scholarly journals Online learning during school closure due to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Ikeda ◽  
Shintaro Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Study Time ◽  
The State ◽  
School Closure ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
At Home

AbstractThis paper estimates the effects of school closure on students’ study time and the number of messages sent from teachers to students using an online learning service. We find that both study time and message numbers increased significantly from the beginning of the school closure but they returned to pre-COVID-19 levels when the state of emergency ended in late May 2020. In addition, we find that students with prior access to the online learning service at home and students at higher-quality schools increased their study time more than other students. However, we find no gender differences in these outcomes.

scholarly journals Parental Engagement in Children's Online Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Ria Novianti ◽  
Meyke Garzia
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Parental Engagement ◽  
Study Time ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
School Students ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Parent Role ◽  
Learning At Home ◽  
At Home

The world is shaken as the Covid-19 pandemic. All aspects of human life feel the consequences, including the education. School activity is replaced by online learning at home and teachers is now sharing the burden of teaching with parents. Facing this situation, parents should be able to play a role as children's learning companions at home. In fact, not all parents are ready for this new task. This research aims to find out more about the parental engagement in children's online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. Research conducted in Riau province with 148 samples of parents from the first and second grade of elementary school students, who filled the online questionnaire. The design used in this study is a converging design, simultaneously collecting quantitative and qualitative data, combining the data, comparing the results, and explaining all descriptions in the results. The result shows that parental engagement in supervising the children study time is 81,7%, parent role in accompanying children in learning is 80,4%, supervising children study time is 71,8%, recognizing children learning difficulties 69% and providing learning facilities 64.8%. It can be concluded that most of the parents are engaged in children online learning activities, although there are still those who have obstacles and difficulties in dividing time, attention and explaining the lesson to childrens.

scholarly journals The State of Emergency at Home

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-59
Author(s):  
Flora Hergon
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
Self Control ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
At Home

This article focuses on the massive house searches and house arrests that occurred during the state of emergency in France between 2015 and 2017. It draws from critical studies on counterterrorism as well as sociology of the intimate to analyze the aftermath of these measures on the Muslim households that experienced these procedures without being sentenced afterward. It examines how house arrests and searches redefine the respondents’ relationships to their domestic space and local environment as these places become spaces of fear, surveillance, discipline, and self-control. The analysis reveals a set of embodied and discursive strategies to prove an innocence that implies a reappropriation of state categories around social integration and the promotion of an acceptable and non-suspect religiosity.

scholarly journals Japan’s voluntary lockdown

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252468
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Watanabe ◽  
Tomoyoshi Yabu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Location Data ◽  
New Information ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
At Home

Japan’s government has taken a number of measures, including declaring a state of emergency, to combat the spread COVID-19. We examine the mechanisms through which the government’s policies have led to changes in people’s behavior. Using smartphone location data, we construct a daily prefecture-level stay-at-home measure to identify the following two effects: (1) the effect that citizens refrained from going out in line with the government’s request, and (2) the effect that government announcements reinforced awareness with regard to the seriousness of the pandemic and people voluntarily refrained from going out. Our main findings are as follows. First, the declaration of the state of emergency reduced the number of people leaving their homes by 8.5% through the first channel, which is of the same order of magnitude as the estimates obtained for lockdowns in the United States. Second, a 1% increase in new infections in a prefecture reduces people’s outings in that prefecture by 0.027%. Third, the government’s requests are responsible for about one quarter of the decrease in outings in Tokyo, while the remaining three quarters are the result of citizens obtaining new information through government announcements and the daily release of the number of infections. The findings suggest that what mattered for containing the spread of COVID-19 was not strong, legally binding measures but the provision of appropriate information that encouraged people to change their behavior.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Satisfaction Degree of Students at Spain’s Physiotherapy Universities in Relation to Online Teaching during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13628
Author(s):  
Isabel Escobio-Prieto ◽  
Raquel Sobrino-Sánchez ◽  
José Antonio Mingorance ◽  
Manuel García-Marín ◽  
Antonio Matas-Terrón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
The State ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Spanish Universities ◽  
Physiotherapy Students

Student satisfaction is a crucial aspect in the quality assessment of higher education. The aim of the present study was to assess the degree of satisfaction among students in the Faculties of physiotherapy throughout Spain concerning online teaching during the State of Emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional observational design. The online questionnaire DISFISCOVID was distributed to 24 physiotherapy faculties across Spain. A sample of 348 physiotherapy students from 14 Spanish universities completed the questionnaire. It showed high reliability evidence, achieving Cronbach’s alpha indices higher than 0.870, alongside a McDonald’s ωH of 0.876. On the whole, students were not satisfied with online learning during the State of Emergency, considering it unsuitable for their learning in either the theoretical or practical field of subjects in the degree of physiotherapy. In conclusion, the perception of physiotherapy students concerning the teaching they received, as far as practical contents and assessment methods are concerned, was not very satisfactory in those Faculties in which online learning platforms were not being used beforehand, and was more satisfactory when teaching was carried out in-person in the classroom.

IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL STATE OF THE POPULATION OF KAZAKHSTAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Б.С. ДУИСЕМБАЕВА ◽  
М.Б. ТУРСЫНАЛИ ◽  
А.Т. ДУЙСЕМБАЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
The State ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Total Group ◽  
At Home

Проведен анализ данных онлайн анкетирования во время ЧС положения в Казахстане. Выявлено, что проведенное нами анкетирование среди населения Казахстана находящихся во время ЧП дома (общая группа 152 человека) позволило сделать заключение о том, что режим ЧП в Казахстане повлиял на психоэмоциональное состояния населения. Больше подвержены к стрессу были женщины, чем мужчины. Это говорит, нам статистика опрошенных. Это связано тем, что дома оставались в большинстве случаях женщины. Молодежь остро реагируют на стресс, это можно объяснить тем, что у них мало жизненного опыта. Изменения привычного образа жизни, повлиял на все слои населения The analysis of the data of online questioning during the state of emergency in Kazakhstan was carried out. It was revealed that our questioning among the population of Kazakhstan who were at home during the state of emergency (total group of 152 people) allowed us to conclude that the state of emergency in Kazakhstan has affected the psycho-emotional state of the population. Women were more susceptible to stress than men. This is what the statistics of those interviewed tell us. This is due to the fact that in most cases women stayed at home. Young people react acutely to stress, it can be explained by the fact that they have little life experience. Changes in the habitual way of life, affected all segments of the population.

Der Sächsische Landtag und die Digitalisierung der Schulen 2017 bis 2021: Aktivitäten und Themen vor und während der Covid-19-Pandemie

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-561
Author(s):  
Iris Reus ◽  
Tim-Benedikt Attow ◽  
Nico Fenske
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Media Education ◽  
The Media ◽  
Qualitative Analyses ◽  
At Home

How did the state parliament of Saxony deal with the topic of digitization at schools and how did the Covid-19 pandemic increase the problem’s immediacy? This question was investigat­ed by means of quantitative and qualitative analyses of parliamentary activities between 2017 and 2021 . The empirical evaluation for the period before the pandemic yields only a few activities in the Landtag, with the majority of initiatives coming from a cross-bencher . The­matically, the processes in 2017 and 2018 concentrated on digitization-related measures of the state government in general (or demands in this regard) as well as details of technical implementation . Despite the DigitalPakt going into effect in 2019, a period of inactivity fol­lowed for almost two years . Acute pressure to act set in when children had to be taught at home due the Covid 19 pandemic beginning in March 2020 . As the media analysis shows, the issue received constant and partly even high attention, with critical reports predominat­ing especially during the period of the second school closure . However, this problem pressure was not clearly reflected in the activities of the state parliament, either in terms of time or content, even though parliamentary interest increased noticeably during the pandemic . The­matically, the parliamentary groups turned their attention to the DigitalPakt and the design of media education concepts .

“I'd make thee eat the mischief thou hast vented”: Discourse of Law in Ben Jonson's Catiline His Conspiracy

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-45
Author(s):  
Akihiko Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Gunpowder Plot ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Legal Procedures ◽  
The Way

This essay explores the discourse of law that constitutes the controversial apprehension of Cicero's issuing of the ultimate decree of the Senate (senatus consultum ultimum) in Catiline. The play juxtaposes the struggle of Cicero, whose moral character and legitimacy are at stake in regards to the extra-legal uses of espionage, with the supposedly mischievous Catilinarians who appear to observe legal procedures more carefully throughout their plot. To mitigate this ambivalence, the play defends Cicero's actions by depicting the way in which Cicero establishes the rhetoric of public counsel to convince the citizens of his legitimacy in his unprecedented dealing with Catiline. To understand the contemporaneousness of Catiline, I will explore the way the play integrates the early modern discourses of counsel and the legal maxim of ‘better to suffer an inconvenience than mischief,’ suggesting Jonson's subtle sensibility towards King James's legal reformation which aimed to establish and deploy monarchical authority in the state of emergency (such as the Gunpowder Plot of 1605). The play's climactic trial scene highlights the display of the collected evidence, such as hand-written letters and the testimonies obtained through Cicero's spies, the Allbroges, as proof of Catiline's mischievous character. I argue that the tactical negotiating skills of the virtuous and vicious characters rely heavily on the effective use of rhetoric exemplified by both the political discourse of classical Rome and the legal discourse of Tudor and Jacobean England.

Japanese-language videos on YouTube as a source of public health information for COVID-19 (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Yasu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
The State ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Public Health Information ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
Spread Of Infection

BACKGROUND Serious public health problems, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can cause an infodemic. Sources of information that may cause an infodemic include social networking services; YouTube, which consists of content created and uploaded by individuals, is one such source. OBJECTIVE To survey the content and changes in YouTube videos that present public health information about COVID-19 in Japan. METHODS We surveyed YouTube content regarding public health information pertaining to COVID-19 in Japan. YouTube searches were performed on March 6, 2020 (before the state of emergency), April 14 (during the state of emergency), and May 27 (after the state of emergency was lifted), with 136, 113, and 140 sample videos evaluated, respectively. The main outcome measures were: (1) The total number of views for each video, (2) video content, and (3) the usefulness of the video. RESULTS In the 100 most viewed YouTube videos during the three periods, the number of videos on public health information in March was significantly higher than in May (p = .02). Of the 331 unique videos, 9.1% (n = 30) were released by healthcare professionals. Useful videos providing public health information about the prevention of the spread of infection comprised only 13.0% of the sample but were viewed significantly more often than not useful videos (p = .006). CONCLUSIONS Individuals need to take care when obtaining information from YouTube before or early in a pandemic, during which time scientific evidence is scarce.

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