5-hydroxytryptamine content of mast cells, mast cell numbers and body growth

1978 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lennart Enerbäck ◽  
Lennart Mellblom
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Cell Numbers

Testicular serotonin is related to mast cells but not to Leydig cells in the rat

1995 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Aguilar ◽  
F Antón ◽  
C Bellido ◽  
E Aguilar ◽  
F Gaytan
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Testicular Capsule

Abstract Testicular serotonin (5HT) concentrations were determined by HPLC in the testes of rats treated neonatally with oestradiol benzoate (EB) and in adult rats treated with the Leydig cell cytotoxic ethylene dimethane sulphonate (EDS). 5HT concentrations were related to mast cell numbers. EB-treated rats showed an accumulation of mast cells in the testes at 35 and 70 days of age and increased 5HT concentrations in both the interstitial fluid and the testicular capsule, whereas no increases in 5HT concentrations or in the number of mast cells were found for the ventral prostate of these animals. On the contrary, 5HT concentrations were not related to the number of Leydig cells. In EB-treated rats, in which Leydig cells were nearly absent at 35 days of age, 5HT concentrations were significantly increased. Furthermore, EDS-treated rats did not show significant changes in 5HT concentrations, in spite of the elimination of Leydig cells. These data suggest that mast cells are a major source of serotonin in the rat testis. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 146, 15–21

scholarly journals The Equine Endometrial Mast Cell during the Puerperal Period: Evaluation of Mast Cell Numbers and Types in Comparison to Other Inflammatory Changes

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Welle ◽  
L. Audigé ◽  
J.-P. Belz
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Double Labeling ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Significant Difference

Endometrial biopsies of 44 broodmares were histologically examined on days 3, 6, and 9 postpartum. The mares were subdivided into three groups according to the course of the puerperal period. In 29 mares, parturition and expulsion of the placenta was normal, six mares showed dystocia, and in nine mares, the placenta was retained for >2 hours. Tissue samples were evaluated histologically, and the average numbers of granulocytes, lymphocytes, macrophages, siderophages, and mast cells was determined. Protease content of mast cells was examined with a double-enzyme immunohistochemical staining technique, using a histochemical reaction for chloroacetate esterase and fast blue to detect chymase activity and an immunohistochemical staining method with a polyclonal antibody and fast red for the detection of tryptase. Analyzing the cell numbers using the statistical software Statistica, a marked inflammatory reaction was observed in the endometrium postpartum. Although the number of granulocytes decreased during the first 9 days postpartum, the number of lymphocytes, macrophages, and siderophages increased. No significant difference in the number of any of these cell types could be demonstrated in the three different courses of the puerperal period, although the numbers of these cells seemed to be lower in mares with dystocia. In contrast with other cells, no change in the number of endometrial mast cells was observed during the puerperal period, but a significantly lower number were found in the endometrium of mares with retained placenta. The enzyme immunohistochemical double-labeling technique could demonstrate only tryptase-positive mast cells; no chymase activity was detectable in any endometrial mast cells. The number of mast cells detected with the metachromatic staining technique was significantly higher than that detected with double labeling. These results support the hypothesis that a sufficient number of mast cells may be necessary for a normal postnatal period and suggest a mast cell subtype in the equine endometrium that is tryptase and chymase negative.

scholarly journals Correlation between clinical findings, mast cell count and interleukin 31 immunostaining in the skin of dogs with atopic dermatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Hess Rodrigues Gonçalves ◽  
Bruna Dantas Matos ◽  
Mariana Batista Rodrigues Faleiro ◽  
Emmanuel Arnhold ◽  
Moema Pacheco Chediak Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Clinical Scores ◽  
Mast Cell Count

ABSTRACT: In this study the correlation between the clinical score, mast cell count and interleukin 31 (IL-31) immunostaining in the skin of dogs with atopic dermatitis was determined. A total of 31 dogs of different breeds, from one to eight years of age, were chosen for the study. The 20 females and 11 males were categorized based on the CADESI-4 system, as having discrete, moderate or marked atopic dermatitis. Skin samples were collected from the axillary and interdigital regions and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for cytohistomorphological analyses and toluidine blue to evaluate the mast cell counts, and immunohistochemistry for the IL-31 immunostaining. Animals revealing higher atopic dermatitis scores had greater numbers of mast cells and IL-31 immunolabeled cells. More numbers of cells immunolabeled for IL-31 were evident in the axillary skin compared with the interdigital skin in dogs having this condition. A correlation was identified between the clinical scores and mast cell numbers in the interdigital region, as well as between the clinical scores and number of cells immunolabeled for IL-31 in the axillary area. A correlation was also reported between the mast cell numbers and IL-31 immunolabeled cells only in the axillary skin, and none in the interdigital regions. It was thus concluded that the mast cells and IL-31 are involved in the pathogenesis of the canine atopic dermatitis (CAD), as well as lymphocytes and plasma cells. It was also observed that the higher the degree of clinical severity of the disease, the more the numbers of mast cells and IL-31 in the skin of those animals suffering from CAD, which implies the influence of these immunological constituents on the genesis of pruritus and disease progression.

Reduction of ethanol-induced gastric damage by sodium cromoglycate and FPL-52694. Role of leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and mast cells in the protective mechanism

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Beck ◽  
Gerald P. Morris ◽  
John L. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Sodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Gastric Damage ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Tissue Mast Cell ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Two Agents

The mechanism of action of the "mast cell stabilizers" sodium cromoglycate and FPL-52694 as protective agents against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage was investigated in the rat. Using an ex vivo gastric chamber model, various concentrations (10–80 mg/mL) of the two agents were applied to the gastric mucosa prior to exposure to 40% ethanol. Both agents significantly reduced ethanol-induced damage in a dose-dependent manner. When given orally (80 mg/kg) both agents significantly reduced gastric damage induced by subsequent oral administration of absolute ethanol. Pretreatment with indomethacin did not significantly affect the protection afforded by FPL-52694, but did cause a partial reversal of the protective effect of sodium cromoglycate. Changes in gastric leukotriene C4 synthesis did not correlate with the protective effects of the two agents. Both mucosal and connective tissue mast cell numbers were significantly reduced following oral ethanol administration. In the groups pretreated with FPL-52694 or sodium cromoglycate, mucosal mast cell numbers were not significantly different from those in rats not treated with ethanol. Furthermore, the connective tissue mast cell numbers were significantly lower than in ethanol-treated control rats, despite a >95% reduction of ethanol-induced hemorrhagic damage. These results therefore suggest that stimulation of gastric prostaglandin synthesis is not important in the mechanism of action of FPL-52694, and neither agent appears to reduce damage through a mechanism related to effects on gastric leukotriene C4 synthesis. The present studies further suggest that the protection afforded by pretreatment with sodium cromoglycate or FPL-52694 may be unrelated to effects of these agents on the connective tissue mast cell population in the stomach.Key words: ulcer, eicosanoids, mast cells, alcohol, mast cell stabilizers.

scholarly journals Effects of Nigella sativa seeds and certain species of fungi extracts on number and activation of dural mast cells in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Kilinc ◽  
Y Dagistan ◽  
B Kotan ◽  
A Cetinkaya
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Dura Mater ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Mast Cell Degranulation ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Tricholoma Terreum ◽  
Mast Cell Degranulating

In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Nigella sativa seeds and certain species of fungi extracts on the number and degranulation states of dural mast cells in rats. Rats were fed ad libitum with normal tap water or tap water with extract of N. sativa seed, Ramaria condensata, Lactarius salmonicolor, Lactarius piperatus, and Tricholoma terreum for 3 days. Mast cells in dura mater were counted and evaluated in terms of granulation and degranulation states. Compound 48/80, a mast cell degranulating agent, and T. terreum significantly increased the percent of degranulated mast cells in dura mater, respectively (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). Moreover, T. terreum causes a significant increase in the total number of mast cells (p < 0.05). N. sativa significantly inhibited mast cell degranulation induced by both the compound 48/80 and T. terreum (p < 0.05), and significantly decreased the mast cell numbers increased by T. terreum (p < 0.05). Our results suggested that T. terreum following ingestion can contribute to headaches like migraine via dural mast cell degranulation and N. sativa may be able to exert analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects by stabilizing dural mast cells. However, investigation is needed to determine the ingredients of N. sativa that may be responsible for these beneficial effects.

scholarly journals Mast cells play a protumorigenic role in primary cutaneous lymphoma

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (10) ◽  
pp. 2042-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Rabenhorst ◽  
Max Schlaak ◽  
Lukas C. Heukamp ◽  
Anja Förster ◽  
Sebastian Theurich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphoma ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphomas

AbstractPrimary cutaneous lymphomas (PCLs) are clonal T- or B-cell neoplasms, which originate in the skin. In recent years, mast cells were described as regulators of the tumor microenvironment in different human malignancies. Here, we investigated the role of mast cells in the tumor microenvironment of PCL. We found significantly increased numbers of mast cells in skin biopsies from patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (CBCL). Mast cell infiltration was particularly prominent in the periphery, at lymphoma rims. Interestingly, CTCL and CBCL patients with a progressive course showed higher mast cell counts than stable patients, and mast cell numbers in different stages of CTCL correlated positively with disease progression. In addition, mast cell numbers positively correlated with microvessel density. Incubating primary CTCL cells with mast cell supernatant, we observed enhanced proliferation and production of cytokines. In line with our in vitro experiments, in a mouse model of cutaneous lymphoma, tumor growth in mast cell–deficient transgenic mice was significantly decreased. Taken together, these experiments show that mast cells play a protumorigenic role in CTCL and CBCL. Our data provide a rationale for exploiting tumor-associated mast cells as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in PCL.

scholarly journals Mast Cells in Human Periodontal Disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 384-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gemmell ◽  
C.L. Carter ◽  
G.J. Seymour
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
Th2 Response ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
The Relationship

Recently, mast cells have been shown to produce cytokines which can direct the development of T-cell subsets. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between mast cells and the Th1/Th2 response in human periodontal disease. Tryptase+ mast cell numbers were decreased in chronic periodontitis tissues compared with healthy/gingivitis lesions. Lower numbers of c-kit+ cells, which remained constant regardless of clinical status, indicate that there may be no increased migration of mast cells into periodontal disease lesions. While there were no differences in IgG2+ or IgG4+ cell numbers in healthy/gingivitis samples, there was an increase in IgG4+ cells compared with IgG2+ cells in periodontitis lesions, numbers increasing with disease severity. This suggests a predominance of Th2 cells in periodontitis, although mast cells may not be the source of Th2-inducing cytokines.

Distribution of mast cells in intestinal muscle of nematode-sensitized rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (3) ◽  
pp. G477-G482 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Marzio ◽  
P. Blennerhassett ◽  
D. Vermillion ◽  
S. Chiverton ◽  
S. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Longitudinal Muscle ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Maximum Response ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Mast Cell Stabilizer ◽  
Functional Integrity

We examined the distribution and functional integrity of mast cells in intestinal longitudinal muscle in rats sensitized by two previous infections with Trichinella spiralis. A segment of jejunum was excluded from the gut before infection, and the remainder of the gut was anastomosed. Few mast cells were seen in muscle of noninfected control rats except in the region of the jejunal anastomosis. In rats sensitized by T. spiralis infection, mast cells were increased in number in the jejunum and the number of mast cells followed an aboral gradient down the entire length of the gut in continuity. In addition, mast cells were present in muscle of the excluded segment of sensitized rats. All mast cells were stained red with safranin. Functional integrity was assessed by the ability of mast cells to induce contraction after degranulation by antigen. In muscle from sensitized rats, contraction was induced in each region after exposure to T. spiralis antigen but not Nippostrongylus brasiliensis antigen. Contraction was inhibited by the mast cell stabilizer doxantrazole and the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) antagonist cyproheptadine. When antigen-induced contraction was expressed as a percentage of the maximum response of the tissue to exogenous 5-HT, the magnitude of contraction decreased along an aboral gradient down the intestine and correlated well (r2 = 0.878) with mast cell numbers. These results suggest that the increase in connective tissue mast cells in gut muscle after T. spiralis infection involves both local and systemic mechanisms.

scholarly journals Mast cell mediated ion transport in intestine from patients with and without inflammatory bowel disease

Gut ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E Crowe ◽  
G K Luthra ◽  
M H Perdue
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Cell Numbers ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background—Mast cells have been shown to regulate intestinal ion transport in animal models and normal human colon but their physiological role in human intestinal inflammatory disorders is unknown.Aims—To examine mast cell regulation of ion transport in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Subjects and methods—Small and large intestine was obtained from patients with and without IBD undergoing surgical resection. Short circuit current (Isc) responses to rabbit antihuman IgE, histamine, and electrical stimulation were measured in Ussing chambers. Specimens were also examined for mast cell numbers and degree of inflammation.Results—Isc responses to anti-IgE and histamine were smaller in magnitude in IBD compared with non-IBD tissues. In all tissues, anti-IgE Isc responses were reduced by about 80% in chloride free buffer. The histamine H1 receptor antagonist, pyrilamine, decreased anti-IgE responses in non-IBD tissues. Greater inhibition with pyrilamine was seen in IBD small intestine but its effect was less in IBD colon. Histamine pretreatment of non-IBD control tissues reduced anti-IgE responses to levels seen in IBD colon but had no effect in small intestine. Mast cell numbers were greater in IBD compared with non-IBD small intestine while no differences were observed between the colonic groups. Isc responses to anti-IgE were not correlated with the degree of mucosal inflammation.Conclusions—This study provides further evidence that mast cells are capable of mediating alterations of ion transport in human gut but that this regulatory role may be altered in IBD. The data suggest that prior activation of mast cells with release of histamine may account for the reduced secretory response to anti-IgE observed in IBD colonic tissues.

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