Endogenization of social progress as a source of economic growth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy Heyets
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Progress

The Role of Entrepreneurial Performance in Supporting Economic Development of Countries: An Empirical Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Diana Rusu ◽  
Angela Roman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Entrepreneurial Performance ◽  
Panel Data Estimation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
National Competitiveness ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Future Economic Development

Abstract Entrepreneurship is recognized as one of the factors stimulating economic growth and increasing economic competitiveness. In addition, the Europe 2020 Strategy has focused its attention on entrepreneurship as a key factor of economic growth, social progress, and employment. In this context, our study examines the role of entrepreneurial performance for sustaining the development of countries, focusing on a sample of European countries. We attempt to reveal if increasing entrepreneurial performance would have significant influence on improving the economic position of countries and their future economic development. Starting from the OECD-Eurostat Entrepreneurship Indicators Programme we use a set of entrepreneurial performance indicators as independent variables and examine to what extent they can influence competitiveness and economic growth, seen as dependent variables of the models. We focus on a period of 10 years (2008–2017) and we apply panel-data estimation techniques. Because the period considered includes the period of the last international financial crisis, we also include in our analysis a dummy variable. Our results emphasize that the changes in entrepreneurial performance play a significant role in enhancing national competitiveness and economic growth. Our findings contribute to the expansion of literature in the field by providing evidence on the correlation of indicators that measure entrepreneurial performance with national competitiveness and economic growth. Moreover, our findings point out the need of the policy makers to adopt measures and policies that help and stimulate entrepreneurs to become more performant because they can generate positive effects to the economy as a whole.

Entrepreneurship and Unemployment

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-40
Author(s):  
Francisco José Mendes Leote ◽  
Nuno Miguel Teixeira ◽  
Rosa Galvão
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Support Program ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Research Papers

The COVID-19 pandemic is having a very negative economic and social impact on Portugal's economy, with the year 2020 expected to represent the largest economic recession since the 1970s. According to the Bank of Portugal forecasts, employment is expected to fall significantly, with the unemployment rate estimated at around 10%, with a special focus on young graduates. Simultaneously, several research papers have revealed the importance of entrepreneurship in job creation and economic development, highlighting the role of entrepreneurial ecosystems and government support for creating successful businesses. In this sense, this study has as its main objective to characterize a support program to the investment of young unemployed entrepreneurs and evidence its potential impact on Portugal's economic growth and social progress.

America

2020 ◽  
pp. 132-167
Author(s):  
Graham Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gilded Age ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Late Development ◽  
Capitalist Development ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Plantation Slavery ◽  
The World ◽  
Colonial Economy

This chapter sets out a detailed account of America’s capitalist transformation from the early 1700s. It shows how homestead and plantation agriculture generated a colonial economy. It stresses the importance of independence and then the civil war to the construction of a state and a nation. The chapter looks in detail at the varied forms of production throughout the territory and highlights the centrality of frontier expansion and dispossession. It discusses the role of plantation slavery and its abolition in capitalist growth. It then goes on to look at the ‘gilded age’ as one of developmentalism: forging a national economy, promoting industry, and conflating security issues with economic growth. It notes the slow social progress and crisis-prone nature of capitalist development, arguing that this is in the nature of capitalist transformation. It concludes by noting that the world of ‘late’ development is constructed by Britain and America’s capitalist transformations.

Beyond Malthusianism: Demography and Technology in John Stuart Mill's Stationary State

Utilitas ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kurfirst
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Reform Movements ◽  
Automatic Instrument ◽  
Moral Improvement ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Social Reform Movements ◽  
Per Capita

In his evaluation of the major social reform movements of his era, Mill chastised well-meaning reformers for their reluctance to elevate Malthusianism to a position of prominence in their efforts. He was convinced that the key to the material, mental, and moral improvement of the poor and the workers lay in a reduction of their physical numbers and in the behavioural modifications entailed by such a diminution, whereas most other reformers looked elsewhere for solutions. A favourite assumption about the proper means for effecting social reform was that economic growth served as an effective and almost automatic instrument for improving society. Then, as now, an unquestioned faith in the capacity of a progressive economy to stimulate gains in per capita income for the lower classes set the terms for the discussion.1 However, by suggesting that broader and more intensive economic development without a corresponding reduction in the rate of population increase would not generate material gains for those living in indigence, let alone the broader socio-cultural progress that was to have followed closely upon its heels, Mill casts aspersions upon the ‘false ideal’ of economic growth which informed many grand programmes for social progress.

scholarly journals Towards a Capability-Oriented Eco-Social Policy: Elements of a Normative Framework

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jean-Michel Bonvin ◽  
Francesco Laruffa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Capability Approach ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Normative Framework ◽  
Normative Basis ◽  
The Capability Approach

In this article we explore the potential of the capability approach as a normative basis for eco-social policies. While the capability approach is often interpreted as a productivist or maximalist perspective, assuming the desirability of economic growth, we suggest another understanding, which explicitly problematises the suitability of economic growth and productive employment as means for enhancing capabilities. We argue that the capability approach allows rejecting the identification of social progress with economic growth and that it calls for democratically debating the meaning of wellbeing and quality of life. We analyse the implications of this conceptualisation for the design of welfare states.

scholarly journals Approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of investments in higher education

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 512-529
Author(s):  
Aleksander P. Tsypin ◽  
◽  
Anna A. Firsova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Per Capita

Introduction. The role of the importance of higher education in the formation of human capital as a strategic resource of social progress and sustainable development of the country determines the relevance of studies that allow assessing the interdetermination of education and economic growth. The purpose of the article is to identify approaches to assessing the effectiveness of investments in higher education and modeling their impact on the economic growth of post-Soviet countries. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the study is testing the author's hypothesis and econometric modeling of the influence of macroeconomic indicators characterizing the state of the higher education system on the resulting indicator of gross domestic product per capita as an indicator of economic growth according to data from 15 post-Soviet countries. Methods of economic analysis, statistical and econometric methods were used. For empirical analysis, we used statistical data from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, the World Bank, and the United Nations. Results. The research hypothesis about the positive impact of spending on higher education on the economic growth of the post-Soviet countries has been confirmed. The greatest response to GDP per capita is observed from the indicators "Spending on research and development" and "Admission of high school graduates to higher education". Prediction of the obtained models shows the possibility of a significant increase in GDP per capita with an increase in spending on higher education with a corresponding congruent development of the institutional environment of the post-Soviet countries. Taking into account the identified factors makes it possible to determine priorities for a balanced education and innovation policy in the post-Soviet countries. Conclusions. Empirically substantiated the need to increase investment in the higher education sector to accelerate economic growth and level economic inequality, which must be taken into account when implementing policies in the context of structural reforms in higher education in post-Soviet countries and determining the amount of investment in higher education.

scholarly journals Research on the Dynamic Interrelationship among R&D Investment, Technological Innovation, and Economic Growth in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Liu ◽  
Guanjun Xia
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Innovation Ability ◽  
D Investment

Technological innovation is an important driving force for a country’s sustainable economic development and social progress, and can be achieved through R&D investment, which would lead to sustainable economic growth. This process is one of the important steps for China to realize the transformation of the economic growth mode and the development from extensive to intensive type. Since R&D investment, technological innovation, and economic growth are mutually influential and inseparable, it is particularly important to understand the interrelationship between the three. By collating data from China from 1995 to 2016, this paper established an indicator system of R&D investment, technological innovation, and economic growth as research variables. Vector autoregression model, impulse response function, and variance decomposition function were adopted. A long-term stable dynamic interrelationship among the three was revealed. The empirical analysis showed that in recent years, the growth of R&D investment, technological innovation, and economic growth stagnated or even slowly declined, which indicated that the economic development had insufficient stamina. The conversion efficiency of R&D investment was not high, and R&D investment for short-term profit was ubiquitous. The innovation ability of scientific and technological achievements was not strong, the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements was not high, and the market integration process was relatively slow. Overall, a good circular mechanism has not been established among R&D investment, technological innovation, and economic growth. Based on this, China should improve the mutual influence and interrelationship among R&D investment, technological innovation, and economic growth. The transmission mechanism among the three should be optimized and stable economic growth promoted, for example, by increasing R&D investment, enhancing the efficiency of R&D funds, improving the incentive system for scientific and technological innovation, and promting the effective use and marketization integration of innovation achievements.

PROSPECTS OF PROGRAM-ORIENTED MANAGEMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-106
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Todosiychuk ◽  
Sergei Pyastolov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Technical Development ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Economic Mechanism ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Target Management ◽  
Negative Factors

The «new reality» of crisis makes new demands on science in terms of its contribution to economic growth, social progress and security. The authors claim that the idea of program-oriented management is at the heart of practically all national strategies of scientific and technical development (STD), including those formed on the basis of the concepts of «National innovation system», network research. The paper observes the stages of revitalization in Russia of this newly demanded resource of management in the science and technology sector, and the reasons for the low «innovativeness» of the current economic mechanism. The inadequacy of systems for scientific activities evaluation to the realities, casual legal and linguistic uncertainty in normative papers are significant negative factors. If the influence of these factors is reduced, the methods of program-target management of STD will be much more effective.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document