Effect of various n − 3/n − 6 fatty acid ratio contents of high fat diets on rat liver and heart peroxisomal and mitochondrial β-oxidation

1993 ◽  
Vol 1170 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Vamecq ◽  
Louis Vallee ◽  
Paulette Lechêne de la Porte ◽  
Monique Fontaine ◽  
Dirk de Craemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Fatty Acid Ratio ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

scholarly journals Effects of high-fat diets on hepatic fatty acid oxidation in the rat Isolation of rat liver peroxisomes by vertical-rotor centrifugation by using a self-generated, iso-osmotic, Percoll gradient

1981 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
C E Neat ◽  
M S Thomassen ◽  
H Osmundsen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Beta Oxidation ◽  
Vertical Rotor ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Long Chain

1. Rat liver peroxisomal fractions were isolated in iso-osmotic Percoll gradients by using vertical-rotor centrifugation. The fractions obtained with rats given various dietary treatments were characterized. 2. The effect on peroxisomal beta-oxidation of feeding 15% by wt. of dietary fat for 3 weeks was investigated. High-fat diets caused induction of peroxisomal beta-oxidation, but diets rich in very-long-chain mono-unsaturated fatty acids produced a more marked induction. 3. Peroxisomal beta-oxidation induced by diets rich in very-long-chain mono-unsaturated fatty acids can oxidize such acids. Trans-isomers of mono-unsaturated fatty acids are oxidized at rates that are faster than, or similar to, those obtained with corresponding cis-isomers. 4. Rates of oxidation of [14-14C]erucic acid by isolated rat hepatocytes isolated from rats fed on high-fat diets increased with the time on those diets in a fashion very similar to that previously reported for peroxisomal beta-oxidation [see Neat, Thomassen & Osmundsen (1980) Biochem, J. 186, 369-371]. 5. Total liver capacities for peroxisomal beta-oxidation (expressed as acetyl groups produced per min) were estimated to range from 10 to 30% of mitochondrial capacities, depending on dietary treatment and fatty acid substrate. A role is proposed for peroxisomal beta-oxidation in relation to the metabolism of fatty acids that are poorly oxidized by mitochondrial beta-oxidation, and, in general, as regards oxidation of fatty acids during periods of sustained high hepatic influx of fatty acids.

scholarly journals Proteomics study of the effect of high-fat diet on rat liver

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 1062-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Sang ◽  
Hengxian Qu ◽  
Ruixia Gu ◽  
Dawei Chen ◽  
Xia Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Bioinformatics Analyses ◽  
Fat Diets

AbstractExcessive intake of high-energy diets is an important cause of most obesity. The intervention of rats with high-fat diet can replicate the ideal animal model for studying the occurrence of human nutritional obesity. Proteomics and bioinformatics analyses can help us to systematically and comprehensively study the effect of high-fat diet on rat liver. In the present study, 4056 proteins were identified in rat liver by using tandem mass tag. A total of 198 proteins were significantly changed, of which 103 were significantly up-regulated and ninety-five were significantly down-regulated. These significant differentially expressed proteins are primarily involved in lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism processes. The intake of a high-fat diet forces the body to maintain physiological balance by regulating these key protein spots to inhibit fatty acid synthesis, promote fatty acid oxidation and accelerate fatty acid degradation. The present study enriches our understanding of metabolic disorders induced by high-fat diets at the protein level.

scholarly journals A Difference in Fatty Acid Composition of Isocaloric High-Fat Diets Alters Metabolic Flexibility in Male C57BL/6JOlaHsd Mice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0128515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loes P. M. Duivenvoorde ◽  
Evert M. van Schothorst ◽  
Hans M. Swarts ◽  
Ondrej Kuda ◽  
Esther Steenbergh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Metabolic Flexibility ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Fiber type- and fatty acid composition-dependent effects of high-fat diets on rat muscle triacylglyceride and fatty acid transporter protein-1 content

Metabolism ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1032-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Marotta ◽  
Andreu Ferrer-Martı́nez ◽  
Josep Parnau ◽  
Marco Turini ◽  
Katherine Macé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Transporter Protein ◽  
Rat Muscle ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fatty Acid Transporter ◽  
Fat Diets

Influence of high-fat diet from differential dietary sources on bone mineral density, bone strength, and bone fatty acid composition in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Y. Lau ◽  
Val Andrew Fajardo ◽  
Lauren McMeekin ◽  
Sandra M. Sacco ◽  
Wendy E. Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Safflower Oil ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Previous studies have suggested that high-fat diets adversely affect bone development. However, these studies included other dietary manipulations, including low calcium, folic acid, and fibre, and (or) high sucrose or cholesterol, and did not directly compare several common sources of dietary fat. Thus, the overall objective of this study was to investigate the effect of high-fat diets that differ in fat quality, representing diets high in saturated fatty acids (SFA), n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), or n-6 PUFA, on femur bone mineral density (BMD), strength, and fatty acid composition. Forty-day-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were maintained for 65 days on high-fat diets (20% by weight), containing coconut oil (SFA; n = 10), flaxseed oil (n-3 PUFA; n = 10), or safflower oil (n-6 PUFA; n = 11). Chow-fed rats (n = 10), at 105 days of age, were included to represent animals on a control diet. Rats fed high-fat diets had higher body weights than the chow-fed rats (p < 0.001). Among all high-fat groups, there were no differences in femur BMD (p > 0.05) or biomechanical strength properties (p > 0.05). Femurs of groups fed either the high n-3 or high n-6 PUFA diets were stronger (as measured by peak load) than those of the chow-fed group, after adjustment for significant differences in body weight (p = 0.001). As expected, the femur fatty acid profile reflected the fatty acid composition of the diet consumed. These results suggest that high-fat diets, containing high levels of PUFA in the form of flaxseed or safflower oil, have a positive effect on bone strength when fed to male rats 6 to 15 weeks of age.

scholarly journals Level and source of fat in the diet of gestating beef cows: I. Effects on the prepartum performance of the dam and birth weight of the progeny1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 3103-3119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Añez-Osuna ◽  
Gregory B Penner ◽  
John Campbell ◽  
Michael E R Dugan ◽  
Carolyn J Fitzsimmons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Nefa Concentration ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

AbstractA 2-yr study was conducted to evaluate the effects of level and source of fat in the diet of gestating beef cows on their prepartum performance and birth weight of progeny. Each year, 75 multiparous (≥3 calving) pregnant Angus cows were stratified by BW (663 ± 21.5 kg) and BCS (2.6 ± 0.12; 1 to 5 scale) and randomly assigned to 1 of 15 outdoor pens. Subsequently, each pen was randomly assigned to 1 of 3 (n = 5) treatments: a low-fat diet (LF; 1.4 ± 0.12% EE) consisting of grass-legume hay, barley straw, and barley grain, or 1 of 2 high-fat diets (HF; 3.3 ± 0.20% EE) that included either a canola seed (CAN) or a flaxseed (FLX) based pelleted feed. Diets were formulated to meet the requirements of pregnant beef cows during the last 2 trimesters of gestation (0.183 ± 4.8 d), adjusted for changes in environmental conditions, and offered such that each pen on average received similar daily amounts of DE (31.2 ± 2.8 Mcal/cow), CP (1.36 ± 0.13 kg/cow), and DM (12.9 ± 1.0 kg/cow). Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design with contrasts to separate the effects of level (LF vs. HF) and source (CAN vs. FLX) of fat. After 160 d on trial, conceptus corrected-BW (CC-BW) of LF cows (708 kg) and the proportion of overconditioned cows (13.2%) were greater (P ≤ 0.04) than those of HF, with no difference (P ≥ 0.84) between CAN and FLX for CC-BW (697 kg) and proportion of overconditioned cows (3.6% vs. 2.9%). Feeding FLX diet during gestation resulted in cows with a greater (P ≤ 0.01) concentration of conjugated linolenic acid (0.12% vs. 0.05%) and n-3 (0.58% vs. 0.37%) fatty acids, and a tendency (P = 0.09) for conjugated linoleic acid concentration (1.05% vs. 0.88%) to be greater in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) when compared with cows fed the CAN diet. By the end of gestation, serum NEFA concentration of LF cows (592 µEq/L) was lower (P < 0.01) than that of HF cows, and FLX cows had greater (P < 0.01) serum NEFA concentration than CAN cows (636 vs. 961 µEq/L). Cows receiving the LF diet during gestation gave birth to lighter (P < 0.01) calves compared with those receiving the HF diets (40.2 vs. 42.9 kg), with no difference (P = 0.24) between calves born to CAN (42.4 kg) and FLX (43.3 kg) cows. In conclusion, these results suggest a partitioning of the ME in pregnant beef cows that is dependent on the type of dietary energy, resulting in heavier calves at birth for cows fed high-fat diets. Also, the type of fatty acid in the diet of gestating beef cows affected the fatty acid profile in SCAT and serum NEFA concentration.

Effects of high fat diets on the activity of palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase in rat liver

Lipids ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf K. Berge ◽  
Magny S. Thomassen
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Coa Hydrolase

Differential effects of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid diets on cardiomyocyte apoptosis, adipose distribution, and serum leptin

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (1) ◽  
pp. H38-H44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isidore C. Okere ◽  
Margaret P. Chandler ◽  
Tracy A. McElfresh ◽  
Julie H. Rennison ◽  
Victor Sharov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Ceramide Content ◽  
Fat Diets

Fatty acids are the primary fuel for the heart and are ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which regulate the expression of genes encoding proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism. Saturated fatty acids, particularly palmitate, can be converted to the proapoptotic lipid intermediate ceramide. This study assessed cardiac function, expression of PPAR-regulated genes, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats after 8 wk on either a low-fat diet [normal chow control (NC); 10% fat calories] or high-fat diets composed mainly of either saturated (Sat) or unsaturated fatty acids (Unsat) (60% fat calories) ( n = 10/group). The Sat group had lower plasma insulin and leptin concentrations compared with the NC or Unsat groups. Cardiac function and mass and body mass were not different. Cardiac triglyceride content was increased in the Sat and Unsat groups compared with NC ( P < 0.05); however, ceramide content was higher in the Sat group compared with the Unsat group (2.9 ± 0.2 vs. 1.4 ± 0.2 nmol/g; P < 0.05), whereas the NC group was intermediate (2.3 ± 0.3 nmol/g). The number of apoptotic myocytes, assessed by terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining, was higher in the Sat group compared with the Unsat group (0.28 ± 0.05 vs. 0.17 ± 0.04 apoptotic cells/1,000 nuclei; P < 0.04) and was positively correlated to ceramide content ( P < 0.02). Both high-fat diets increased the myocardial mRNA expression of the PPAR-regulated genes encoding uncoupling protein-3 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4, but only the Sat diet upregulated medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. In conclusion, dietary fatty acid composition affects cardiac ceramide accumulation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and expression of PPAR-regulated genes independent of cardiac mass or function.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document