scholarly journals Effect of Relative Compaction on Water Absorption and Gypsum Dissolution in Gypsum-Rich Clayey CBR Samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-604
Author(s):  
Sabah S. Razouki ◽  
Dina K. Kuttah
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Gypsum Dissolution ◽  
Gypsum Content ◽  
Relative Compaction

Abstract A clayey gypsiferous soil of CL group according to the Unified Soil Classification System was studied for the effect of relative compaction on water absorption and gypsum dissolution during long-term soaking. The soil has a gypsum content of about 33%. Two sets of soil samples were prepared at optimum moisture content of 11.75% of the modified Proctor compaction test. The first set received 100%, while the second received about 93.5% relative compaction with respect to modified Proctor. These samples were soaked for 4, 7, 15, 30, and 120 days under 40 lbs (178 N) surcharge load. The moisture content was determined at top, quarter points, midpoint, and bottom of each soil sample. The test results revealed that for each compaction effort, the moisture content along each soaked soil sample is not uniform and increased with increasing soaking period. This increase in moisture content is greater for soil samples compacted at the lower compaction effort. The moisture content at top of each soil sample is greater than at the bottom, and the least moisture content took place at the middle of the sample. The dissolution of gypsum, at the top of soil samples, was greater than that at the middle. A multiple regression equation was developed relating strongly the decrease in gypsum content along the clayey CBR samples, with compaction effort and increase in average moisture content along the samples due to soaking. Similarly, strong correlation was obtained from the multiple regression developed between absorbed water, soaking period, and compaction effort. The paper shows that the water absorption and gypsum dissolution decrease with increasing relative compaction as the soil becomes denser.

Evaluation of Lime Treated Oil Contaminated Soils for Use in Waste Containment Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Thomas Stephen Ijimdiya
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Optimum Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Liner Material ◽  
British Standard ◽  
Waste Containment ◽  
Relative Compaction ◽  
Waste Containment Systems

This paper presents the results of an evaluation of lime treated oil contaminated soil for use in waste containment systems. Soil samples were treated with up 6 % lime contents. Specimens were prepared at optimum moisture content and compacted using British Standard Light (BSL) or Standard Proctor (relative compaction = 100%) to evaluate its effectiveness when used in waste containment applications. The hydraulic conductivity values increased with higher lime contents but were less than 1 x 10-9 m/s required for a liner material.

Water Absorption in Caroá-Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite at Different Temperatures: A Theoretical Investigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 16-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Silva ◽  
A.G. Barbosa de Lima ◽  
E. Gomes da Silva ◽  
T.H.F. de Andrade ◽  
R.Q. da Costa Melo
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Ansys Cfx ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Uptake Studies

Water uptake studies of composite materials reinforced with vegetable fibers shows that they are highly sensitive to environmental influences such as water and temperature. The presence of moisture leads to impregnation and imperfect interfacial fiber-matrix adhesion, which generate internal stresses porosity and premature system failure. Accordingly, the aim of this work is to study theoretically water absorption in unsaturated polyester composites reinforced with caroá fiber (Neoglaziovia Variegata) at 25, 50 and 70°C by using a transient 3D mathematical model via ANSYS CFX® Software. The samples has composition 30% caroá fiber/70% unsaturated polyester resin and dimensions 6 x 20 x 20 mm3. Results of the average moisture content and moisture content distribution during the water uptake are presented and analyzed. Comparison between numerical and experimental data of the average moisture content showed good agreement. It can be concluded that the water absorption rate is faster in the vertex region of the composites, and mainly at higher temperature.

scholarly journals Appraisal of Bearing Capacity and Modulus of Subgrade Reaction of Refilled Soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2120-2130
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Arshid ◽  
M. A. Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Subgrade Reaction ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
Modulus Of Subgrade Reaction ◽  
Relative Compaction ◽  
Allowable Bearing Capacity

Soil is remoulded, replaced, or improved in place to meet the required engineering properties. Relative compaction is the measure of the resulting engineering improvement. But design engineers need the allowable bearing capacity while the modulus of subgrade reaction is the primary input of modern foundation design software. The current research appraised a correlation between Relative Compaction ( ), Moisture Content ( ), and allowable bearing capacity ( ) and another correlation between , RC, MC, and modulus of subgrade reaction ( ). The test samples were extracted from each trial of the standard proctor test using purpose-built extraction tubes. Allowable bearing capacity has been determined by performing unconfined compression tests on the extracted tubes. The relationships have been established employing statistical analysis. It was noticed that soil samples at the lower moisture content (6-9%) show brittle failure before reaching the allowable strain. The soil samples having a moisture content of 10-14% exhibited shear failure, nearly simultaneous to the allowable strain. The soil samples having higher moisture content undergone a strain of 15% without showing the shear failure. A simple equation has also been appraised to determined Ks involving the three-input variable, i.e., , , and . Moderate correlations have been found to exist between the studied parameters, owing to some other variables' influence. Recommendations for future studies have been drawn to quantify the effect of identified parameters. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091606 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals A method to impregnate wet soil samples, producing high-quality thin sections.

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Miedema ◽  
T. Pape ◽  
G.J. Van de Waal
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Thin Section ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Saturated Sample ◽  
Mineral Soils

[120.031]Mineral soils with different moisture content and texture were impregnated successfully by the method described. The water present in the soil sample is replaced by acetone and the acetone-saturated sample is impregnated by FitzPatrick's method (1970) (using acetone as thinner of the polyester resin Synolith 544). Shrinkage is minimal and the thin sections are of high quality. It should be possible to correlate thin section data obtained by this method with physical data obtained from undisturbed material. Micromorphologically, a better understanding of the plasmic fabrics should be possible. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Water Absorption in Composites Reinforced with Caroá Fiber Fabrics: Modeling and Simulation via ANSYS CFX®

2014 ◽  
Vol 353 ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Silva ◽  
T.H.F. de Andrade ◽  
E.G. Silva ◽  
Antônio Gilson Barbosa de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced

Studies in polymer composites reinforced with vegetable fiber show that they are enough sensitive to influences from environmental agents such as water and temperature. The moisture causes degradation of the mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced composites to a large extent when compared to synthetic fiber reinforced composites. This is a consequence of the higher moisture absorption, and the hydrofilic nature of the natural fiber. In this sense, the purpose of this work is to study theoretically the water absorption in unsaturated polyester composites reinforced with caroá natural fiber (Neoglazioviavariegata) at the temperature 50°C. The composite had a weight composition of 30% caroá and 70% unsaturated polyester resin and dimensions of 20× 20× 3 mm3. Results of the average moisture content and moisture content distribution during the absorption process are presented and analyzed. Comparison between numerical and experimental data of the average moisture content presented good agreement. We conclude that the water absorption rate is faster in the vertex region of the composites.

KEBERADAAN BAKTERI PELARUT FOSFAT DAN AKTIVITAS ENZIM FOSFATASE TANAH DAERAH PERAKARAN TANAMAN OBAT DARI KEBUN RAYA CIBODAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suliasih Suliasih
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Serratia Rubidaea

A study was undertaken to investigate to occurance of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from rhizosphere soil samples of medicine plants in Cibodas Botanical Garden. 13 soil samples of medicine plants are collected randomly The result shows that 71 isolates of phosphate solubilizing bacteria were isolated, and 10 species of these organism was identified as Azotobacter sp, Bacillus sp, Chromobacterium sp, C.violaceum, Citrobacter sp. , Enterobacter sp., E. liquefaciens. Nitrosomonas sp., Serratia rubidaea, Sphaerotillus natans. Azotobacter sp. And Bacillus sp. Are found in all of soil tested. Conversely, Serratia rubidaea is only in the sample from rhizosphere of Plantago mayor The activity of acid alkaline phosphatase in soil tested ranged from 0.78 – 60,18 ugp nitrophenole/g/h, with the higest values being recorded in soil sample from rhizosphere of “Lavender”.Keywords : phosphate solubilizing bacteria, soil enzyme phosphatase

Evaluation of Nanotechniques and Conventional Techniques for the Removal of Dioxins

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Vaishali V. Shahare ◽  
Rajni Grover ◽  
Suman Meena
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sample ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dioxins And Furans ◽  
Palladized Iron ◽  
The Impact

Background: The persistent dioxins/furans has caused a worldwide concern as they influence the human health. Recent research indicates that nonmaterial may prove effective in the degradation of Dioxins/furans. The nanomaterials are very reactive owing to their large surface area to volume ratio and large number of reactive sites. However, nanotechnology applications face both the challenges and the opportunities to influence the area of environmental protection. Objective: i) To study the impact of oil mediated UV-irradiations on the removal of 2,3,7,8-TCDD, 2,3,7,8-TCDF, OCDD and OCDF in simulated soil samples. ii) To compare the conventional treatment methods with the modern available nanotechniques for the removal of selected Dioxins/furans from soil samples. Methods: The present work has investigated an opportunity of the degradation of tetra and octachlorinated dioxins and furans by using oil mediated UV radiations with subsequent extraction of respective dioxins/furans from soils. The results have been compared with the available nanotechniques. Results: The dioxin congeners in the simulated soil sample showed decrease in concentration with the increase in the exposure time and intensity of UV radiations. The dechlorination of PCDD/Fs using palladized iron has been found to be effective. Conclusion: Both the conventional methods and nanotechnology have a dramatic impact on the removal of Dioxins/furans in contaminated soil. However, the nanotechniques are comparatively costlier and despite the relatively high rates of PCDDs dechlorination by Pd/nFe, small fraction of the dioxins are recalcitrant to degradation over considerable exposure times.

Assessment of Irrigation Quality of Disposal Water of Ashuganj-Polash Agro-Irrigation Project, Brahmanbaria Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDUR RAZZAK ◽  
PARSA SANJANA ◽  
BELAL HOSSAIN ◽  
DEBJIT ROY ◽  
BIDHAN CHANDRA NATH
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sample ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Initial Soil

The study was conducted at Ashuganj-Polash agro-irrigation project (APAIP), Brahmanbaria,aim to determine the chemical properties of power plant disposal water and to assess its suitability for irrigation. Initial soil samples (before irrigating crop field) and final soil samples (after crop harvesting) were collected. During irrigation ten water samples (six from crop field and four from irrigation canals) were collected for analysis. All soil samples were analyzed in Humboldt soil testing laboratory and water samples in bio-chemistry laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University and compared to FAO irrigation standard. Results show thatthe sodium absorption ratio (SAR) (0.53 to 0.88), residual sodium bi-carbonate (0.8 to 1.3meq L-1), Kelly’s ratio (0.31 to 0.6) and total hardness (85 to 150) found in normal range and largely suitable for irrigation. Soluble sodium percentage values found in satisfactory (20.26 to 41.1) level and magnesium absorption (57.1 to 76.4) found unsuitable for irrigation. Statistically similar value of pH, EC, total nitrogen, organic carbon, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in initial and final soil sample were observed. But potassium and sulfur value reduced in final soil sample from initial soil. The water samples fall within the permissible limit and found suitable for crop production

scholarly journals Factorial design study of total petroleum contaminated soil treatment using land farming technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehizonomhen S. Okonofua ◽  
Kayode H. Lasisi ◽  
Eguakhide Atikpo
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Optimum Point ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Substrate Moisture ◽  
Land Farming

AbstractLand farming technique was used to treat hydrocarbon contaminated soil collected from a crude oil spill sites in Edo State, Nigeria. Calibrated standard auger was used to collect soil samples from the site at depth below 30 cm. The samples were characterized and classified. Cow dung and NPK fertilizer were added as additives to complement the nutriments of the soil samples before total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) quantification and remediation procedures. Factorial design was applied to vary the input parameters such as pH, mass of substrate, moisture content and turning times of land farming so to ascertain the optimal conditions for the procedure. The result revealed that the in-situ TPH value was 5000 mg kg− 1 on the average and after 90 d of treatment, TPH reduced to 646 mg kg− 1. The turning rate, pH, moisture content and mass of substrate hade 83, 4.36, 0.48 and 0.046% contribution, respectively, for the degradation process using land farming treatment. Numerical optimization techniques applied in the optimum point for land farming input parameters to achieve predicted maximum removal of 99% were evaluated as pH, mass of substrate, moisture content and turning rate to be 6.01, 1 kg, 10% and 5 times in a week, respectively. TPH removed at this optimum point was 98% reducing from 5000 to 636 mg kg− 1. The high coefficient of determination (r2 = 0.9865) as observed in the closeness of predicted and experimental values reflects the reliability of the model and hence, land farming practice with close attention on turning rate as revealed by this study, is recommended for TPH contaminated soil remediation.

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