Effect of Melia azedarach L. leaf extracts on human complement and polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Medicinal plants play a key role in human life as they are helpful in curing several diseases. They not only support health by the pharmacological nature but also utilizable as contraceptive options. The present study reveals that the medicinal plants Melia azedarach and Dodonaea viscosa leaf extracts showing antifertility activity. The decreased sperm count and reproductive organ weights including the necrotic changes in the seminiferous tubules of testis suggesting the antifertility activity of the plants. Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and other serological studies were also carried out to know whether side-effects of the extracts.

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Modulation of ligand selectivity by mutation of the first extracellular loop of the human C5a receptor 1 1Abbreviations: C5aR, human complement fragment 5a receptor; WT, wild-type; G105D, C5aR mutated to aspartate at glycine105; P103Y, C5aR mutated to tyrosine at proline105; P103Y/G105D, C5aR containing both substitutions; C5adR74, des arginated C5a; F-[OPchaWR], phenylalanine [l-ornithine-proline-d-cyclohexylalanine-tryptophan-arginine]; MeFKPchaWr, N-methyl-l-phenylalanine-lysine-proline-d-cyclohexylalanine-tryptophan-d-arginine; PMN, polymorphonuclear leukocytes; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; YSFKPMPLaR, l-tyrosine-serine-phenylalanine-lysine-proline-methionine-proline-leucine-d-alanine-arginine; and YSFKD(MeNle)PIAR, l-tyrosine-serine-phenylalanine-lysine-aspartate-N-methylnorleucine-proline-d-leucine-alanine-arginine.

Biochemical Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/s0006-2952(01)00608-6 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 61 (12) ◽

pp. 1571-1579 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Stuart A. Cain ◽

Trent M. Woodruff ◽

Stephen M. Taylor ◽

David P. Fairlie ◽

Sam D. Sanderson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽

Human Complement ◽

Extracellular Loop ◽

Wild Type ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

C5a Receptor ◽

Ligand Selectivity ◽

Pcr Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase Chain

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Block of vesicular stomatitis virus endocytic and exocytic pathways by 1-cinnamoyl-3,11-dihydroxymeliacarpin, a tetranortriterpenoid of natural origin

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.19343-0 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 85 (2) ◽

pp. 483-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Andrea A. Barquero ◽

Laura E. Alché ◽

Celia E. Coto

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

G Protein ◽

Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽

Vero Cells ◽

Melia Azedarach ◽

Antiviral Action ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Acridine Orange Staining ◽

Multiplication Cycle ◽

Vesicular Stomatitis

Previously, it has been shown that 1-cinnamoyl-3,11-dihydroxymeliacarpin (CDM), a natural compound isolated from leaf extracts of Melia azedarach L., inhibits the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) multiplication cycle when added before or after infection. Here, we have established that the lack of VSV protein synthesis in CDM pre-treated Vero cells is ascribed to the inhibition of an initial step during virus multiplication, although indirect immunofluorescence (IFI) studies confirmed that the binding and uptake of [35S]methionine-labelled VSV was not affected by CDM pre-treatment. Instead, our findings revealed that this compound impedes the uncoating of VSV nucleocapsids in pre-treated Vero cells, since the antiviral action of CDM was partially reversed by inducing VSV direct fusion at the plasma membrane, and VSV M protein fluorescence was confined to the endosomes, even 2 h post-internalization. Furthermore, CDM induced cytoplasmic alkalinization, as shown by acridine orange staining, consistent with the inhibition of virus uncoating. Although VSV proteins are synthesized when CDM is added after infection, IFI studies revealed that G protein was absent from the surface of infected cells and co-localized with a Golgi marker. Therefore, CDM inhibits the transport of G protein to the plasma membrane. Taken together, these findings indicate that CDM exerts its antiviral action on the endocytic and exocytic pathways of VSV by pre- or post-treatment, respectively.

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Leaf extracts of Melia azedarach Linnaeus (Sapindales: Meliaceae) act as larvicide against Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) (Diptera: Culicidae)

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ◽

10.1590/s0037-86822008000600003 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 560-564 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Josiane Somariva Prophiro ◽

Juliana Chedid Nogared Rossi ◽

Murilo Fernandes Pedroso ◽

Luiz Alberto Kanis ◽

Onilda Santos Silva

Keyword(s):

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Present Report ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

Melia Azedarach ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Larvicidal Effect ◽

The Third ◽

Seeds And Fruits

The objective of this study was to compare the larvicidal effect of hydroethanolic extracts of fresh and dry leaves of Melia azedarach Linnaeus (Sapindales: Meliaceae) on Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) (Diptera: Culicidae). All the extracts evaluated induced mortality among the third and fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti after 24 and 48 hours of exposure to the products. Although previous studies had demonstrated the action of seeds and fruits of Melia azedarach against the larvae of different Aedes aegypti populations, the present report is the first to show the larvicidal effect of the fresh and dry leaves of this plant.

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Effects of aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (neem) and Melia azedarach L. (Santa Barbara or cinnamon) on the intracellular development of Toxoplasma gondii

Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais ◽

10.1590/s1516-05722011000200014 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 215-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

E.J.T Melo ◽

K.J Vilela ◽

C.S Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Parasitophorous Vacuole ◽

Biologically Active ◽

In Vitro Assays ◽

Melia Azedarach ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Intracellular Parasites

Melia azedarach (cinnamon) and Azadirachta indica (neem) have a variety of biologically active ingredients against virus, bacteria and protozoan parasites; however, little is known about their action on Toxoplasma gondii intracellular development. Toxoplasma gondii infects all eukaryotic cells, where it establishes and multiplies inside a modified vacuole called the parasitophorous vacuole until the cell ruptures, re-infecting other cells and establishing the infection. There are no efficient chemotherapies for the elimination of T. gondii, minimizing side effects. In this study, we performed in vitro assays with neem and cinnamon aqueous extracts against the intracellular development of T. gondii tachyzoites. After treatment with neem and cinnamon for 24 h, the percentage of infected cells and the number of intracellular parasites drastically decreased. This effect was concentration-dependent. During the incubation of the extracts, progressive morphological and ultrastructure alterations led to intense vesiculation and complete elimination of the parasite from the intracellular medium. However, during the treatment with extracts, no morphological effects were observed in the structure of the host cell. These results suggest that the aqueous extracts of neem and cinnamon were capable of interfering with and eliminating the intracellular development of Toxoplasma gondii.

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