The Relations between Life History Strategy and Dark Personality Traits among Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam C. Davis ◽  
Beth A. Visser ◽  
Anthony A. Volk ◽  
Tracy Vaillancourt ◽  
Steven Arnocky
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Life History ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Life History Strategy

Aspects of spatial and temporal cooccurrence in the life history stages of the sibling hakes, Urophycis chuss (Walbaum 1792) and Urophycis tenuis (Mitchill 1815) (Pisces: Gadidae)

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 2057-2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas F. Markle ◽  
David A. Methven ◽  
Linda J. Coates-Markle
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Life History ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Life History Stage ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
Delayed Maturation ◽  
The Right

The amount of coexistence in the sympatric sibling species, Urophycis chuss and U. tenuis, appears to be a function of ontogeny, with each life history stage showing different probabilities of interspecific encounters. Demersal juveniles coexist the least since U. chuss is inquiline with scallops and U. tenuis is in nearshore shallows. In U. tenuis there is also intraspecific segregation, with older juveniles and young adults bathymetrically segregated from the youngest demersal juveniles in summer.Relatively more coexistence is seen between neustonic juveniles. However, they show some seasonal and pronounced diel differences in availability to neuston nets (U. chuss predominates during the day and U. tenuis during night). The greatest coexistence is seen between adult U. chuss and adolescent to adult U. tenuis.Over its life, U. tenuis tends to move into deeper water while U. chuss is relatively stenotopic, its distribution largely a reaction to temperature. The life history strategy of U. tenuis is "get big quick," a goal achieved, in part, through delayed maturation (relative to U. chuss). The strategy of U. chuss seems to be avoid predation, concentrate growth in the juvenile stage, and "get mature quick." We speculate that both species' life histories may be subordinate to getting the demersal juveniles into the right nursery area at the right time.

scholarly journals Time Wasters?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Hughes ◽  
Joanna Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Functional Forms ◽  
Negative Predictor

Abstract. The Dark Triad personality traits have previously been linked with dysfunctional types of procrastination (i.e., delaying certain tasks). From an evolutionary perspective, procrastination is recognized for facilitating a fast life history strategy. The present study investigated links between active and passive procrastination and the extended Dark Tetrad personality traits (psychopathy, Machiavellianism, narcissism, sadism). Participants ( N = 357) were invited via Prolific data collection platform and Survey Circle research sites to participate in an online survey exploring personality and procrastination. Path analyses revealed that all Dark Tetrad traits positively predicted several aspects of active procrastination only. Narcissism emerged as the only negative predictor of passive procrastination. Rather than linking these traits with dysfunctional procrastination types only, our results highlight the importance of considering the Dark Tetrad about functional forms of procrastination, which may be more beneficial for facilitating a fast life history strategy.

The Mediating Role of the Dark Triad Between Life History Strategy and Perceived Stress Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béla Birkás ◽  
Gabriella Pátkai ◽  
Árpád Csathó
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Life Strategies ◽  
Mediation Effects

Life History Theory posits early-life adversities affect personality development partway through sensitizing individuals to certain environmental cues, thus influencing the person’s responses to different stressors. We therefore hypothesized that life history strategy affects perceived distress and self-efficiency in coping through certain personality traits. The concept of the Dark Triad describes specific forms of personalities found to be associated with faster life strategies and perceived stress. Hence, the aim of our study was to examine the possible mediator role of the Dark Triad traits on the relationship between life strategies and perceived stress. A sample of 432 (133 males) under- and postgraduate students (aged between 18 and 34 years, M= 23.4, SD = 3.9) answered the Short-Form of the Arizona Life History Battery, the Mini-K, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Short Dark Triad. Multiple linear regression and subsequent mediation analyses showed significant mediation effects of Dark Triad traits on both perceived distress and perceived coping. Our results indicate that these personality traits are part of the process in which faster life strategies predict higher level of perceived stress and lower levels of coping ability.

The Relationship Between Narcissism and Personality Traits of the Five-Factor-Model in Adolescents and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Allroggen ◽  
Peter Rehmann ◽  
Eva Schürch ◽  
Carolyn C. Morf ◽  
Michael Kölch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Grandiose Narcissism ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract.Narcissism is seen as a multidimensional construct that consists of two manifestations: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. In order to define these two manifestations, their relationship to personality factors has increasingly become of interest. However, so far no studies have considered the relationship between different phenotypes of narcissism and personality factors in adolescents. Method: In a cross-sectional study, we examine a group of adolescents (n = 98; average age 16.77 years; 23.5 % female) with regard to the relationship between Big Five personality factors and pathological narcissism using self-report instruments. This group is compared to a group of young adults (n = 38; average age 19.69 years; 25.6 % female). Results: Grandiose narcissism is primarily related to low Agreeableness and Extraversion, vulnerable narcissism to Neuroticism. We do not find differences between adolescents and young adults concerning the relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism and personality traits. Discussion: Vulnerable and grandiose narcissism can be well differentiated in adolescents, and the pattern does not show substantial differences compared to young adults.

The biogeography of human diversity in life history strategy.

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelio José Figueredo ◽  
Steven C. Hertler ◽  
Mateo Peñaherrera-Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Human Diversity

Experimentally increased costs of parental care are shunted to offspring in species with extended care

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen F. Wagner ◽  
Emeline Mourocq ◽  
Michael Griesser
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Trade Offs

Biparental care systems are a valuable model to examine conflict, cooperation, and coordination between unrelated individuals, as the product of the interactions between the parents influences the fitness of both individuals. A common experimental technique for testing coordinated responses to changes in the costs of parental care is to temporarily handicap one parent, inducing a higher cost of providing care. However, dissimilarity in experimental designs of these studies has hindered interspecific comparisons of the patterns of cost distribution between parents and offspring. Here we apply a comparative experimental approach by handicapping a parent at nests of five bird species using the same experimental treatment. In some species, a decrease in care by a handicapped parent was compensated by its partner, while in others the increased costs of care were shunted to the offspring. Parental responses to an increased cost of care primarily depended on the total duration of care that offspring require. However, life history pace (i.e., adult survival and fecundity) did not influence parental decisions when faced with a higher cost of caring. Our study highlights that a greater attention to intergenerational trade-offs is warranted, particularly in species with a large burden of parental care. Moreover, we demonstrate that parental care decisions may be weighed more against physiological workload constraints than against future prospects of reproduction, supporting evidence that avian species may devote comparable amounts of energy into survival, regardless of life history strategy.

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