scholarly journals Effect of interaction between cementite and pearlite on two-body abrasive wear behaviors in white cast iron

Friction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baochao Zheng ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Xiaohui Tu ◽  
Jiandong Xing ◽  
Suocheng Song
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Wear Process ◽  
Cr Content ◽  
Contact Loads

AbstractThe wear interaction of cementite and pearlite in the white cast iron (WCI) was investigated using the two-body abrasive wear test under contact loads of 20, 35, and 50 N. The wear behavior, wear surface morphology, sub-surface structure, and wear resistance were evaluated using X-ray diffraction, microhardness testing, and nano-indentation. The results indicated that when the Cr content was increased from 0 to 4 wt%, there was a significant increase in the microhardness (H) and elasticity modulus (E) of the cementite. This yielded a 15.91%- and 23.6%-reduction in the degree of wear resistance and surface roughness, respectively. Moreover, no spalling and breaking of cementite was observed with increasing Cr content during the wear process, indicating improved wear resistance of the bulk cementite. In addition, the hard phase (cementite) and tough matrix (pearlite) composite structure exhibited a good protective and supporting effect. Thus, it was concluded that the interaction mechanism of the wear phase contributed to the reduction of the wear weight loss of the composite during the wear process. The contribution of the interaction between the hard wear-resistant phase and the tough phase in WCI to the wear resistance decreased with increasing hardness of the pearlite matrix.

Dry Sliding Wear of As-Cast and Thermomechanically Processed Low Chromium White Cast Iron

2013 ◽  
Vol 797 ◽  
pp. 725-730
Author(s):  
Xing Jian Gao ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Dong Bin Wei ◽  
Si Hai Jiao ◽  
Zheng Yi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Thermomechanical Treatment ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Wear Process

This investigation attempts to improve the wear resistance of low chromium white cast iron (LCCI) by thermomechanical treatment. The thermomechanical treatment of the brittle LCCI with crack-free was successfully carried out by bonding it with a ductile low carbon steel firstly. Afterwards the dry sliding wear behavior of as-cast (LCCI-A) and thermomechanically processed (LCCI-B) samples was studied using a pin-on-disc apparatus under different test conditions. The microstructural examination shows that the refined supercooled austenite and plenty of secondary carbides in LCCI-B replaced the original microstructure of martensite and retained austenite with network carbide in LCCI-A. This significant evolution is beneficial to form and stabilise the oxide layer on the substrate, which makes the oxidational wear rather than abrasive wear or delamination dominating the wear process so that the improvement of the wear resistance of LCCI was achieved by hot working.

Analysis of the Structure and Abrasive Wear Resistance of White Cast Iron with Precipitates of Carbides

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 973-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kopyciński ◽  
M. Kawalec ◽  
A. Szczęsny ◽  
R. Gilewski ◽  
S. Piasny
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear Resistance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Metallographic Analysis ◽  
Abrasive Hardness ◽  
Resistance Tests

Abstract The resistance of castings to abrasive wear depends on the cast iron abrasive hardness ratio. It has been anticipated that the white cast iron structure will be changed by changing the type of metal matrix and the type of carbides present in this matrix, which will greatly expand the application area of castings under the harsh operating conditions of abrasive wear. Detailed metallographic analysis was carried out to see the structure obtained in selected types of white cast iron, i.e. with additions of chromium and vanadium. The study compares the results of abrasive wear resistance tests performed on the examined types of cast iron.

Effect of the Morphology, Size, Distribution and Homogeneity of Carbides and Matrix on Wear Resistance in High Cr-Alloys White Cast Iron

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Carlos Camurri ◽  
Jasmín Maril ◽  
Eric Romero
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Loss Of Mass ◽  
Ultimate Purpose ◽  
Wear Tests

The aim of this work was to study the wear behavior of high-chromium white cast iron of families ASTM A-532 II (B, D) and III A, used in mining equipment, in order to establish relationships between the wear resistance, hardness and microstructure of the alloys, with the ultimate purpose of predicting their resistance to abrasion. Samples from these cast irons were subjected to mechanical wear tests by rotating drum, then their micro/macro hardness was measured and microstructure analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy .It was found that when the macroscopic hardness differences were significant there was a strong correlation between the hardness and the loss of mass due to abrasion-impact wear. By contrast, when the alloys had similar hardness, the wear resistance was determined by morphology, size, and the distribution and connectivity of carbides and matrix and therefore was not predictable by an only simple hardness test.

Investigation of thermochemical boriding effect on wear behavior of a GGG 50 quality as-cast ductile iron

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harun Mindivan
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Cast Ductile Iron

Purpose This study aims to investigate the microstructure and the abrasive wear features of the untreated and pack borided GGG 50 quality ductile iron under various working temperatures. Design/methodology/approach GGG 50 quality as-cast ductile iron samples were pack borided in Ekabor II powder at 900°C for 3 h, followed by furnace cooling. Structural characterization was made by optical microscopy. Mechanical characterization was made by hardness and pin-on-disc wear test. Pin-on-disc test was conducted on a 240-mesh Al2O3 abrasive paper at various temperatures in between 25 and 450°C. Findings Room temperature abrasive wear resistance of the borided ductile iron increased with an increase in its surface hardness. High-temperature abrasive wear resistances of the borided ductile iron linearly decreased with an increase in test temperature. However, the untreated ductile iron exhibited relatively high resistance to abrasion at a temperature of 150°C. Originality/value This study can be a practical reference and offers insight into the effects of boriding process on the increase of room temperature wear resistance. However, above 150°C, the untreated ductile iron exhibited similar abrasive wear performance as compared to the borided ductile iron.

scholarly journals Microstructural evolution during austempering of a ASTM A-532 CLASS III type high chromium white cast iron undergoing abrasive wear

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (46) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Fabián Higuera-Cobos ◽  
Jeison Bucurú-Vasco ◽  
Andrés Felipe Loaiza-Patiño ◽  
Mónica Johanna Monsalve-Arias ◽  
Dairo Hernán Mesa-Grajales
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear Resistance ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
High Chromium

This paper studies the influence of variables such as holding temperatures and times during austempering of High Chromium White Cast Iron (HCWCI), with the following chemical composition: Cr 25 %, C 3 %, Si 0.47 %, Mn 0.74 % and Mo 1.02 %. The aim of the austempering was to modify the percentage of retained austenite and its correlation to abrasive wear resistance under different conditions.Microhardness tests, SEM-EDS and XRD were performed to determine mechanical properties, chemical composition, and type of carbides and microstructures present, respectively. The tests complied with the ASTM G-65 standard. Results showed that the best performance against abrasion was achieved for austempering at 450 ºC with holding time of 6 hours.

scholarly journals Effect of Carbon Content on Heat Treatment Behavior of Multi-Alloyed White Cast Iron for Abrasive Wear Resistance

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 720-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatupon Opapaiboon ◽  
Prasonk Sricharoenchai ◽  
Sudsakorn Inthidech ◽  
Yasuhiro Matsubara
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear Resistance

scholarly journals The Abrasive Wear Resistance of Chromium Cast Iron

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kopyciński ◽  
S. Piasny ◽  
M. Kawalec ◽  
A. Madizhanova
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Wear Resistance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Chromium Cast Iron ◽  
Abrasive Hardness

Abstract The resistance of cast iron to abrasive wear depends on the metal abrasive hardness ratio. For example, hardness of the structural constituents of the cast iron metal matrix is lower than the hardness of ordinary silica sand. Also cementite, the basic component of unalloyed white cast iron, has hardness lower than the hardness of silica. Some resistance to the abrasive effect of the aforementioned silica sand can provide the chromium white cast iron containing in its structure a large amount of (Cr, Fe)7C3 carbides characterised by hardness higher than the hardness of the silica sand in question. In the present study, it has been anticipated that the white cast iron structure will be changed by changing the type of metal matrix and the type of carbides present in this matrix, which will greatly expand the application area of castings under the harsh operating conditions of abrasive wear. Moreover, the study compares the results of abrasive wear resistance tests performed on the examined types of cast iron. Tests of abrasive wear resistance were carried out on a Miller machine. Samples of standard dimensions were exposed to abrasion in a double to-and-fro movement, sliding against the bottom of a trough filled with an aqueous abrasive mixture containing SiC + distilled water. The obtained results of changes in the sample weight were approximated with a power curve and shown further in the study.

Microstructure and Property of the New Type White Cast Iron

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Liang Zhou ◽  
Xiao Zhen Hua ◽  
Jian Yun Zhang ◽  
Yong Jin Tang ◽  
Qing Jun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Cr Content ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
New Type ◽  
Si Content ◽  
The Impact

The influences of the different Si (0.723%~4.5%) and Cr (2.0%~8.0%) contents on the microstructures and properties of Cr-Si-Mn white cast iron were investigated. It is shown that with increasing of amounts of Si and Cr elements, carbide undergoes an evident change in the morphology from the continuous net to isolated stripe and becomes clearly finer, even forms chrysanthemum-like microstructure which is usually found in high Cr white cast iron. Additionally, the amounts of the carbides increase too. The XRD analysis shows that the carbides are a mixture of Fe3C and Fe7C3 phases. Furthermore, the hardness of carbide and matrix is also found to progressively increase with increasing of amounts of Si and Cr elements. The hardness of the matrix in as-cast white cast iron is over HV400, suggesting that the matrix consists of martensite and bainite phases. The impact toughness of the samples declines evidently when Si content excesses 3.0wt%. It is also revealed that the bainite matrix in the Si-Cr white cast iron has a higher impact abrasive wear resistance than others, which is almost not dependent upon heating temperature and cooling rate. When Cr content approaches 5wt%, the impact wear resistance of the new cast iron is comparable to that of the traditional high Cr cast iron.

Effect of the simultaneous Ti and W addition on the microstructure and wear behavior of a high chromium white cast iron

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (6) ◽  
pp. 602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Vapeani Guerra ◽  
Arnoldo Bedolla-Jacuinde ◽  
Jorge Zuno-Silva ◽  
Ignacio Mejia ◽  
Edgar Cardoso-Legorreta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Abrasive Wear Resistance ◽  
Carbide Formation ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Bulk Hardness ◽  
Primary Carbides

The present work analyzes the effect of 0.7%Ti and 1.7%W addition to a 17% chromium white iron in as-cast condition and after destabilization heat treatment. These alloys are commonly used in applications where a high abrasive wear resistance is required. For this reason, in addition to the characterization, a complementary wear test was performed. The alloys were characterized by optical and electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The simultaneous Ti and W addition promoted the (Ti,W)C primary carbides formation which grow in the early stages of solidification. These carbides were found well distributed in the iron matrix with an average hardness value of 2450 HV. Moreover, tungsten was found partially distributed in the different phases increasing the microhardness by solid solution and refining the eutectic carbide. These microstructural modifications resulted in the increase of the bulk hardness and abrasive wear resistance of the alloyed iron. After destabilization heat treatment, the carbide precipitation and the matrix transformation produced a secondary hardening reducing the wear losses. Based in the results of the present study, the simultaneous addition of these elements to promote the (Ti,W)C carbide formation during solidification represents an effective method to increase the hardness and wear resistance of these kind of alloys via small additions.

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