A method for obtaining large numbers of measured time intervals in radioactive decay

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 707-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Garfinkel ◽  
W.B. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Decay ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Measured Time

Prolonged Fixation Studies For Spaceflight

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
Robert Corbett ◽  
Delbert E. Philpott ◽  
Sam Black
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Early Signs ◽  
Large Numbers

Observation of subtle or early signs of change in spaceflight induced alterations on living systems require precise methods of sampling. In-flight analysis would be preferable but constraints of time, equipment, personnel and cost dictate the necessity for prolonged storage before retrieval. Because of this, various tissues have been stored in fixatives and combinations of fixatives and observed at various time intervals. High pressure and the effect of buffer alone have also been tried.Of the various tissues embedded, muscle, cartilage and liver, liver has been the most extensively studied because it contains large numbers of organelles common to all tissues (Fig. 1).

Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing by Measuring Time Interval of AE Generation

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Yoshioka ◽  
Atsushi Korenaga ◽  
Hiroki Mano ◽  
Takashi Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Contact Fatigue ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Rolling Bearing ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Measuring Time ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Measured Time ◽  
Ae Signal ◽  
Kinetics Of

We have developed a new method for measuring time intervals of Acoustic Emission (AE) generation for diagnosis of a radial rolling bearing. The method makes the AE signal itself a trigger of the oscillation of the clock pulse and measures the time interval of AE generation by integration of the clock pulses. The measurement device consists of the threshold, clock, time interval measurement and memory circuit, and was applied to rolling contact fatigue experiments. It was confirmed by the experiments that the measured time intervals of AE generation on the inner raceway or the ball agreed with the value calculated based on the kinetics of the rolling bearing. Moreover, we could identify the elements in which a fatigue crack was propagating by the method before the spalling appeared. The identified elements agreed with the failed elements.

Assessing Durability and Safety of Permethrin Impregnated Uniforms Used by Outdoor Workers to Prevent Tick Bites after One Year of Use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie L Richards ◽  
Jeffrey Driver ◽  
Megan C Dyer ◽  
Thomas N Mather ◽  
Sheana Funkhouser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Tick Bites ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Outdoor Workers ◽  
United States Population ◽  
Measured Time ◽  
One Year

Abstract Long lasting permethrin-impregnated (LLPI) clothing can retain permethrin and repel ticks for up to three months and without exceeding EPA-approved safe levels; however, little is known about longer term effects of wearing LLPI clothing. Here, permethrin content was measured in new forester pants soon after initial impregnation (Insect Shield) and again one year later after being repeatedly worn by foresters in the field. Urine samples were collected from foresters for biomonitoring of permethrin metabolites at multiple time intervals (pre-use, one-month, three-to-four-months, and one-year post-use). Lethality against nymphal Ixodes scapularis Say was measured in clothing after one year of wear by foresters. Furthermore, to test potential variability in permethrin impregnation of different batches of clothing, separate sets of clothing were anonymously sent to Insect Shield for permethrin treatment over a period of three months and permethrin was quantified. Results demonstrated 33% of participants’ pants had no measurable permethrin after one year of wear and permethrin content and tick mortality varied significantly between clothing. Only two of the participants’ clothing resulted in ≥ 30% tick mortality after one year of wear. Significant differences were observed in 3-PBA and trans-DCCA, but not cis-DCCA metabolites in participants over the four measured time points and were higher than general United States population levels. This study provides practical information on the safety (measured by urinary metabolites) over time of LLPI clothing. It also provides snapshots (pre-washing and after one year of wear) of effectiveness of LLPI clothing as personal protective equipment against ticks for outdoor workers.

Validation of the FAST skating protocol to predict aerobic power in ice hockey players

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Petrella ◽  
William J. Montelpare ◽  
Murray Nystrom ◽  
Michael Plyley ◽  
Brent E. Faught
Keyword(s):  
Normative Data ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Power Test ◽  
Regression Modelling ◽  
Specific Protocol ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Measured Time ◽  
Treadmill Protocol

Few studies have reported a sport-specific protocol to measure the aerobic power of ice hockey players using a predictive process. The purpose of our study was to validate an ice hockey aerobic field test on players of varying ages, abilities, and levels. The Faught Aerobic Skating Test (FAST) uses an on-ice continuous skating protocol on a course measuring 160 feet (48.8 m) using a CD to pace the skater with a beep signal to cross the starting line at each end of the course. The FAST incorporates the principle of increasing workload at measured time intervals during a continuous skating exercise. Step-wise multiple regression modelling was used to determine the estimate of aerobic power. Participants completed a maximal aerobic power test using a modified Bruce incremental treadmill protocol, as well as the on-ice FAST. Normative data were collected on 406 ice hockey players (291 males, 115 females) ranging in age from 9 to 25 y. A regression to predict maximum aerobic power was developed using body mass (kg), height (m), age (y), and maximum completed lengths of the FAST as the significant predictors of skating aerobic power (adjusted R2 = 0.387, SEE = 7.25 mL·kg–1·min–1, p < 0.0001). These results support the application of the FAST in estimating aerobic power among male and female competitive ice hockey players between the ages of 9 and 25 years.

Patterns Relevant to the Temporal Data-Context of an Alarm of Interest

2010 ◽  
pp. 18-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savo Kordic ◽  
Chiou Peng Lam ◽  
Jitian Xiao ◽  
Huaizhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Chemical Plants ◽  
Data Mining Technique ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Petroleum Refineries ◽  
Active Exploration

The productivity of chemical plants and petroleum refineries depends on the performance of alarm systems. Alarm history collected from distributed control systems (DCS) provides useful information about past plant alarm system performance. However, the discovery of patterns and relationships from such data can be very difficult and costly. Due to various factors such as a high volume of alarm data (especially during plant upsets), huge amounts of nuisance alarms, and very large numbers of individual alarm tags, manual identification and analysis of alarm logs is usually a labor-intensive and time-consuming task. This chapter describes a data mining approach for analyzing alarm logs in a chemical plant. The main idea of the approach is to investigate dependencies between alarms effectively by considering the temporal context and time intervals between different alarm types, and then employing a data mining technique capable of discovering patterns associated with these time intervals. A prototype has been implemented to allow an active exploration of the alarm grouping data space relevant to the tags of interest.

Evaluation of an intra-articular synthetic ligament for treatment of cranial cruciate ligament disease in dogs: a six-month prospective clinical trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (06) ◽  
pp. 491-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Maritato ◽  
Kemal Schankereli ◽  
Harry Wotton ◽  
Steven Naber ◽  
Matthew Barnhart
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Measured Time ◽  
Synthetic Ligament ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease

SummaryObjective: Evaluate the short-term outcomes of a novel synthetic ligament for treatment of naturally occurring canine cranial cruciate ligament disease.Study design: Prospective clinical study.Animals: Dogs with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament disease (n = 50).Methods: Patient parameters evaluated included a five-point lameness score, evaluation of craniocaudal stifle instability, and radiographic findings over 24 weeks. Any postoperative complications were recorded.Results: Thirty-four out of 42 dogs experienced significant improvements in lameness between the preoperative and 24 week time points. Lameness scores in those dogs improved significantly at all measured time intervals after postoperative week 2. Recurrence of stifle instability increased significantly over the study period from immediate postoperative measurements. Cranial drawer recurred in seven out of 42 of dogs by week 4 and 18/42 by week 24. Implant changes were not noted between the immediate and six-month postoperative radiographs except where complications occurred. Overall, 25 dogs experienced a total of 32 complications (22 major and 10 minor). Sixteen dogs had major complications, and nine had minor complications.Conclusion: The procedure was generally effective at improving lameness scores, but did not consistently maintain postoperative stifle stability and had an unacceptably high complication rate. This synthetic ligament procedure cannot be recommended for use in its current form.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/VCOT-15-12-0206.

ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE ADENOHYPOPHYSIS OF CASTRATED RABBITS

1966 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. YOUNG ◽  
C. L. FOSTER ◽  
E. CAMERON
Keyword(s):  
Granule Size ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Pars Distalis ◽  
General Shape ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Early Effect ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Golgi Zone

SUMMARY The ultrastructure of the rabbit adenohypophysis is described at increasing time-intervals after castration. An early effect of castration was the appearance of large numbers of degranulated or partially degranulated cells in both the pars distalis proper and the zona tuberalis. These cells were similar in general shape and granule size to the type 3 and 3z cells of the normal rabbit adenohypophysis. Characteristically these cells show a dilatation of the cisternae of the ergastoplasm and a prominent Golgi zone. 284 days after castration the partially degranulated cells were very large and their dilated cisternae were up to 1·3 μ in diameter and more spherical in form. Since the cells most affected by castration were similar in all respects to the type 3 and 3z cells described in normal rabbits, they are considered to be the gonadotrophs.

scholarly journals Stand for dynamic tests of methods vibration diagnostics of compressor blades

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
А.А. Равин ◽  
О.В. Хруцкий
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Dynamic Tests ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Compressor Blades ◽  
Vibration Diagnostics ◽  
Axial Compressors ◽  
Measured Time ◽  
Graphical Presentation

В статье рассматривается стендовая реализация предложенного авторами способа проведения экспериментов с рабочими лопатками аксиальных компрессоров, целью которых является отработка методов мониторинга вибраций лопаток и алгоритмов выявления характерных дефектов (усталостных трещин) непосредственно во время работы компрессора. Для обеспечения безопасности экспериментов с повреждёнными компрессорными лопатками в конструкции стенда применён один из эвристических принципов решения изобретательских задач, сформулированный Г.С. Альтшуллером, который состоит в том, что движущиеся на натурном объекте детали (лопатки) делают неподвижными, а неподвижные детали (датчики) приводят в движение таким образом, чтобы сохранить скорости их относительных перемещений. Рассмотрена конструкция стенда и состав измерительных приборов. Приведены результатов экспериментов с исправными компрессорными лопатками и с лопатками, имеющими различные стадии развития дефектов (усталостных трещин). Показано, что графическое представление ранжированных массивов измеренных временных интервалов позволяет судить о наличии дефекта и о стадии его развития. The article discusses the bench implementation of the method proposed by the authors for conducting experiments with rotor blades of axial compressors, the purpose of which is to develop methods for monitoring blade vibrations and algorithms for detecting characteristic defects (fatigue cracks) directly during compressor operation. To ensure the safety of experiments with damaged compressor blades, one of the heuristic principles for solving inventive problems, formulated by G.S. Altshuller, which consists in the fact that parts (blades) moving on a full-scale object are made stationary, and stationary parts (sensors) are set in motion in such a way as to maintain the speed of their relative movements. The design of the stand and the composition of the measuring instruments are considered. The results of experiments with serviceable compressor blades and blades with different stages of development of defects (fatigue cracks) are presented. It is shown that the graphical presentation of ranked arrays of measured time intervals allows one to judge the presence of a defect and the stage of its development.

Measurement of time intervals for time correlated radioactive decay

Physica ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 961-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lindeman ◽  
E. Mornel ◽  
U. Galil
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Decay ◽  
Time Intervals

The Nature of the Maya Chronological Count

1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Closs
Keyword(s):  
Time Intervals ◽  
Kin Support ◽  
Measured Time

Most investigators of Maya chronology consider that the Maya measured time intervals by a modified vigesimal count of days or, alternatively, by a tun count in which the uinal and the kin were fractions of the tun. The claim is made that neither of these interpretations is satisfactory and that the Maya perceived their time count to be a composite count comprised of three distinct counts whose respective units are the tun, the uinal and the kin. Support for this contention is found in the early post-Conquest writings as well as in the representations of time counts in the inscriptions and codices. Adoption of this interpretation leads to a clearer understanding of the Maya use of positional notation and also serves to explain some peculiar epigraphic features present in several chronological counts.

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