The calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion system regulates inner cell mass formation and cell surface polarization in early mouse development

Cell ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuaki Shirayoshi ◽  
T.S. Okada ◽  
Masatoshi Takeichi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Mouse Development ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Surface Polarization ◽  
Adhesion System ◽  
Dependent Cell ◽  
Early Mouse ◽  
Mass Formation

scholarly journals G9a regulates temporal preimplantation developmental program and lineage segregation in blastocyst

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan J Zylicz ◽  
Maud Borensztein ◽  
Frederick CK Wong ◽  
Yun Huang ◽  
Caroline Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Mouse Development ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Developmental Progression ◽  
Early Mouse ◽  
The Impact

Early mouse development is regulated and accompanied by dynamic changes in chromatin modifications, including G9a-mediated histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2). Previously, we provided insights into its role in post-implantation development (Zylicz et al., 2015). Here we explore the impact of depleting the maternally inherited G9a in oocytes on development shortly after fertilisation. We show that G9a accumulates typically at 4 to 8 cell stage to promote timely repression of a subset of 4 cell stage-specific genes. Loss of maternal inheritance of G9a disrupts the gene regulatory network resulting in developmental delay and destabilisation of inner cell mass lineages by the late blastocyst stage. Our results indicate a vital role of this maternally inherited epigenetic regulator in creating conducive conditions for developmental progression and on cell fate choices.

Expression of the gap junction proteins connexin31 and connexin43 correlates with communication compartments in extraembryonic tissues and in the gastrulating mouse embryo, respectively

1996 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
E. Dahl ◽  
E. Winterhager ◽  
B. Reuss ◽  
O. Traub ◽  
A. Butterweck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Embryo ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Mouse Development ◽  
Confocal Laser Scan Microscopy ◽  
Early Mouse ◽  
Junction Proteins ◽  
In Cells ◽  
Extraembryonic Tissues

We have characterized the pattern of connexin expression in embryonic and extraembryonic tissues during early mouse development. In the preimplantation blastocyst, at 3.5 days post coitum (dpc), immunofluorescent signals specific for connexin31 and connexin43 proteins were present in both the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm, as shown by confocal laser scan microscopy. Immediately after implantation at 6.5 dpc, however, we find complete compartmentation of these two connexins: connexin31 mRNA and protein are expressed exclusively in cells derived from the trophectoderm lineage, whereas connexin43 mRNA and protein are detected in cells derived from the inner cell mass. This expression pattern of connexin31 and connexin43 is maintained at 7.5 dpc when the axial polarity of the mouse embryo is established. It correlates with the communication compartments in extraembryonic tissues and the gastrulating mouse embryo, respectively. The communication boundary between those compartments may be due to incompatibility of connexin31 and connexin43 hemichannels, which do not communicate with each other in cell culture.

Activins are expressed in preimplantation mouse embryos and in ES and EC cells and are regulated on their differentiation

Development ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 711-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Albano ◽  
N. Groome ◽  
J.C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Alpha Subunit ◽  
Beta Subunits ◽  
Mouse Development ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Mammalian Embryo ◽  
Mesoderm Formation ◽  
Ec Cells ◽  
Early Mouse

Members of the activin family have been suggested to act as mesoderm-inducing factors during early amphibian development. Little is known, however, about mesoderm formation in the mammalian embryo, and as one approach to investigating this we have studied activin expression during early mouse development. Activins are homo- or heterodimers of the beta A or beta B subunits of inhibin, itself a heterodimer consisting of one of the beta subunits together with an alpha subunit. Our results indicate that the oocyte contains mRNA encoding all three subunits, and antibody staining demonstrates the presence of both alpha and beta protein chains. From the fertilized egg stage onwards, alpha subunit protein cannot be detected, so the presence of beta subunits reflects the presence of activin rather than inhibin. Maternal levels of activin protein decline during early cleavage stages but increase, presumably due to zygotic transcription (see below), in the compacted morula. By 3.5 days, only the inner cell mass (ICM) cells of the blastocyst express activin, but at 4.5 days the situation is reversed; activin expression is confined to the trophectoderm. Using reverse transcription-PCR, neither beta A nor beta B mRNA was detectable at the two-cell stage but transcripts encoding both subunits were detectable at the morula stage, with beta B mRNA persisting into the blastocyst. We have also analyzed activin and inhibin expression in ES and EC cells. Consistent with the observation that activins are expressed in the ICM of 3.5-day blastocysts, we find high levels of beta A and beta B mRNA in all eight ES cell lines tested. F9 EC cells express only activin beta B, together with low levels of the inhibin alpha chain. When ES and EC cells are induced to differentiate, levels of activin fall dramatically. These results are consistent with a role for activins in mesoderm formation and other steps of early mouse development.

The role of cell adhesion in the synchronization and orientation of polarization in 8-cell mouse blastomeres

Development ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-255
Author(s):  
Martin H. Johnson ◽  
Bernard Maro ◽  
Masatoshi Takeichi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Mouse Embryo ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Early Mouse Embryo ◽  
Adhesion System ◽  
Dependent Cell ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Early Mouse

A detailed investigation into the activity of the homotypic, Ca2+-dependent cell-cell adhesion system (CDS) in the early mouse embryo has revealed its involvement in (i) the synchronizing of the time of polarization of 8-cell blastomeres, and (ii) the orienting of the axis of polarization. Since polarization marks an important and early event in the process of cell diversification in the mouse embryo, it is concluded that the CDS provides an important component of the system by which the temporal and spatial elements of normal development are integrated.

A novel H+ permeability dominating intracellular pH in the early mouse embryo

Development ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 1353-1361
Author(s):  
J.M. Baltz ◽  
J.D. Biggers ◽  
C. Lechene
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Intracellular Ph ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Early Mouse

Most cell types are relatively impermeant to H+ and are able to regulate their intracellular pH by means of plasma membrane proteins, which transport H+ or bicarbonate across the membrane in response to perturbations of intracellular pH. Mouse preimplantation embryos at the 2-cell stage, however, do not appear to possess specific pH-regulatory mechanisms for relieving acidosis. They are, instead, highly permeable to H+, so that the intracellular pH in the acid and neutral range is determined by the electrochemical equilibrium of H+ across the plasma membrane. When intracellular pH is perturbed, the rate of the ensuing H+ flux across the plasma membrane is determined by the H+ electrochemical gradient: its dependence on external K+ concentration indicates probable dependence on membrane potential and the rate depends on the H+ concentration gradient across the membrane. The large permeability at the 2-cell stage is absent or greatly diminished in the trophectoderm of blastocysts, but still present in the inner cell mass. Thus, the permeability to H+ appears to be developmentally regulated.

scholarly journals Desmosomal glycoproteins 2 and 3 (desmocollins) show N-terminal similarity to calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion molecules

1990 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
J.L. Holton ◽  
T.P. Kenny ◽  
P.K. Legan ◽  
J.E. Collins ◽  
J.N. Keen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Intercellular Space ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
High Titre ◽  
Polyclonal Antiserum ◽  
Keyhole Limpet Haemocyanin ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Dependent Cell

The N-terminal sequence of a mixture of desmosomal glycoproteins 2 and 3 (dg2/3, desmocollins) from bovine nasal epidermis, prepared by electro-elution from polyacrylamide gels, was determined by solid-phase Edman degradation. A sequence of 23 amino acids was obtained. This showed 43% identity with that of the N terminus of the calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule, N-cadherin. A lesser degree of identity with other members of the cadherin-uvomorulin-L-CAM family was also found. In order to confirm that the sequence was derived from the dg2/3 molecules a rabbit antiserum was raised against a synthetic peptide corresponding to the sequence, conjugated to keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH). The antiserum obtained showed high (titre) activity against both the peptide and KLH in ELISA. Each activity could be specifically adsorbed with the appropriate ligand. The antiserum reacted specifically with both dg2 and dg3 of bovine nasal epidermis on immunoblots, this binding was blocked by the N-terminal peptide but was unaffected by KLH. The identity of dg2 and -3 in these preparations was confirmed by immunoblotting with two monoclonal antibodies and one polyclonal antiserum raised against the whole molecules. The N-terminal peptide antiserum was shown to bind to the intercellular space of desmosome profiles by immunoelectron microscopy on ultra-thin frozen sections. One of the two monoclonal antibodies (07–4D) also reacted with the desmosomal intercellular space. dg2 and -3 were shown by Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease digestion to have identical one-dimensional peptide maps. Both the N-terminal antiserum and 07–4D reacted with a V8 fragment of 19,000 Mr derived from dg2 and dg3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Position- and Hippo signaling-dependent plasticity during lineage segregation in the early mouse embryo

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Posfai ◽  
Sophie Petropoulos ◽  
Flavia Regina Oliveira de Barros ◽  
John Paul Schell ◽  
Igor Jurisica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Egfp Expression ◽  
Hippo Signaling ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Early Mouse ◽  
Cell Commitment

The segregation of the trophectoderm (TE) from the inner cell mass (ICM) in the mouse blastocyst is determined by position-dependent Hippo signaling. However, the window of responsiveness to Hippo signaling, the exact timing of lineage commitment and the overall relationship between cell commitment and global gene expression changes are still unclear. Single-cell RNA sequencing during lineage segregation revealed that the TE transcriptional profile stabilizes earlier than the ICM and prior to blastocyst formation. Using quantitative Cdx2-eGFP expression as a readout of Hippo signaling activity, we assessed the experimental potential of individual blastomeres based on their level of Cdx2-eGFP expression and correlated potential with gene expression dynamics. We find that TE specification and commitment coincide and occur at the time of transcriptional stabilization, whereas ICM cells still retain the ability to regenerate TE up to the early blastocyst stage. Plasticity of both lineages is coincident with their window of sensitivity to Hippo signaling.

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