of degradation metabolites. Hence, it can be inferred that P. hysterophorus extracts can be used to treat dye wastewater and treated wastewater can be used for irrigation. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 327-331

scholarly journals Pea peel waste: A lignocellulosic waste and its utility in cellulase production by Tricoderma reesei under solid state cultivation

BioResources ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1505-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Verma ◽  
Mukesh C. Bansal ◽  
Vivek Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Lignocellulosic Waste ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Production Study ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Starch Hydrolysate

A wide variety of waste bioresources are available on our planet for conversion into bioproducts. In the biological systems, microorganisms are used to utilize waste as an energy source for the synthesis of valuable products such as biomass proteins and enzymes. The large quantities of byproducts generated during the processing of plant food involve an economic and environmental problem due to their high volumes and elimination costs. After isolation of the main constituent, there are abundant remains which represent an inexpensive material that has been undervalued until now. Pea peel waste is one of the undervalued, unused sources of energy that can serve as a potential source for cellulase production. Batch experiments have been performed, using pea peel waste as a carbon source for cellulase production under solid state cultivation by Trichoderma reesei. It was observed that 30 oC temperature and pH 5.0 are the most favorable conditions for cellulase production by T. reesei. FPase activity significantly increases by incorporation of whey as well as wheat starch hydrolysate in the basal salt media used in the production study. The present study describes the utility of pea peel waste, whey as well as wheat starch hydrolysate in cellulase production by T. reesei. The utilization of economically cheap, pea peel waste for cellulase production could be a novel, cost effective, and valuable approach in cellulase production as well as in solid waste management.

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF ALPHA AMYLASE AND CELLULASE FROM SOLID STATE CULTURE OF ASPERGILLUS OCHRACEUS: A FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sohail Khan ◽  
Ashwani Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Aspergillus Ochraceus ◽  
Trichoderma Longibrachiatum ◽  
State Culture ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative

The growing demand and application of industrially important enzyme necessitate the need to explore new sources with diverse enzymes ranging in their specificity and activities. Enzymes are safe alternatives to chemical synthesis due to minimum side effect and ease of manufacturing. Solid state fermentation (SSF) is a cost-effective alternative to submerged fermentation with agro-residues or waste, often being used as substrate for growing diverse organisms for production of metabolites. Current study is one of the scarce report on exploring alpha amylase and cellulase production ability Aspergillus ochraceus (MTCC 1877) using wheat bran as substrate at relative humidity of 90% and at 30 ºC, for 7 days. Result showed the potential of Aspergillus ochraceus (MTCC 1877), as potential source of the two enzymes. Results revealed comparatively higher alpha amylase activity in the SSF extract of Aspergillus ochraceus (MTCC 1877) in comparison to Trichoderma longibrachiatum (ITCC 7839). On the contrary, comparatively higher cellulase activity was observed in the SSF extract of Trichoderma longibrachiatum (ITCC 7839). The results showed the potential of Aspergillus ochraceus (MTCC 1877) as a source of the two enzymes. Variation in enzymes activity may be attributed to the experimental culture conditions and may be further optimized to enhance the enzymes yield.

scholarly journals Validation of Flory-Huggins model for phenol adsorption by Parthenium hysterophorus in a batch system

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakia Latif1 ◽  
Aliya Fazal2 ◽  
Muhammad Aziz Choudhary1 ◽  
Zahoor Ahmad1 ◽  
Muhammad Aslam Mirza1
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Phenol Adsorption ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Adsorbent Surface ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Biomass Dosage ◽  
Rate Limiting

Parthenium hysterophorus weed powder was studied as adsorbent for phenol adsorption from its aqueous standardized solution. The adsorption of pollutant was found improving with an increase of biomass dosage and contact time. The intraparticle diffusion of phenol onto adsorbent surface was identified to be the rate limiting step. Linear form of Flory-Huggins model revealed preeminence to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich due to highest value of R2. The remediation process was figured out as a physisorption rather than a chemical one based on value of E (0.21KJ/mol). Active sites of sorbent surface identified by FT-IR were oxygen containing functional groups. Recent study proposes cost effective utilization of toxic allergent for treatment of toxic waste.

scholarly journals A comparative study of cellulase production in inorganic and organic supplements by a cellulolytic tree bark fungus

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
V Vijeetha ◽  
A Jayakumaran Nair
Keyword(s):  
Congo Red ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Activity Staining ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
Production Strategy

The study was conducted to compare the cellulase production using organic and inorganic supplements by isolating a tree bark (Mangifera indica) fungus, for a cost-effective cellulase production. Three fungi (f1, f2 and f3) were isolated from the bark of the tree, of which f3 was found to be potential in cellulase production which was confirmed by primary screening (congo red activity staining). Through endoglucanase and total cellulase activity assays, it was observed that the isolated strain exhibited cellulase activity of 0.25 U/ml for endoglucanase when 1% CMC was supplemented to the medium. An activity of 8 IU/g towards FPase and for endoglucanase 10.35 U/g was obtained on non-purified inorganic supplements. Sugarcane bagasse was found to be the best inorganic supplement for cellulase production. Here, we try to adopt a cost-effective production strategy of cellulase. The future perspective of this investigation is to identify the strain and purification of the enzyme for industrial purpose.

The application of electron microscopy to diagnosis in gynecologic neoplasms and tumor-like conditions

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Ultrastructural Examination ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Gynecologic Neoplasms

The female reproductive tract may be the site of a wide variety of benign and malignant tumors, as well as non-neoplastic tumor-like conditions, most of which can be diagnosed by light microscopic examination including special stains and more recently immunoperoxidase techniques. Nevertheless there are situations where ultrastructural examination can contribute substantially to an accurate and specific diagnosis. It is my opinion that electron microscopy can be of greatest benefit and is most cost effective when applied in conjunction with other methodologies. Thus, I have developed an approach which has proved useful for me and may have benefit for others. In cases where it is deemed of potential value, glutaraldehyde-fixed material is obtained at the time of frozen section or otherwise at operation. Coordination with the gynecologic oncologist is required in the latter situation. This material is processed and blocked and is available if a future need arises.

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