The important role of technical documentation in product liability

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 213-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.O. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Product Liability ◽  
Technical Documentation

Improvement of crime scene examination and reduction of cognitive deficit – the need to implement a new imaging and dimensioning technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Magdalena Zubańska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Forensic Research ◽  
Systematic Development ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Scientific Achievements

The contribution of forensics to the effective fight against crime must be significant. Since its inception, it has been inspired by scientific achievements, which, in turn, entailed the systematic development of forensic research, the effects of which improve the activities on the crime scene, which is the richest source of information about the crime and the offender. The role of the scene examination is very important. Its course and results are documented in a protocol of examination, technical documentation is prepared if necessary. It is this type of documentation that constitutes an indispensable reference material for the investigative authority. The catalogue of technical solutions and devices for the recording of scene examination activities continues to expand. It has already been proven that the use of 3D scanning technology to capture the appearance of the scene brings numerous benefits.

The Plaintiff's Attorney

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 669-669
Author(s):  
Harry M. Philo ◽  
Linda Miller Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Product Liability ◽  
Accident Prevention ◽  
Product Safety ◽  
Social Purpose ◽  
The Social ◽  
Trial Judges

The social purpose of product liability litigation is product safety and accident Prevention. The role of the Human Factors Expert in that context is to educate juries, trial judges and appellate judges, attorneys, and experts in product design. The role of the Human Factors Expert in this context also includes being educated by the attorney's hindsight and experience, the technical materials, and by due care standards rather than compromise standards.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering For Automobile Accident Reconstruction

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Chi
Keyword(s):  
Product Liability ◽  
Accident Reconstruction ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Automobile Accident ◽  
Multidisciplinary Practice ◽  
Car Crash ◽  
Car Accidents ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
The One

Passenger car accidents alone rank among the top five causes of death for the general population and in particular constitute the leading cause of death for the one to twenty-four year old age group. Personal and product liability analysis requires an interdisciplinary research between pathologists and forensic engineers through mathematical modeling and laboratory tests. Similarly, in accident reconstruction a forensic engineer teamed in a multidisciplinary practice with pathologists and attorneys can produce a vivid scenario of the accident using a limited input obtained through diverse sources of information. In this article, various simulation programs relevant to accident investigation are briefly discussed. Dynamics of a simplified two-car crash is heuristically presented and finally the role of the experience forensic engineer and his collaborative effort with pathologists and attorneys in reconstructing a disputed accident are emphasized.

Using Litigation to Make Public Health Policy: Theoretical and Empirical Challenges in Assessing Product Liability, Tobacco, and Gun Litigation

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy D. Lytton
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Product Liability ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
Proper Role ◽  
Liability Claims

In recent years, a number of prominent scholars have touted the use of litigation as an effective tool for making public health policy. For example, Stephen Teret and Michael Jacobs have asserted that product liability claims against car makers have played a significant role in reducing automobile-related injuries, Peter Jacobson and Kenneth Warner have argued that litigation against cigarette manufacturers has advanced the cause of tobacco control, and Phil Cook and Jens Ludwig have suggested that lawsuits against the firearms industry can reduce gun violence. Critics have attacked this use of litigation as doing more harm than good to public health and as a misuse of the courts. This debate involves two distinct controversies: one over whether the public health benefits of litigation outweigh its costs and the other over the proper role of courts within our system of government.

scholarly journals ROLE OF THE PATENT SYSTEM IN THE INTERNATIONALI-ZATION OF THE DIFFUSION OF TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3 (51)) ◽  
pp. 253-263
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Niklewicz-Pijaczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Patent System ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Patent Citations ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Research Show

The article attempts to show the role of the patent system in the internationalization of diffusion of technical knowledge. Its purpose is to analyse, use of international technical knowledge made available through patent systems, by Polish companies that are inventively active. For its implementation, research was carried out based on a qualitative analysis of the so-called patent citations, included in the technical documentation submitted for the protection of inventions. Conclusions resulting from the research show a high degree of internationalization of the diffusion of technical knowledge in relation to scientific and technical publications and low when the existing technical solutions are the basis.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Investigation of Workplace Incidents Involving Machinery

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Ziernicki
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Product Liability ◽  
Product Safety ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Product Defect ◽  
Engineering Investigation

On many occasions, a forensic engineer faces numerous questions when investigating workplace incidents involving machinery, such as: Why did this incident happen? Was it the operator who caused the incident? Was the operator properly trained? Was the equipment properly maintained? Was the equipment defectively designed or manufactured? This paper focuses on potential product defect issues. How can one determine whether the product was defec-tive and unreasonably dangerous? The paper outlines issues related to the investigation of product liability cases, and discusses potential procedures and steps to be taken in order to establish whether the product is defective or unreasonably dangerous. The author explains the role of industrial regulations and standards from sources such as the Code of Fed-eral Regulations (CFR), Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and other entities in the process of as-sessing product safety. In addition, the role of the safety triad, technical and economic feasibility, and warnings/instructions in assessing product safety are examined. The author also discusses another useful approach to safety: implementation of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA). Finally, two product cases are presented to illustrate the process of safety analysis and investigation.

scholarly journals Research of the role of the scientific and technical support in development of software products for Automated Control Systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Oleg Vasilyevich Tikhanychev
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this research is the process of development of software products for Automated Control Systems of industrial and special designation. The object of this research is the functional responsibilities of the software developers based on their roles in this process. The general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis were applied in studying the peculiarities of the development of software products. Leaning on analysis of the content of technical documentation standards that regulates the software development for automated systems of special designation and determines the content of the process and functions of its participants, the author synthesized the suggestions on clarification of the list of experts engaged in the process and their competences. The problem is articulated regarding the improvement of functional responsibilities of the participants of this process. It is proposed to specify the technical documentation standards, list of involved experts, and their training programs. Execution of such measures should help to bring the process of development of software products for Automated Control Systems in compliance with the current demands.

The Pharmaceutical Industry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart O. Schweitzer ◽  
Z. John Lu
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Product Liability ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Important Distinction ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Private And Public

Understanding the pharmaceutical industry is a complex mission, requiring a thorough understanding not only of the firms that produce drugs but also of the decision-making process involved in drug selection for patients, the role of insurance and other third-party payers, and the substantial role of government in monitoring and regulating many aspects of the marketplace for pharmaceuticals. This chapter provides an overview of the pharmaceutical industry, including the market structure, the stages of research and development (R&D) and the associated costs, the role of government regulation in R&D and approval, and the role of product liability in the research process. It notes the important distinction between basic research and applied research, and explains the roles of the private and public sectors in each. The chapter ends with a discussion of the development of pharmaceuticals for poor countries.

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