scholarly journals Planning and governing nature-based solutions in river landscapes: Concepts, cases, and insights

AMBIO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Albert ◽  
Jochen Hack ◽  
Stefan Schmidt ◽  
Barbara Schröter
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Ecosystem Processes ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Landscape Development ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Societal Needs ◽  
Governance Models ◽  
Landscape Scales ◽  
Technical Solutions

AbstractNature-based solutions (NBS), understood as actions that use ecosystem processes to address societal needs, can play important roles to future-proof river landscape development for people and nature. However, knowledge gaps exist how NBS can be planned and implemented at landscape scales. This Special Issue brings together insights and experiences from studies of assessing, planning, and implementing NBS in river landscapes in Europe and beyond. It addresses three research fields: (i) NBS effects, looking at the effectiveness of NBS to achieve ecological, social, and/or economic outcomes, (ii) NBS planning, focusing on approaches for planning and designing NBS, and (iii) NBS governance, relating to governance and business models for implementation. The twelve contributions deliver evidence on how NBS outperform conventional, rather technical solutions, provide guidance and tools to operationalize the NBS concept into practice, and showcase successful governance models of NBS in different contexts. The editorial ends with an outlook on further research needs.

scholarly journals Introduction to Special Issue “Mobile Communications and Novel Business Models”

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 674
Author(s):  
Petri Ahokangas ◽  
Marja Matinmikko-Blue
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Communications Technologies

With the ongoing introduction of 5G, the fifth generation of mobile communications technologies, the mobile communications sector is facing disruption in regulative, business and technology domains [...]

scholarly journals Aligning diagnostics to the point-of-care: lessons for innovators, evaluators and decision-makers from tuberculosis and HIV

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. e003457
Author(s):  
Nora Engel ◽  
Petra F G Wolffs
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Intended Use ◽  
Global Stakeholders

Diagnostics, including those that work at point-of-care, are an essential part of successful public health responses to infectious diseases and pandemics. Yet, they are not always used or fit intended use settings. This paper reports on key insights from a qualitative study on how those engaged with developing and implementing new point-of-care (POC) diagnostics for tuberculosis (TB) and HIV ensure these technologies work at POC. Ethnographic fieldwork between 2015 and 2017 consisting of 53 semistructured interviews with global stakeholders and visits to workshops, companies, and conferences was combined with 15 semistructured interviews with stakeholders in India including providers, decision-makers, scientists and developers and visits to companies, clinics and laboratories. Our results show how developers and implementer of HIV and TB POC diagnostics aim to know and align their diagnostics to elements in more settings than just intended use, but also the setting of the developer, the global intermediaries, the bug/disease and the competitor. Actors and elements across these five settings define what a good diagnostic is, yet their needs might conflict or change and they are difficult to access. Aligning diagnostics to the POC requires continuous needs assessment throughout development and implementation phases as well as substantive, ongoing investment in relationships with users. The flexibility required for such continuous realigning and iteration clashes with established evaluation procedures and business models in global health and risks favouring certain products over others. The paper concludes with suggestions to strengthen this alignment work and applies this framework to research needs in the wake of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Special issue on fluorine-19 magnetic resonance: technical solutions, research promises and frontier applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sonia Waiczies ◽  
Mangala Srinivas ◽  
Ulrich Flögel ◽  
Philipp Boehm-Sturm ◽  
Thoralf Niendorf
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Technical Solutions

Future options in landscape ecology: development and research

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuzhen Li ◽  
Ülo Mander
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Landscape Development ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field

The aim of this brief overview is to highlight some new and promising research fields in landscape ecology, which is essentially an interdisciplinary field of study. We also analyse the development of some classical branches of landscape ecology regarding pattern and process relationships at broad spatial and temporal scales, such as landscape metrics, the influence of anthropogenic factors and global climate change on landscape development, the fragmentation of ecosystems and disturbances of populations, and material and energy cycling in and between ecosystems.

Strategies for Restoring River Ecosystems: Sources of Variability and Uncertainty in Natural and Managed Systems

2003 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Uses ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Human Actions ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity ◽  
River Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Societal Needs ◽  
Hydrologic Regimes ◽  
Restoration Strategies ◽  
Landscape Scales

<em>Abstract</em>.—River ecosystem integrity is evaluated within a variety of landscape scales. We examine influences of variations in natural processes and human actions on river ecosystems and propose a concept for restoring impaired systems. The ecological structure and function of rivers vary across a hierarchy of landscape scales with different spatial and temporal dimensions. The major linkages within river systems include exchange of water and materials along longitudinal connections from streams to rivers, lateral connections between river and floodplain systems, and vertical surface and subsurface (hyporheic) water exchanges. Strong longitudinal linkages dominate confined river reaches while unconfined floodplain reaches show strong affinities for lateral and vertical exchange. A landscape concept, “the shifting habitat mosaic” (SHM), provides a framework for understanding how these interactions create and maintain the physical and ecological diversity of habitats, biotic communities, and ecosystem integrity. While each river system has unique physical and ecological characteristics, many human actions and ecological effects can be expressed within the SHM concept. For example, societal needs for power generation, transportation, water management, and land uses (e.g., urban and agricultural) often alter natural processes of hydrologic regimes and material transport and deposition. These factors affect interactions between the river channel and the surrounding river–riparian corridor. Restoration strategies can apply the SHM concept by focusing on restoring normative variations to processes (e.g., hydrologic regimes) that contribute to ecosystem integrity. Management practices (e.g., dam hydrologic regimes, flood control facilities, levees, land uses) can be modified to restore natural physical and ecological processes (e.g., thermal regimes, water exchange, and animal migrations).

scholarly journals Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Synchronous Machines ◽  
Permanent Magnet Machines ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Brushless Dc Motors ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Wide Range

Interest in permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) is continuously increasing worldwide, especially with the increased use of renewable energy and electrification of transports. This special issue contains the successful invited submissions of fifteen papers to a Special Issue of Energies on the subject area of “Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines”. The focus is on permanent magnet synchronous machines and the electrical systems they are connected to. The presented work represents a wide range of areas. Studies of control systems, both for permanent magnet synchronous machines and for brushless DC motors, are presented and experimentally verified. Design studies of generators for wind power, wave power and hydro power are presented. Finite element method simulations and analytical design methods are used. The presented studies represent several of the different research fields on permanent magnet machines and electric drives.

scholarly journals The Embeddedness of Social Sciences and Economics in Research on Resources

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Juan Uribe-Toril ◽  
José Luis Ruiz-Real ◽  
Jaime de Pablo Valenciano
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Local Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Continuous Review ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Knowledge Area

Sustainability, local development, and ecology are keywords that cover a wide range of research fields in both experimental and social sciences. The transversal nature of this knowledge area creates synergies but also divergences, making a continuous review of the existing literature necessary in order to facilitate research. There has been an increasing number of articles that have analyzed trends in the literature and the state-of-the-art in many subjects. In this Special Issue of Resources, the most prestigious researchers analyzed the past and future of Social Sciences in Resources from an economic, social, and environmental perspective.

scholarly journals Application and Autonomy: The Reach and Span of Contemporary Art Didactics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boel Christensen-Scheel
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Societal Needs ◽  
Specific Teaching

Aesthetics, as both a variety of practices and a field of research, has now begun a journey toward society and more applied thinking – that is, how can art, art thinking, and different forms of sensuousness interact with or interfere in societal contexts. In this special issue of InFormation we explore the frame of a possible contemporary art didactics, where knowledge production and dispersion in and through art and aesthetics are promoted. Here the qualities of responding to societal needs and challenges are negotiated with the particular qualities of art. The field of didactics is often tied to specific teaching methods, but can also be seen as a more general theory of learning. With the term ‘contemporary art didactics’, we want to propose a relational field of communication and interaction based on aesthetic activity and competence. In addition, we seek to emphasize the contemporary quality and engagement of this activity and competence. In this first article by the editor of the issue, some of the related discussions on application, autonomy and criticality are presented alongside a proposition to formulate certain specific art based qualities.

scholarly journals Review and prospection for food and agricultural business model innovations in emerging economies

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-666
Author(s):  
Fu-Sheng Tsai ◽  
Cheng-Hung Tsai ◽  
Chi-Wei Liu ◽  
Chia-Hsun Lin ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
Interactive Dynamic

Even for industries that are traditionally being perceived as ‘traditional,’ such as the food and agriculture ones, business models and its innovations are critical for the industries’ sustainable development. Nine interesting articles in this special issue are reviewed with sincere prospections that might push the research and practical frontiers further. Suggestions in cross-level investigations, international and diverse contexts and research practices, as well as the interactive, dynamic, and evolutionary intersections between the technological and managerial sub-systems of food and agribusiness model innovations are discussed.

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