Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) in Broadcast rice (Oryza sativa L.) Management to Maintain Yield, Conserve Water, and Reduce Gas Emissions in Thailand

Climate changes impose adoption of water-saving techniques to improve the sustainability of irrigated rice systems. This study was aimed, by a two-years side-by-side comparison, at verifying the hypothesis whether “Alternate Wetting and Drying” (AWD) affects the concentrations of health-related compounds and minerals in brown grains of three japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cvs (‘Baldo’, ‘Gladio’, and ‘Loto’) usually grown in temperate areas in continuous flooding (CF). Due to the rotational turns in water distribution imposed by local authorities and to the weather behavior, different AWD timing and severity occurred in the two years of the study. AWD induced in both seasons yield losses in ‘Baldo’ and ‘Gladio’ but not in ‘Loto’. In the brown grains of ‘Loto’, AWD increased the concentrations of total tocols, γ-oryzanol, flavonoids, and the antioxidant activity. AWD affected the concentrations of minerals, particularly increasing copper, cadmium and nickel, and decreasing manganese, arsenic and zinc. In the sensitive cultivars, ‘Baldo’ and ‘Gladio’, AWD seems to affect plant yield, rather than for severity of the dry period, for prolonged absence of ponded water that exposes plants to cooler temperatures. The selection of suitable cultivars, like ‘Loto’, tolerant to AWD-related stresses, could combine environmental, yield-related, and nutritional benefits improving the product quality.

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Potential of biofertilizers from selected Rhodopseudomonas palustris strains to assist rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. indica) growth under salt stress and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

Annals of Microbiology ◽

10.1007/s13213-015-1049-6 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 2109-2118 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Thanawan Kantha ◽

Duangporn Kantachote ◽

Nikkajit Klongdee

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Rhodopseudomonas Palustris ◽

Gas Emissions

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Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation in Direct Seeded Rice: A Review

Agricultural Reviews ◽

10.18805/ag.r-2043 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. Porpavai ◽

D. Yogeswari

Keyword(s):

Fresh Water ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Rice Production ◽

Attractive Alternative ◽

Wetting And Drying ◽

Alternate Wetting And Drying ◽

Conservation Technology ◽

Direct Seeded

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is on important cereal food for more than half of the global population. Rice is a major user of fresh water accounting for approximately 50 percent of the total diverted fresh water in Asia. Due to water scarcity and huge hike in labour wage rates, direct seeded rice offers an attractive alternative for future rice production. Thus there is a need to explore alternate techniques that can sustain rice production and are resource conservative. Direct sowing of rice refers to the process of establishing a rice crop from seeds sown in the field rather than transplanting seedlings from the nursery. Direct seeded rice provides an opportunity for earlier crop establishment to make better use of early season rainfall and to increase cropping area. Effect of AWD on direct seeded rice is presented in this review paper. Direct seeded rice is a resource conservation technology as it uses less water with high efficiency, incurs low labour expenses and is conducive to mechanization. Alternate wetting and drying irrigation increased water use efficiency and water productivity of rice.

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