SmallSat swarm gravimetry: Revealing the interior structure of asteroids and comets

AbstractA growing interest in small body exploration has motivated research into the rapid characterization of near-Earth objects to meet economic or scientific objectives. Specifically, knowledge of the internal density structure can aid with target selection and enables an understanding of prehistoric planetary formation to be developed. To this end, multi-layer extensions to the polyhedral gravity model are suggested, and an inversion technique is implemented to present their effectiveness. On-orbit gravity gradiometry is simulated and employed in stochastic and deterministic algorithms, with results that imply robustness in both cases.

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Extended photometric survey of near-Earth objects

Astronomy and Astrophysics ◽

10.1051/0004-6361/202038968 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 644 ◽

pp. A23

Author(s):

S. Ieva ◽

E. Dotto ◽

E. Mazzotta Epifani ◽

D. Perna ◽

C. Fanasca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Axis ◽

Semi Major Axis ◽

Yarkovsky Effect ◽

La Palma ◽

Physical Information ◽

Interesting Correlation ◽

Rapid Characterization ◽

First Time ◽

Near Earth Objects

Context. The near-Earth objects (NEOs), whose proximity makes them the most accessible bodies in the Solar System, allow us to sample asteroids from tens of kilometers down to objects of a few meters in size. However, while the physical properties for the largest bodies are mostly known, we have very little physical information regarding the small NEOs. These objects today represent the overall majority among the ~2500 new discoveries each year, but they are usually only bright enough to be observable during their close approaches. Aims. Our aim was to extend our survey that started in 2015 on the NEO population, using ground-based observations to characterize the fainter (and typically smaller) NEOs observable each night. Methods. We performed BVRIz photometry of NEOs, making use of the DOLORES instrument at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG, La Palma, Spain) and the Asiago Schmidt telescope (Italy), in order to derive visible color indexes and the taxonomic classification for each target in our sample. Results. We taxonomically classified 51 new NEOs for the first time. Together with data obtained in our previous work and collected by other surveys available online, we analyzed an extended sample of 1081 individual NEOs. While the overall majority of them belong to the S-complex, our analysis of the taxonomic distribution found a larger contribution for dark bodies going toward larger H, suggesting that they could be more abundant among the fainter NEOs. Moreover, we find an interesting correlation between semi-major axis and diameter, which could be in part related to the Yarkovsky effect. Rapid characterization of the fainter NEO population shortly after their discovery will be crucial in the future, before those bodies become too faint to be observed, or lost forever.

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An evaluation of the InDevR FluChip-8G insight microarray assay in characterizing influenza a viruses

Tropical Diseases Travel Medicine and Vaccines ◽

10.1186/s40794-021-00133-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Emily S. Bailey ◽

Xinye Wang ◽

Mai-juan Ma ◽

Guo-lin Wang ◽

Gregory C. Gray

Keyword(s):

Influenza A ◽

Influenza Viruses ◽

Time Range ◽

Influenza B ◽

Influenza A Viruses ◽

Laboratory Methods ◽

Duke University ◽

Multiple Viral Strains ◽

Rapid Characterization

AbstractInfluenza viruses are an important cause of disease in both humans and animals, and their detection and characterization can take weeks. In this study, we sought to compare classical virology techniques with a new rapid microarray method for the detection and characterization of a very diverse, panel of animal, environmental, and human clinical or field specimens that were molecularly positive for influenza A alone (n = 111), influenza B alone (n = 3), both viruses (n = 13), or influenza negative (n = 2) viruses. All influenza virus positive samples in this study were first subtyped by traditional laboratory methods, and later evaluated using the FluChip-8G Insight Assay (InDevR Inc. Boulder, CO) in laboratories at Duke University (USA) or at Duke Kunshan University (China). The FluChip-8G Insight multiplexed assay agreed with classical virologic techniques 59 (54.1%) of 109 influenza A-positive, 3 (100%) of the 3 influenza B-positive, 0 (0%) of 10 both influenza A- and B-positive samples, 75% of 24 environmental samples including those positive for H1, H3, H7, H9, N1, and N9 strains, and 80% of 22 avian influenza samples. It had difficulty with avian N6 types and swine H3 and N2 influenza specimens. The FluChip-8G Insight assay performed well with most human, environmental, and animal samples, but had some difficulty with samples containing multiple viral strains and with specific animal influenza strains. As classical virology methods are often iterative and can take weeks, the FluChip-8G Insight Assay rapid results (time range 8 to 12 h) offers considerable time savings. As the FluChip-8G analysis algorithm is expected to improve over time with addition of new subtypes and sample matrices, the FluChip-8G Insight Assay has considerable promise for rapid characterization of novel influenza viruses affecting humans or animals.

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Rapid characterization of the volatile profiles in Pu‐erh tea by gas phase electronic nose and microchamber/thermal extractor combined with TD‐GC‐MS

Journal of Food Science ◽

10.1111/1750-3841.15723 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yanqin Yang ◽

Yuting Rong ◽

Fuqiao Liu ◽

Yongwen Jiang ◽

Yuliang Deng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Phase ◽

Electronic Nose ◽

Volatile Profiles ◽

Rapid Characterization

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Rapid characterization of the chemical constituents of Yinchen Wuling Powder by UPLC coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis ◽

10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114022 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 114022

Author(s):

Yumeng Zhang ◽

Min Zhao ◽

Tingting Liu ◽

Wenjing Zhu ◽

Chunjie Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Fourier Transform ◽

Cyclotron Resonance ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽

Ion Cyclotron ◽

Rapid Characterization

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Electrochemical Approaches for Rapid Characterization of Oxidizable Compounds in Different Oak Alternatives

Beverages ◽

10.3390/beverages7010001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Jéremie Wirth ◽

Davide Slaghenaufi ◽

Stéphane Vidal ◽

Maurizio Ugliano

Keyword(s):

Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽

Wine Industry ◽

Wine Aroma ◽

Total Current ◽

Strong Correlations ◽

Tannin Content ◽

Linear Sweep ◽

Antioxidant Characteristics ◽

Rapid Characterization

Oak alternatives (OAs) such as chips, granulates or staves, are becoming increasingly used in the wine industry. Although they are mostly considered for their contribution to wine aroma, they are also a source of phenolic compounds to be released in the wine, in particular ellagitannins contributing to wine mouthfeel and antioxidant characteristics. In the present study, we explore the potential for a rapid analytical method based on linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) combined with disposable sensors to provide a rapid measure of the oxidizable compounds present in different OAs, as well as their characterization. Strong correlations were found between the tannin content of different OAs and the total current measures during LSV analysis, allowing a rapid quantification of the oxidizable compounds present, mostly ellagitannin. Application of derivatization to raw voltammograms allowed extraction of a number of features that can be used for classification purposes, in particular with respect to OAs types (chips or staves) and degree of toasting.

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Rapid Characterization of Allosteric Networks with Ensemble Normal Mode Analysis

The Journal of Physical Chemistry B ◽

10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b01991 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 120 (33) ◽

pp. 8276-8288 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Xin-Qiu Yao ◽

Lars Skjærven ◽

Barry J. Grant

Keyword(s):

Normal Mode ◽

Normal Mode Analysis ◽

Mode Analysis ◽

Rapid Characterization

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Characterization of Two Multidrug-Resistant IncA/C Plasmids from the 1960s by Using the MinION Sequencer Device

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01121-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (11) ◽

pp. 6780-6786 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Mónika Szabó ◽

Tibor Nagy ◽

Tímea Wilk ◽

Tibor Farkas ◽

Anna Hegyi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Bacterial Genome ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Phenotypic Change ◽

Long Reads ◽

Loss Of Resistance ◽

Rapid Characterization ◽

Resistance Island ◽

The 1960S

ABSTRACTTwo A/C incompatibility group (IncA/C family) plasmids from the 1960s have been sequenced and classified into the A/C2type 1 group. R16a and IP40a contain novel antibiotic resistance islands and a complete GIsul2 genomic island not previously found in the family. In the 173.1-kb R16a, the 29.9-kb antibiotic resistance island (ARI) is located in a unique backbone position not utilized by ARIs. ARIR16aconsists of Tn1, Tn6020, and Tn6333, harboring the resistance genesblaTEM-1DandaphA1band amermodule, respectively; a truncated Tn5393copy; and a gene cluster with unknown function. Plasmid IP40a is 170.4 kb in size and contains a 5.6-kb ARI inserted into thekfrAgene. ARIIP40acarryingblaTEM-1DandaphA1bgenes is composed of Tn1with a Tn6023insertion. Additionally, IP40a harbors single IS2, IS186, and Tn1000insertions scattered in the backbone; an IS150copy in GIsul2; and a complete Tn6333carrying amermodule at the position of ARIR16a. Loss of resistance markers in R16a, IP40a, and R55 was observed during stability tests. Every phenotypic change proved to be the result of recombination events involving mobile elements. Intramolecular transposition of IS copies that generated IP40a derivatives lacking large parts of the backbone could account for the formation of other family members, too. The MinION platform proved to be a valuable tool in bacterial genome sequencing since it generates long reads that span repetitive elements and facilitates full-length plasmid or chromosome assembly. Nanopore technology enables rapid characterization of large, low-copy-number plasmids and their rearrangement products.

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